Flammables Bulk Storage Standard Draft r9

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Bulk Storage of Flammable and

Combustible Liquids Standard
PS-ST-001
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WARNING If Printed this document becomes an UNCONTROLLED Copy
I. POLICY
This standard outlines the Ecolab corporate requirements for the safe bulk storage of
flammableand combustible liquids in bulk storage systems. The standard is based on
NFPA 30 Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code. NFPA 30 provides greater detail
and guidance and should be referred to for interpretation of this standard.
1. Requirements in this document are identified as follows:
a. Mandatory requirements are identified by the bolded terms shall or must;
b. Recommendations, identified by the terms recommended or should, are
not mandatory but preferred options. Each site is expected to follow
recommendations where possible; and
c. Guidance, identified with the terms suggested or may, is given where a
specific approach cannot be defined or where multiple options are
acceptable.
2. These requirements apply to all new construction and modifications to existing
facilities.
3. These requirements do not apply retroactively to existing situations unless identified
in the following manner: *** (Applies retroactively at all Ecolab sites)***.
4. It is recognized that standards cannot cover all possible situations and good
engineering judgment may dictate alternative arrangements. Alternative
arrangements for mandatory requirements must be approved, see PS-XX-NNN:
Exception Process.
5. In the event of a conflict with government or local standards, codes, or regulations,
then the more stringent of the two (regulation or the Ecolab standard) must be
followed.
6. In the event of a conflict with any legacy company standard, guidance document or
commonly accepted practice, the requirements in this standard must be followed.
II. SCOPE
This standard applies to the bulk storage of flammable and combustibleliquids at all
Ecolab and Nalco Champion manufacturing, processing, blending, and storage
locations globally.
Storage, processing, handling and use of Class II and Class III liquids heated to within
17 degrees C of their flash point shall be treated as Class I liquids unless an
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engineering evaluation conducted in accordance with NFPA 30 justifies following the

requirements for another liquid class.
III. DEFINITIONS
A. Flammable and Combustible Liquids Classification
1. Flammable liquids shall be classified as Class I liquids and further sub
classified according to the following
a) Class IA Liquid- Any liquid that has a flash point below 22.8 deg C and
a boiling point below 37.8 deg C
b) Class IB Liquid- Any liquid that has a flash point below 22.8 deg C and
a boiling point above 37.8 deg C
c) Class1C Liquid- any liquid that has a flash point at or above 22.8 deg
C but below 37.8 deg C
2. Combustible liquids shall be classified in accordance with the following
a) Class II liquids- Any liquid having a flash point at or above 37.8 deg C
and below 60 deg C.
b) Class IIIA Liquids- any liquid having a flash point at or above 60 deg C
but below 93 deg C
c) Class IIIB Liquid- Any liquid having a flash point at or above 93 deg C.
3. Class II and Class III liquids heated to within 17 deg C of their flash point
shall be treated as Class I liquids.
4. For further clarification refer to figure 1.
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Figure 1
B. Bulk Storage Systems-Bulk storage systems are defined as fixed tanks that exceed
230 L in capacity, portable tanks that exceed 2500 L in capacity or intermediate bulk
containers that exceed 3000 L
C. Flash point- The minimum temperature of a liquid at which sufficient vapour is given
off to form an ignitable mixture with air, near the surface of the liquid or within the
vessel used.
D. Boiling point- the temperature at which the vapour pressure of the liquid equals the
surrounding atmospheric pressure.
E. Unstable Liquid-Aliquid that, in the pure state oras commercially produced or
transported, will vigorouslypolymerize, decompose, undergo condensation reaction
or become self-reactive under conditions of shock, pressure or temperature.
F. Boil Over-An event in the burning of certain oils in anopen-top tank when, after a
long period of quiescent burning,there is a sudden increase in fire intensity
associated with expulsion of burning oil from the tank.
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G. Protection for Exposures-Fire protection for structureson property adjacent to liquid

