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Confederate Swords
The
&
Whitney
CONFEDERATE
EDGED
WEAPONS
by
WILLIAM
Illustrated by
A.
ALBAUGH
III
CARL J. PUGLIESE
Publishers
New
York
Printed
in the
All rights
No part
in
in this
of the book
may
be used or reproduced
embodied
in critical articles
and
New
reviews.
For
& Brothers
York 16, N. Y.
DEDICATION
'To
my
the late
very
good friend
Richard D. Steuart
CONTENTS
PAGE
Acknowledgments
The
Foreword: A.
part
I.
II.
Identification of Confederate
Edged Weapons xv
Comparable Value
B.
part
xiii
115
119
C.
swords
PIKES AND LANCES
BAYONETS
D.
KNIVES (bowies)
168
A.
B.
III.
part
xxi
145
162
Weapons
181
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS / IX
LIST
The weapons
depicted were
drawn roughly
PAGE
FIGURES
FOREWORD
1.
2.
3.
Edged Weapon
Plate, U.S.
I.
5.
+
(C +
sword
sword (C)
sword (D +)
6.
Boyle
7.
Boyle
8.
Boyle
9.
Boyle,
10.
Boyle,
11.
Boyle,
12.
Boyle,
13.
Boyle,
14.
Boyle,
15.
16.
17.
sword
sword (C)
Confederate States Armory, officer's sword (C)
Confederate States Armory, cavalry sabre (E +)
Confederate States Armory, naval cutlass (E + )
James Conning, field officer's sword (C)
James Conning, cavalry sabre (D + )
James Conning, artillery sabre (D + )
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
xviii
(D + )
Gamble,
Gamble,
Gamble,
xvii
4.
&
&
&
xvi
field officer's
foot officer's
foot officer's
9
11
13
officer's
Cook &
Cook &
Cook &
officer's
15
15
16
16
17
sabre (C)
20
+
(C +
21
officer's
(D+
Co., naval cutlass (D +
Brother, sabre bayonet (E +
Courtney & Tennant, naval cutlass (D +
Brother, naval cutlass
14
21
22
26
27
29
31
32
33
36
37
37
39
X / LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
42.
43.
C.
44.
45.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
71.
Hammond,
Isaac
&
E. J. Johnston, presentation
E. J. Johnston, foot officer's
40
41
42
43
46
47
51
52
55
60
61
61
62
63
64
(D + )
65
68
70
71
72
74
75
78
79
80
81
84
85
86
86
88
91
93
95
96
97
98
99
99
101
104
105
105
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS / XI
72.
73.
W. Walsoneid, noncommissioned
74.
75.
PART
II.
(D + )
officer's
107
sword (C)
108
109
110
76.
122
77.
123
78.
124
85.
86.
87.
79.
80.
81.
82.
83.
84.
Naval
Foot
officer's
125
officer's
126
126
127
128
129
130
on guard (C + )
131
88.
89.
90.
134
137
97.
98.
Foot
artillery
99.
Foot
artillery
91.
92.
93.
94.
95.
96.
131
132
134
135
136
137
138
139
pommel
140
140
(C)
141
100.
101.
103.
Naval
Naval
Naval
104.
105.
157
106.
157
107.
Retractable pike (C
108.
102.
109.
110.
111.
cutlass,
cutlass,
flat
"C.S.N."
"C.S.N."
in
142
guard
142
in
cutlass, believed to
design (E)
stars (B)
143
144
156
158
159
161
164
164
xii
/ LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
165
114.
115.
167
116.
bayonet (C +
Bowie with heavy brass knuckle guard (C +
Bowie with flat brass knuckle guard (C + )
Bowie with heavy iron "D" guard (D +
Bowie with heavy iron guard (D + )
Side knife with walnut grip (D + )
Bowie with ivory grip (C + )
171
177
125.
126.
Dirk,
112.
113.
117.
118.
1
19.
120.
121.
122.
123.
124.
made
in
166
166
like a
Winchester (D +
172
172
173
174
175
176
177
179
179
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
No
book
is
book
Baltimore, Md.;
M. Hume
Hermann
Tenn.
In addition to the above, the author wishes to extend thanks to those whose
ideas
and
They are:
N.J.; John L.
W. Herbert
Hugh
more, Md.; Robert Berryman, East Point, Ga.; William A. Bond, Vernon,
Texas; William J. Boylhart, Whittier,
Calif.;
Major
J.
Spring, Md.;
V. Cremonin,
Tom
Goldstein,
man
New
xiil
XIV /
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Tom
Lombard,
Parvin,
Va.;
Ray
C.
