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Body:
Hepatic Stellate Cell
There are truly a lot of liver cells, including hepatocytes, liver endothelial cells,
kupffer cells, hepatic stellate cells, and others. Hepatic stellate cells are liver-specific
mesenchymal cells which play important roles in liver physiology.
Hepatic stellate cells are also called perisinusoidal cells, which are typically located
between the livers sinusoidal endothelial cells and hepatocytes. They are usually
spindle-shaped, by which researchers believe that their spine-like projection may
detect chemical signals and secure the health of liver.
In comparison to other liver cells, this 5 to 8 percent of the liver's cells just sit around
in an inactive "quiescent" state in most of the time, and just store vitamin A and a
number of important receptors, as well as help to transport various proteins (including
immune messengers-cytokines).
However, when there is an event like liver injury, they will activated at once, and
promote ion movement, continue the production of antibodies, genesis of natural
killer T-cells and the proliferation of chemical responses to stress. Therefore, hepatic
stellate cells act like the liver's reserve army to some extent.
How it functions
Usually in healthy liver, hepatic stellate cells contain fat droplets helping to store
numerous vitamin A, thus constitutes the largest reservoir of vitamin A in the body.
The lipid antigens presented by hepatic stellate cells within the liver help to stimulate
the immune system as well.
Except the liver is injured or diseased, a hepatic stellate cell is usually in a dormant or
quiescent state. When the case happens, the cell tends to multiply; its ability to
contract becomes more prevalent as well. Its ability to store vitamin A will decrease,
and it will become more sensitive and have more response to certain chemicals. In
general, it is characterized by proliferation, contractility, and chemotaxis.
http://www.creative-bioarray.com/Products/Hepatic-Cells-list-143.htm
http://www.creative-bioarray.com/Human-Hepatic-Stellate-Cells-CSC-C1496-item-39331.htm