storage that is provided by(1) a public fire department or (2) a private fire brigade
maintainedon the property adjacent to the liquid storage, either ofwhich is capable of
providing cooling water streams to protectthe property adjacent to the liquid storage.
H. Stray Current- The portion of a total electric current that flows through paths other
than the intended circuit.
IV. REQUIREMENTS
A. Location
1. Storage tanks storing Class I, Class II and Class IIIA stable liquids at
pressures less than 2.5 psi (17.2 kPa) relative to property lines, public
ways and important buildings must be sited
a) 10 ft. (3 m)from property line and 2.5 ft.(.76 m) from important

structures for tanks less than 30,000 usg (113 m3)assuming that the
structures are protected by either a local fire department or site fire
protection systems and the tank has either an approved inerting system
or a foam suppression system.
b) 20 ft.(6 m) from property line and 5 ft. (1.4 m) from important structures
for tanks less than 30,000 usg(113 m3 )assuming that the structures are
protected by either a local fire department or site fire protection systems
and no fire protection systems exist for the tank.
c) 40 ft.(12 m) from property line and 10 ft.(3 m) from important

structures for tanks less than 30,000 usg(113 m3) assuming that the
structures are not protected by either a local fire department or site fire
protection systems and no fire protection systems exist for the tank.
2. For stable liquid storage systems where the tank internal pressure exceeds
2.5 psi (17.2 kPa) or are equipped with emergency venting that will permit
pressures to exceed 2.5psi (17.2 kPa), the separation distance for
protected tanks increase to 30 ft (9.1 m) . from the property line including
the opposite side of a public way and 25 ft (7.6 m) from the nearest side of
any public way or the nearest important building on the same property. For
unprotected exposures the distances increase to 50ft (15 m) from the
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property line and 25 ft (7.6 m) from the nearest side of any public way or
the nearest important building on the same property
3. For tanks less than 30,000 USG (113 m3) storing Class IIIB liquids the
minimum separation distances relative to property lines, public ways and
important buildings must be 10 ft.(3 m) from property lines and 5 ft. (1.5
m)from important structures.
4. The minimum shell to shell spacing distances for above ground storage
tanks must be 1/6 the sum of all adjacent tank diameters but not less than
3 ft.(.9 m)
5. For tanks larger than 30,000 USG (113 m3), tanks storing LP Gas, tanks
storing boil over liquids, tanks storing unstable liquids and tanks storing
Class IIIB liquids refer to NFPA 30 for specific separation distances and
specific requirements.
B. Materials of Construction
1. For the storage of all flammable and combustible Class I, Class II and
Class IIIA liquids, tanks shall be of steel or other approved noncombustible
material .The materials of construction for tanks and theirappurtenances
shall be compatible with the liquid to bestored. In case of doubt about the
properties of the liquid tobe stored, the supplier, producer of the liquid, or
other competent authority shall be consulted. *** (Applies retroactively at
all Ecolab sites)***
2. Tanks shall be permitted to have combustible or noncombustible linings.
The selection, specification, and type of lining material and its required
thickness shall be based on the properties of the liquid to be stored. When
there is a change in the characteristics of the liquid to be stored,
thecompatibility of the lining and the liquid shall be verified.
3. Tanks shall be permitted to be constructed of combustiblematerials when
approved. Tanks constructed of combustiblematerials shall be limited to
any of the following:
a) Underground installation
b) Use where required by the properties of the liquid stored*
c) Aboveground storage of Class IIIB liquids in areas not exposed to a
spill or leak of Class I or Class II liquid
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d) Storage of Class IIIB liquids inside a building protected byan approved

automatic fire-extinguishing system.
*Note: OSHA 1910.106 prohibits the above ground storage of all
flammable and combustible liquids (Class I, Class II and Class IIIA) in
plastic tanks in the US.
C. Design Standards for Storage Tanks