111.;
Bud
Meade
Herman
W.
Stephen, Oxford, Ala.; Mrs. Clayton Torrence, Richmond, Va.; Miss India
Thomas, Richmond, Va.; Lee Wallace, Arlington, Va.; Major Charles West,
Wilton, Conn.; Robert Wheeler, Baltimore, Md.; Adrian P. Wilson, Memphis,
Tenn.; Ken Wyatt, Granite City, 111.; and The Hon. Ralph W. Yarborough,
Tyler, Texas.
Bob
less
known
to
arms
enthusiasts:
Parks.
his excellent
grace his
own
made
much of
Hume Parks, of the Tennessee Gun Collector's Association, has long felt
organizations such as the one of which he
to the betterment of not only their
this
is
that
own members
fakes,
encouragement and assistance to persons such as myself engaged in new publications. I am very proud to be a member of the organization which Hume
heads.
FOREWORD /
FOREWORD
The
Identification
the most common question asked by the collector new to the field of
Southern edged weapons is: "How can a Confederate sword be distinguished from a Yankee?" The only true answer to this question is, of
course, "Experience." Lacking this, there are certain guides the initiate
may
I
follow.
infallible
answer
to
the above question which can be applied not only to swords but to any
my
friend,
my
friend says he
is.
It is
Figure
Southern-made sword.
XV
SWORDS
cbAp-Pw-
JF\
PJUITB ZS.
Courtesy
Fig 1.
Edged Weapon
Plate, U.S.
Smithsonian Institution,
Washington,
DC.
FOREWORD A /
Figure 2.
mounted
troops.
they
The weapon
By 1840 the Dragoons had increased to three regiments and in that year the War
Department adopted for their use a new model sabre.
With this model we are concerned. It is now known as
the Heavy Cavalry (Dragoon) Sabre, Model 1840.
This weapon conformed closely to the French light
cavalry model of 1822. The 35|-inch blade is distinctly
curved, 1 inch wide at the guard and flat on the back.
Each side of the blade contains two fullers, one wide
cavalry sabre of 1822.
The
point.
ricasso
end of the
fuller
comes
to a full right-
and
is
shaped with a
cone
The
knuckle bow
is
guard
is
rests
slight
The
grip
is
somewhat cone-
curve forward.
after
which
it
is
at the top,
cavalry."
The
and
ricas-
sos of these
side)
The reverse (back) ricasso contains the manufacturer's name and year of manufacture. The scab-
officer.
is
initials.
Fig. 2. U.S.
Model 1840
Cavalry Sabre,
xvii
xviii
FOREWORD A
Model
860
"The
and the
entire
light saber
weapon was
lightened.
the
essentially like
is
Another difference
lies
its
in the grips
however, the
predecessor."
The blade
No cord is used.
is
specimen shown
in three lines.
*98I
sri
is
The
ricasso
on the
The "U.S."
is,
nrnrr*
p.:
of the manufacturer,
"Ames Mfg.
<%2%jULUU%
place the
Model 1860
Fig. 3.
listed the
as set
made willfully so
that in years to
come
collectors
would
FOREWORD A
without any
fullers.
rolled,
The
2.
blades of
and by holding
the unevenness
at
many were
literally
made
and
irregularities of
fullers
fiat
down
fullers.
The grips may be wrapped with oilcloth rather than leather. Where
3.
leather
is
used,
it is
is
The
4.
even
grips
may be wound
of brass, copper or
iron.
The
5.
the back
6.
round
in cross section
found
in the
the guard
The branches on
pletely
up from the
is
con-
Union weapons.
without decoration.
8.
The
may
flaws.
9.
Roman
numbers may be found on blade, guard or pomthree. However, just because a sword is so marked
or Arabic
mel, sometimes on
all
mean
10.
Contrary
that
to belief,
it is
Confederate.
Many
12.
Any
century handiwork
13.
not the
1860s.
as
side,
found on the
Yankee models.
14.
throat,
to include
drag and the carrying rings as well as the ring mounts. Some
/ XIX
XX / FOREWORD A
None
of the above are infallible guides, but they at least are indica-
and a bit more scientific than listening for the strains of "Dixie."
It might also be well to remember that because of unstopped fullers and
apparent absence of makings, many English, French or other foreign
blades are mistaken for Southern. Although it sometimes takes a bit of
looking to find, many foreign edged weapons contain a proof mark of
some sort either on the blade or guard, which feature is not known to
tions,
FOREWORD B /
FOREWORD
Comparable Value
the field of Confederate edged weapons is a new one for most collectors.