1. Atmospheric tanks shall be designed and constructedin accordance with
recognized engineering standards.Atmospheric tanks that meet any of the
following standards shallbe deemed as meeting the requirements for the
storage system design.
a) API Standard 650, Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage
b) UL 58, Standard for Steel Underground Tanks for Flammable and
Combustible Liquids
c) ANSI/UL 80, Standard for Steel Tanks for Oil-Burner Fuelsand Other
Combustible Liquids
d) ANSI/UL 142, Standard for Steel Aboveground Tanks for
Flammable and Combustible Liquids
e) UL 1316, Standard for Glass-Fiber Reinforced Plastic Underground
Storage Tanks for Petroleum Products, Alcohols, and Alcohol-Gasoline
Mixtures
f) ANSI/UL 1746, Standard for External Corrosion Protection
Systems for Steel Underground Storage Tanks
g) UL2080, Standard for Fire Resistant Tanks for Flammable and
Combustible Liquids
h) ANSI/UL 2085, Standard for Protected Aboveground Tanks
for Flammable and Combustible Liquids
i) API Specification 12B, Bolted Tanks for Storage of Production Liquids
j) API Specification 12D, FieldWelded Tanks for Storage of Production
Liquids
k) API Specification 12F, Shop Welded Tanks for Storage of Production
Liquids
*Note: API 12B,12D and 12F shall only be used for the storage of crude
petroleum at oil producing sites.
2. Low-pressure tanks shall be designed and constructedin accordance with
recognized engineering standards.Low-pressure tanks that meet either of
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the following standardsshall be deemed as meeting the requirements of

this standard
a) API 620, Recommended Rules for the Design and Constructionof
Large, Welded, Low-Pressure Storage Tanks
b) ASME Code for Unfired Pressure Vessels, Section VIII, Division 1
3. Tanks with storage pressures above a gauge pressureof 15 psi (100 kPa)
shall be designed and constructed inaccordance with recognized
engineering standards. Pressurevessels that meet any of the following
standards shall bedeemed as meeting the requirements of this standard
a) Fired pressure vessels shall be designed and constructedin
accordance with Section I (Power Boilers), or SectionVIII, Division 1 or
Division 2 (Pressure Vessels), as applicable,of the ASME Boiler and
Pressure Vessel Code.
b) Unfired pressure vessels shall be designed and constructedin
accordance with Section VIII, Division 1 orDivision 2, of the ASME Boiler
and Pressure Vessel Code.
D. Normal Tank Venting

1. Storage tanks shall be vented to prevent the development of vacuum or
pressure that can distort the tank or exceedthe rated design pressure of
the tank when the tank isfilled or emptied or because of atmospheric
temperaturechanges. Normal vents shall be located above the
maximumnormal liquid level.*** (Applies retroactively at all Ecolab sites)***
2. Normal venting shall be provided for tanksand each primary compartment
of a compartmented tank.*** (Applies retroactively at all Ecolab sites)***
3. Normal vents shall be sized in accordance with eitherAPI Standard 2000,
Venting Atmospheric and Low-PressureStorage Tanks, or another
approved standard. Alternatively, thenormal vent shall be at least as large
as the largest filling orwithdrawal connection, but in no case shall it be less
than1.25 in. (32 mm) nominal inside diameter.*** (Applies retroactively at
4. Atmospheric storage tanks shall be vented to preventthe development of
vacuum or pressure above the 1.0 psi(6.9 kPa) maximum operating
pressure.*** (Applies retroactively at all Ecolab sites)***
5. Low-pressure tanks and pressure vessels shall bevented to prevent the
development of pressure or vacuum thatexceeds the rated design pressure
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6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
of the tank or vessel. Meansshall also be provided to prevent overpressure

from any pumpdischarging into the tank or vessel when the pump
dischargepressure can exceed the design pressure of the tank or
vessel.*** (Applies retroactively at all Ecolab sites)***
If any tank or pressure vessel has more than one fillor withdrawal
connection and simultaneous filling or withdrawalcan be made, the vent
size shall be based on the maximum possible simultaneous flow.***
(Applies retroactively at all Ecolab sites)***
For tanks equipped with vents that permit pressuresto exceed a gauge
pressure of 2.5 psi (17 kPa) and for lowpressure tanks and pressure
vessels, the outlet of all vents andvent drains shall be arranged to
discharge in a manner thatprevents localized overheating of or flame
impingement onany part of the tank, if vapors from the vents are ignited.***
(Applies retroactively at all Ecolab sites)***
Tanks and pressure vessels that store Class IA liquidsshall be equipped
with venting devices that are closed, exceptwhen venting under pressure
or vacuum conditions.*** (Applies retroactively at all Ecolab sites)***
Tanks and pressure vessels that store Class IB andClass IC liquids shall
be equipped with venting devices or withlisted flame arresters. When used,
vent devices shall be closed,except when venting under pressure or
vacuum conditions.*** (Applies retroactively at all Ecolab sites)***
Tanks of 3000 barrels (bbl) [126,000 gal (475 m3)]capacity or less that
store crude petroleum in crude-producingareas and outside aboveground
atmospheric tanks of less than1000 gal (3785 L) capacity that contain
other than Class IAliquids shall be permitted to have open vents.
Flame arresters or venting devices required in points 8 and 9 above shall
be permitted to be omitted on tanksthat store Class IB or Class IC liquids
where conditions aresuch that their use can, in case of obstruction, result
in damageto the tank.
Piping for normal vents shall be designed in accordance with section I of
this standard.
E. Emergency Relief Venting

1. Every aboveground storage tank shall have emergencyrelief venting in the
form of construction or a device ordevices that will relieve excessive
internal pressure caused byan exposure fire.*** (Applies retroactively at all
Ecolab sites)***
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2. For vertical tanks, the emergency relief venting construction referred to in

point 1 above shall be permitted to be afloating roof, a lifter roof, a weak
roof-to-shell seam, or anotherapproved pressure-relieving construction.
3. If unstable liquids are stored, the effects of heat orgas resulting from
polymerization, decomposition, condensation,or self-reactivity shall be
taken into account.
4. If two-phase flow is anticipated during emergencyventing, an engineering
evaluation shall be conducted in orderto size the pressure-relieving
devices.
5. If used, a weakroof-to-shell seam shall be constructed to fail preferential
toany other seam and shall be designed in accordance withAPI Standard
650, Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage, orANSI/UL 142, Standard for
Steel Aboveground Tanks for Flammableand Combustible Liquids.
6. Where entire dependence for emergency relief ventingis placed upon
pressure-relieving devices, the total ventingcapacity of both normal and
emergency vents shall be sufficientto prevent rupture of the shell or bottom
of a verticaltank or of the shell or heads of a horizontal tank.*** (Applies
retroactively at all Ecolab sites)***
7. Refer to NFPA 30 Section 22.7.3 for methods of determining the required
emergency relief venting capacity.
F. Containment
1. Every tank that contains a Class I, Class II, or Class IIIA liquid shall be
provided with means to prevent an accidental release of liquid from
endangering important facilities and adjoining property or from reaching
waterways.*** (Applies retroactively at all Ecolab sites)***
2. Tanksmust have a containment basin to meet local requirements or 110%
of the largest tank volume in the containment area plus allowance for a 25
year 24 hour event rain fall whichever is more stringent. *** (Applies
3. If drain valves are used to drain surface water, a system must be in place
to control access via locks. Control of drainage should be accessible from
outside the containment system in the event of fire. *** (Applies
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4. Floor of bund or tank pad should be sloped to prevent the accumulation of