To date little has been written on the subject, the only known publication being a small booklet entitled Confederate Swords which appeared in
1951. Good as far as it went, present-day knowledge has caused it to be-
come obsolete.
Arms collecting seems to pass through various phases. In the 1920s the
most desirable of all weapons were the Kentucky rifles, followed by
military shoulder arms. Handguns ran a poor third and edged weapons
could scarcely be given away. The depression years saw an increasing interest in handguns, due, I believe, to the fact that homes were then made
smaller and such items could be displayed in less space than shoulder
arms. Then too, there was considerable difference in the expense of
crating and shipping a pistol compared with that of a long gun, and
in those
Now, we
new home
has a "rec" room and, in addition, most collectors have what they term a
Xxi
xxii /
FOREWORD B
and
in price
which included type, style, period, etc. The publication of Harold Peterson's excellent book American Swords aroused considerable interest in the
edged weapon field and has now enabled the dealer to list his sword sim-
ply as
prices, incidentally,
on the weapon. To a
to the
knowledge available
how
of
lesser
degree
this
sell
from $125
to $200, regardless
it still
when
all
this
is
price ladder.
Many
consider value and price as being one and the same, forgetting that value
usually remains constant, while prices constantly change, being depend-
ent
me
moment,
On
etc.
Far be
it
from
it is
has arbitrarily
set
"values" to
to the
E. Lee.
cannot attempt
to
of this book,
put a "price" on
its
this
value relative to
Under
the
"B"
FOREWORD B / xxiii
documentation
to establish
suf-
by etching or engraving prove the fact beyond question. These can fall
into a plus or minus category depending upon: (a) who carried the
Confederate only by
as
style
this
same
fall
could be an "F"
Southern
From
soldier.
remembered,
however, that swords, bowies, bayonets and pikes each have their
scale of value.
own
as a
classification.
fall
and
to various
weapons
in
XXIV /
FOREWORD B
In the 1860s the only ones interested in collecting swords were the
Ordnance Departments of the United and Confederate States respectively. The department heads had no difficulty in assigning both a price
and a value to various weapons, this figure representing what they had
to
pay
to get them.
and
be interesting. This information has been taken from the U.S. and C.S.
Army
Regulations of 1863.
Type
Cavalry sabres
United States
5.50
Foot
artillery
Confederate
$14.00
10.00
5.50
11.00
4.00
8.00
4.00
8.00
no price given
new
Army
no price given
5.50
Army
$7.50
Army
Regulations
10.00
listed the follow-
geant's swords, Prussian; foot officer's swords, 30^ inches; foot officer's
swords,
new
pattern, 32 inches;
and
No
prices are
PARTI
Introduction
At
this late
date
it is
on the number of firms and persons who supplied the Confederacy with various types of edged weapons.
list
what information
is
would embrace
The
It is
at least a
supposed,
thousand
The
source
list
is
of those
pitifully small
to their
CONTENTS / 3
CONTENTS
page
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
23
30
34
&
16.
Halfmann
17.
Hammond,
18.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
&
47
50
54
unknown) (swords)
65
C. (address
Campbell
43
44
&
38
41
56
63
64
cutlasses)
19.
19
Co. (Isaac
Co.),
(swords)
66
69
72
76
82
87
25.
Palmetto Armory
26.
Co.),
90
93
4 / CONTENTS
27.
28.
29.
JO.
31.
32.
Thomas, Griswold & Co. (T. G. & Co.), New Orleans, La. (all
TYPES OF EDGED WEAPONS)
94
Tredegar Iron Works, Richmond, Va. (swords)
100
Virginia Armory (Virginia Manufactory), Richmond, Va. (swords) 102
107
109
110
L.
1.
(swords)
Figure 4
SG^-mch
blade,
1%
tapers to a width of
the
diamond cross
section. The blade is well etched with vines and "L.
Bissonnet, Maker, Mobile, Ala." on the reverse, and
"Patria Honneur" (Honor to the Fatherland) on the
obverse. The grip of wood is leather-covered, wound
with 12 turns of twisted brass wire. The brass guard
then to a point.
tip,
conforms closely
Model
style,
mel
1840,
It
to the
which
has a modified
in turn
undecorated. Scabbard
is
of brass, leather-
The weapon
has an over-
sword of
this description
is
to
be found in the
and
is
known
to
Some
L.
authorities
Bissonnet
predated
the
Confederacy by about
10 years.
BISSONNET / 5
2.
(bayonets)
Figure 5
to
in 1861, the
South
The
daily
contains
Richmond Examiner
the
(then, Colonel
following
of
May
advertisement
Commanding) Jubal A.