spills under tanks.
G. Level Measurement
1. Facilities with aboveground tanks larger than 1320 gal (5000 L) storing
Class I or Class II liquids shall establish procedures or shall provide
equipment, or both, to prevent overfilling of tanks.*** (Applies retroactively
at all Ecolab sites)***
2. While filling the following *** (Applies retroactively at all Ecolab sites)***
a) tanks shall be gauged at intervals in accordance with established
procedures by personnel continuously on thepremises during product
receipt or
b) tanksshall be equipped with a high-level detection device that is either
independent of any gauging equipment or incorporates a gauging and
alarm system that provideselectronic self-checking to indicate when the
gauging andalarm system has failed.
3. Alarms shall be located whereEcolab personnel who are on duty
throughout product transfercan arrange for flow stoppage or diversion in
accordancewith established procedures or tanks shall be equipped with an
independent high-leveldetection system that will automatically shut down or
divertflow in accordance with established procedures.*** (Applies
4. Liquid level gauges capable of giving local readings must be installed on
all storage tanks*** (Applies retroactively at all Ecolab sites)***. However,
gauges capable of giving both local and remote readings are
recommended.
5. For Ecolab Class II and Class III materials stored in bulk storage vessels,
additional level control measures must be in place as detailed below***
(Applies retroactively at all Ecolab sites)***.
a) In addition to a continuous liquid-level gauge, Class II and Class III
material storage vessels must have a high-level alarm (Note: the highlevel alarm and the liquid-level gauge may be the same device, however
independent level and alarm devices are recommended) *** (Applies
retroactively at all Ecolab sites)***. The alarm must not be used for normal
operational control.
b) The high-level alarm should be activated at 90% of the capacity of the
storage vessel leaving a 10% void volume as protection against overflow.
Note: If the material being stored in a given storage vessel may require
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the emergency addition of an inhibitor (per Ecolab or supplier

recommendations), the high-level alarm must be set at a level that takes
into account the maximum volume of inhibitor that may be required to be
added (i.e. 90% minus the maximum volume of inhibitor) *** (Applies
retroactively at all Ecolab sites)***.
c) Audible alarms should sound at an attended location. If site conditions
(manpower, site layout, etc.) will not permit timely intervention by an
Operator to an audible alarm, a trip must also activate to stop flow when
the alarm set-point is reached *** (Applies retroactively at all Ecolab
sites).
6. For Class I liquids stored in bulk storage vessels, additional control
measures must be in place as detailed below
a) In addition to the requirements for Class II and III materials, the highlevel alarm must trigger both an audible alarm AND a safety shut-off
which will automatically interrupt filling operations. Activation of the safety
shut-off must function without restricting or interfering with the proper
functioning of the normal vent or the emergency vent*** (Applies
retroactively at all Ecolab sites)***.
b) The safety shut-off activated by the high-level condition should have
contacts or limit switches to confirm shut-off has occurred. Failure of the
safety shut-off device to operate as required should also activate an
alarm.
c) If the independent instrument is a second liquid-level device, a
deviation alarm should be triggered if the two devices register a difference
in the measured liquid-level of > 2%.
H. Loading and unloading systems

1. Bonding for the control of static electricity shall be required for loading and
unloading Class I liquids.*** (Applies retroactively at all Ecolab sites)***
2. Loading and unloading facilities that are used to load liquids into tank
vehicles through open domes shall beprovided with a means for
electrically bonding to protectagainst static electricity hazards. All parts of
the fill pipe assembly, including, but not limited to, the drop tube, rack
structure and piping, shall form a continuous electrically conductive path
that is directed to ground through the rack assembly or by conductive
wiring.*** (Applies retroactively at all Ecolab sites)***
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3. In areas where excessive stray currents are knownto exist, all pipelines
entering the area where Class I liquids are loaded or unloaded shall be
provided with insulating sections to electrically isolate them from the facility
piping.*** (Applies retroactively at all Ecolab sites)***
4. Tank vehicle and tank car loading and unloading facilitiesshall be
separated from aboveground tanks, warehouses,other plant buildings, or
the nearest line of adjoiningproperty that can be built upon by a distance of
at least 25 ft(7.6 m) for Class I liquids and for Class II and Class III
liquidshandled at temperatures at or within 17 deg C of their flash points
measured from the nearest fill spout or transfer connection. These
distances shall be permitted to be reduced if there is suitable protection for
exposures.
5. Tank vehicle and tank car loading and unloading facilitiesshall be
separated from aboveground tanks, warehouses,other plant buildings, or
the nearest line of adjoiningproperty that can be built upon by a distance of
at least 15 ft (4.6 m) for Class II and Class III liquids handled at
temperatures below their flash points, measured from the nearest fill spout
or transfer connection. These distances shall be permitted to be reduced if
there is suitable protection for exposures.
6. Before loading Class I liquids in tank vehicles through open domes,a
bonding connection shall be made to the vehicle or tankbefore dome
covers are raised and shall remain in place untilfilling is completed and all
dome covers have been closed and secured.Filling through open domes
into tank vehicles that contain vaporair mixtures within the flammable
range or where the liquid being filled can form such a mixture shall be by
means of a downspout that extends to within 6 in. (150 mm) of the bottom
of the tank.*** (Applies retroactively at all Ecolab sites)***
7. When transferring Class I liquids, or Class II andClass III liquids at
temperatures within 17 deg C of their flash points, engines of tank vehicles
or motors of auxiliary or portable pumps shall be shut down during the
making and breaking of hose connections. If loading or unloading is done
without requiring the use of the motor of the tank vehicle, the motor shall
be shut down throughout any transfer operations involving Class I
liquids.*** (Applies retroactively at all Ecolab sites)***
I. Pipework and Valves
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1. The design, fabrication, assembly, test, and inspection of piping systems

shall be suitable for the working pressures and structural stresses to be
encountered by the piping system. Compliance with applicable sections
ofASMEB31, Code for Pressure Piping is required..*** (Applies
retroactively at all Ecolab sites)*** Piping, valves, and fittings shall be
permitted to have combustible or noncombustible linings.
2. Fill pipes that enter the top of a tankshall terminate within 6 in. (150 mm) of
the bottom of thetank. Fill pipes shall be installed or arranged so that
vibrationis minimized..*** (Applies retroactively at all Ecolab sites)***
a) Exception No. 1: Fill pipes in tanks whose vapor space under
theexpected range of operating conditions is not in the flammable range
oris inerted need not meet this requirement.
3. Anti-syphon holes or other mechanisms must be provided to prevent
reverse flow from down pipes.*** (Applies retroactively at all Ecolab
sites)***
4. Valves at storage tanks, as required by and their connectionsto the tank
shall be of steel or ductile iron, except asprovided for below.
5. Valves at storage tanks shall be permitted to be other than steel or ductile
iron where the chemical characteristics of the liquid stored are not
compatible with steel or where the valves are installed internally to the
tank. Valves installed externally to the tank shall be permitted to be other
than steel or ductile iron if the material of construction has a ductility and
melting point comparable to steel or ductile iron and is capable of
withstanding the stresses and temperatures involved in fire exposure or the
valves are otherwise protected from fire exposures, such as by materials
having a fire resistance rating of not less than 2 hours.
6. For tanks inside buildings storing Class I, Class II and Class IIIA liquids
with bottom discharge lines, one of the following must be provided.***
a) A normally closed, remotely activated valve or
b) An automatic closing heat activated
7. An approved system for fire detection which would trigger the automatic
interruption of filling or discharge operations should be considered.
8. For tanks storing Class I liquids where bottom connections are present:
a) Valves should be kept closed except when liquid is being transferred;
b) For tanks exceeding 38 m3 (10,000 gal), valves should be provided
that are manually controllable from a remote location; and
c) For Class I liquid storage tanks on legs, the legs should be fireproofed
unless sprinklers are provided under the tank.
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J. Fire and Explosion Prevention