29,
of
1861,
General
Early:
It
is
a great mistake
weapon
that
must be
relied
on and
it
It is
the
"Proclamation" of October
"No
rifle,
double-barreled gun
page
45.)
officers
it
labeled a
or received a draft
Charles Borum,
bayonet for shotgun (B +
Fig. 5.
army
card whose "Greetings" made no
war by our
leaders)
carry with
we
whole
piece; but in
lot farther
from
responsibility to his
are now, a
enlisting,
damage upon
inflict
In
the enemy.
year of 1960
this
we seem
to
when
1860s,
ideals of the
came
in to enlist
received
Many
attempts were
double-barreled
Haiman &
shotguns
to
this
fit
with
fowling pieces or
bayonets.
Both
L.
&
Rigdon advertised
type of arm. Such attempts, how-
bayonets for
ever,
made
successful,
perhaps because
had
game,
This
is
as
soon as
Rebellion Record,
page 175,
"Of
states:
arms surrendered
at Fort
shotguns, hunting
rifles
awkward-appearing
an
is
rifle.
contraption
shotgun
exist,
as a
this
name "Capt.
bearing the
is
known
Charles Borum,
&
to
It is
Lee Museum,
Lexington, Va.
Boyle
3.
&
MacFee
(Mitchell
&
&
Tyler),
Richmond, Va.
in
is
"mysteries."
at
the difference
One
any) between
(if
& Gamble
ently,
there
manufacture.
being
To
resemblance
little
date
it
is
style
of
in
is
not
if
there
now
was some
apparent.
Figure 6
Taken
the operation
of Boyle
& Gamble
BOYLE
common
called
is
letters
"C.S." on a ribbon
encircled
by a
the counter-
star.
in the guard.
number stamped on
guard, on the pommel where it
anyone
as well (if
guard). As this
is
no
consistently found to be
digits, the
idea of
its
being a
serial
reflecting the
discounted.
from
number
number,
is
More than
likely
it
is
either applied to a
component
On
parts
which were
all
hand-fitted.
is
usually
flag,
and
this in
some
Davis, or
or Death."
The
star
which
is
is
it
does not, any more than the ear of corn which also
It is
significance one
way
or the other.
no particular
Many
with the
Mitchell
"Boyle
&
Mitchell
&
Tyler.
&
Boyle
& Gamble,
staff
& GAMBLE / 9
Richmond
Dispatch
much
military equipment:
Arms
for Volunteers.
rifle, rifled
fine
navy
pistols,
article at a
low
also
price.
belts,
with buttons,
trimming
laces,
binding and
biding,
necessary
all
for uniforms.
The name
is
swords,
officer's
of "Mitchell
&
Tyler,
Richmond, Va."
War
period.
The grip of
wound with 7
most conform
to this style.
is
of leather,
Coleman
and
C. G.
Co.
C,
skin
The scabbards
of
all
gilt
wrapped
in shark-
wire.
made by
the
They
seam sewed
at
the top.
The
what appears
knuckleguard has no
slot for
The
casting
to
is
be copies
crude, the
sabreknot, and no
num-
wooden
BOYLE
& GAMBLE /
Figure 7
Although the
staff officer's
Gamble appears
also
its
common
most
made
standard of
&
varieties.
that conforms
They
to
the
this period.
Stars
flag,
Some
blade decorations.
Gamble" on one
Va." on the
The
design.
trace
other.
The guards
and "Richmond,
of white,
brown with a
are
on
leaf decoration
&
their
with a
number
sented to "Capt. J.
August, 1863."
The
indicates that
Mitchell,
S.
is
in a private
it
was pre-
by Company E,
some of which
described.
differ
One known
field officer's
sword of the
On
this particular
been altered
letters
to
appear
wound with
federate
sword the
"U"
to
in the
guard has
be "C.S."
twisted
gilt
manufacture,
having
single
unstopped
Fig. 7.
Boyle
& Gamble,
11
fuller,
as
do
swords by
all
manufacturer.
& Gamble"
with "Boyle
finely etched
this
on the
It
is
ricasso,
who know
of
Winder
is
The scabbard
is
he apparently did.
mounts.
made by
Boyle
& Gamble
is
that
it
is
on swords
very lightly
and
In a private collection
ried
at
by Julian
Lucca,
Allusi.
is
educated as a
priest,
Royal Academy.
He came
first
to
and
finally
Richmond, Va.