1. Operations involving all Class I, Class II, or Class IIIA flammable and
combustible liquids shall be reviewed to ensure that fire and explosion
hazards are addressed by fire prevention, fire control and emergency
action plans.*** (Applies retroactively at all Ecolab sites)***
2. Hazard analysis is required to assess changes. Refer to corporate
Management of Change Policy.*** (Applies retroactively at all Ecolab
sites)***
3. Precautions shall be taken to prevent the ignition of flammable vapours by
sources such as open flames, lightning, hot surfaces, radiant heat,
smoking, cutting and welding, spontaneous ignition, friction heat or sparks,
static electricity, electrical sparks, stray currents, heating equipment. Refer
to Life Critical procedure for controlling hot work.*** (Applies retroactively at
K. Electrical Systems
1. Electrical utilization equipment and wiring shall not constitute a source of
ignition for any ignitable vapor that might be present under normal
operation or because of a spill.
2. All electrical utilization equipment and wiring shall be
of a type specified by and installed in accordance with
NFPA 70, National Electrical Code or equivalent.*** (Applies retroactively at
3. Points 4 and 5 below shall be used to delineate and classify areas for the
purpose of installation of electrical utilization equipment and wiring under
normal operating conditions.*** (Applies retroactively at all Ecolab sites)***
4. For indoor storage systems containing Class I liquids
a) NEC Class 1 Div 1 Zone 0-The entire area associated with such
equipment where flammable gases or vapors are present continuously or
for long periods of time
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b) NEC Class 1Div 1 Zone 1-Area within 5 ft of any edge of such

equipment, extending in all directions
c) NEC Class1 Div 2 Zone 2-Area between 5 ft and 8 ft of any edge of
such equipment, extending in all directions; also, space up to 3 ft above
floor or grade level within 5 ft to 25 ft horizontally
5. For outdoor storage systems containing Class I liquids
a) NEC Class 1 Div 1 Zone 0-The entire area associated with such
equipment where flammable gases or vapors are present continuously or
for long periods of time
b) NEC Class 1Div 1 Zone 1-Area within 3 ft of any edge of such
equipment, extending in all directions
c) NEC Class1 Div 2 Zone 2-Area between 3 ft and 8 ft of any edge of
such equipment, extending in all directions; also, space up to 3 ft above
floor or grade level within 3 ft to 10 ft horizontally.
6. For more detail please refer to NFPA 497 Recommended practices for the
Classification of Flammable Liquids, Gases and Vapours and of Hazardous
(Classified) Locations for Electrical Installations in Chemical Process Areas
L. Fire Protection
1. Where the need is indicated by the hazards of the liquid as determined
through Hazard Analysis, fixed fire protection shall be provided to prevent
or minimize the loss from fire and explosion according to NFPA 30 6.7***
2. A written emergency action plan that is consistent with
available equipment and personnel shall be established to respond to fires
and related emergencies. The plan shall include the requirements of NFPA
30 6.8*** (Applies retroactively at all Ecolab sites)***.
3. Where fixed fire protection systems are provided, equipment must be
properly maintained and inspected. Water based fire protection systems
shall be inspected, tested and maintained according to NFPA 25
M. Management of Security
1. Operations involving all Class I, Class II, or Class IIIA flammable and
combustible liquids shall be reviewed to ensure that security vulnerabilities
identified during the security vulnerability analysis (SVA) are addressed in
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a facility security program, with corresponding fire prevention and

emergency action plans and drills. Refer to NFPA 30 6.10.*** (Applies
N. Inspection and Maintenance of Storage Tanks

1. Each storage tank constructed of steel must be inspected and maintained
in accordance with API Standard 653, Tank Inspection,Repair, Alteration,
and Reconstruction, STI SP001, Standard for the Inspection of
Aboveground Storage Tanks or EEMUA 159 Maintenance and Inspection
of Above Ground Vertical Steel Cylindrical Storage Tankswhichever is
applicable.*** (Applies retroactively at all Ecolab sites)***.
2. Each storage tank constructed of other materials must be inspected and
maintained in accordance with the manufacturers instructions and
applicable standards to ensure compliance with the requirements of this
standard. *** (Applies retroactively at all Ecolab sites)***.
3. Each storage tank must be maintained liquidtight. Each storage tank that
is leaking shall be emptied of liquid and repaired. *** (Applies retroactively
at all Ecolab sites)***.
4. Storage tanks and their appurtenances, including normal vents, emergency
vents, overfill prevention devices, and related devices, must be inspected
and maintained to ensure that they function as intended in accordance with
written procedures. *** (Applies retroactively at all Ecolab sites)***.
5. Facilities with aboveground storage tanks must establish and implement a
procedure to check for and remove water from the bottom of storage tanks
that contain non-miscible liquids.*** (Applies retroactively at all Ecolab
sites)***.
V. PERMITS
VI. AUDITS
VII. TRAINING
A. Hazard Awareness
Date:
22 Jan 2015
Page 17 of 18
Revision:Final

PS-ST-001
Global Supply Chain
PROCESS SAFETY
1. General flammable and combustible liquid hazard awareness and

recognition training must be provided annually to all site employees.***
(Applies retroactively at all Ecolab sites)*** The training should include
a) Properties of flammable and combustible liquids
b) Site inventory of specific flammable and combustible liquids
c) Required response to hazardous event involving flammable and
combustible liquids
d) Appropriate elements of the Site Emergency Response Plan dealing
with spills and fire involving flammable and combustible liquids
2. Training regarding specific response action to hazardous events involving
the bulk storage of flammable and combustible liquids must be provided to
all employee emergency response personnel annually. .*** (Applies
3. Consideration should be given to conducting annual exercises for the
response to emergencies involving fire with bulk flammable and
combustible liquid storage systems.
VIII. DOCUMENTATION
IX. REFERENCES
A. NFPA 30 Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code
B. NFPA 77 Recommended Practice on Static Electricity
Date:
22 Jan 2015
Page 18 of 18
Revision:Final

PS-ST-001
Global Supply Chain
PROCESS SAFETY
X. REVIEWS AND UPDATES

Revisio
n
0
Date
Change
Revise
d by
Reviewed
by
Approved
1/22/15
New Ecolab Standard
K.Hahn
TRC
B. Ballard

Flammables Bulk Storage Standard Draft r9

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Bulk Storage of Flammable and

Bulk Storage of Flammable and

engineering evaluation conducted in accordance with NFPA 30 justifies following the

Bulk Storage of Flammable and

Bulk Storage of Flammable and

G. Protection for Exposures-Fire protection for structureson property adjacent to liquid

a) 10 ft. (3 m)from property line and 2.5 ft.(.76 m) from important

c) 40 ft.(12 m) from property line and 10 ft.(3 m) from important

Bulk Storage of Flammable and

Bulk Storage of Flammable and

d) Storage of Class IIIB liquids inside a building protected byan approved

C. Design Standards for Storage Tanks

Bulk Storage of Flammable and

the following standardsshall be deemed as meeting the requirements of

D. Normal Tank Venting

Bulk Storage of Flammable and

of the tank or vessel. Meansshall also be provided to prevent overpressure

E. Emergency Relief Venting

Bulk Storage of Flammable and

2. For vertical tanks, the emergency relief venting construction referred to in

Bulk Storage of Flammable and

4. Floor of bund or tank pad should be sloped to prevent the accumulation of

Bulk Storage of Flammable and

the emergency addition of an inhibitor (per Ecolab or supplier

H. Loading and unloading systems

Bulk Storage of Flammable and

I. Pipework and Valves

Bulk Storage of Flammable and

1. The design, fabrication, assembly, test, and inspection of piping systems

Bulk Storage of Flammable and

J. Fire and Explosion Prevention

Bulk Storage of Flammable and

b) NEC Class 1Div 1 Zone 1-Area within 5 ft of any edge of such

Bulk Storage of Flammable and

a facility security program, with corresponding fire prevention and

N. Inspection and Maintenance of Storage Tanks

Bulk Storage of Flammable and

1. General flammable and combustible liquid hazard awareness and

Bulk Storage of Flammable and

X. REVIEWS AND UPDATES

New Ecolab Standard

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