At the outbreak of war he enlisted for one year as
a private in the Virginia Rifles on April 21, 1861,
ended
in
At the expiration of
lieutenant in
Militia,
The
and
hilt
Company K,
so served
however,
enlistment he
became a
consists of a flat
somewhat
this
&
The pommel,
Gamble, with ornamented laurel leaf fore edge, and its casting matches
exactly another sword which contains the firm's name
is
typically Boyle
BOYLE
is
of rosewood with a
and a
strip of the
& GAMBLE /
German
same metal
The
is
an 18-pointed oval,
33-inch blade
is
also of
slightly
German
curved, finely
and Bars
It
flags,
floral decorations.
Fig. 8.
Boyle
& Gamble,
13
the
but
letters,
The
Some
fullers
and pommel.
The illustrated piece carries a "34," stamped on the
top of the pommel. Scabbards for these weapons are
ber
is
&
in raised
10
Gamble &
MacFee, foot
officer's
(D
sword
name and
firm's
sabre
this
Figure
Almost
identifying
marks
is
The
BOYLE
Gamble
& MacFee,
cavalry
officer's sabre (D
turned-down guard,
so distinctive of Boyle,
this firm
at
this
it
to
be a
in
his collection
noncommissioned
made by
suppose
The author
to
Gamble &
officer's
It
down
had no branches.
Fig.
1.
Boyle, Gamble
cavalry sabre
& MacFee,
(E
& GAMBLE /
15
An
wound with
single-strand
wire.
This
having a stud
for a frog.
Figure
today's
fullers, 15
The blade
collector.
inches long,
semi-clipped point.
1%
The
is
flat,
without
grip
is
finely
Gamble &
MacFee, noncommissioned
officer's sword (E +
)
Gamble &
(B
is
19%
inches.
BOYLE
Figure 14
marked with
encountered
the firm's
of all
name,
is
the most
Confederate bayonets.
fullers,
or
flat
It is
found
yataghan blade
unstopped
commonly
made with
with no fuller at
all.
All
On
fit
the female
Gamble &
(C)
The
& GAMBLE /
17
and the
&
serial.
not plentiful.
The
all
be
in
Richmond, Va.
in question are
manuRichmond, Va.,
factory
is
&
saw-manufacturing business
Burger" engaged
at the
in the
Arch
A
of
streets.
May
beating
who
the
number of seven or
watchman stationed there
to the
tember
2,
1861.
The
Dispatch,
September
advertisement of "Boyle
1862,
24,
Gamble &
contains an
Co., sword
manu-
same period of time witness their bayonet "adapter" which bears the patent date of September 2, 1861. Thus, both firms must have been
operating at one and the same time. Possibly, they
were one and the same, Boyle & Gamble selling only
to individuals and outfitters such as Mitchell &
during
this
Gamble
& MacFee
attended only
government contracts.
to
On December
9,
Harvey
profits of
& Gamble
Boyle
at SI 8,000.
4.
l.
Cunningham of
activities to aid
began
Tenn.,
Nashville,
his
June
Cunningham and
29,
1861,
War
from
We
promise
to
known
Hill,
this
advance
which became
swords and
sabres of various
which
closely resembles those made by the Nashville Plow
Works, the guards being the same but without the
name "Nashville Plow Works" in the design. It does
kinds.
is
a cavalry sabre
in consistently
is
It
having
leather-
covered,
ferrule
back with a
single
flat
to
Another cavalry sabre made by Cunningham conforms closely to the regulation U.S. two-branched
model of 1840.
It is
fullers)
"C.S.A." and
This sabre
is
Item #180
flag,
"A. A. Dysant."
in the Battle
Abbey
collec-
(E
Figure 16
is
which
is
not known.
The scabbard
iron (brazed),
is
brass-mounted.
Figure
ningham is an
ably common,
officer's
is
made by Cun-
most desirable.
It
is
very
light, its
Fig. 17.
officer's
is
so small that
it
can be
The guard
the Nashville
"C.S.A."
is
It
manufactured by
undecorated pommel
is
is
Governor Harris.
Figure
foot officer's
sword by Cunningham
is
here pic-
without
fullers
but
is
Fig. 18.
College
Hill
Arsenal,
it
is flat,
for
Tennessee Infantry,
the
Yankees
February
Sandusky,
Island,
and imprisoned
1862,
16,
Ohio,
at
September,
Johnson's
1862,
later
Delaware on July 20, 1863, exchanged March 10, 1864, and killed in action near
Marietta, Ga., June 22, 1864. Lieutenant Bowers
transferred to Fort
on
May
Army
at Nashville,
Tenn.,
22, 1861.
Cunningham
also
made
field officer's
swords very
ward) surrounded by
The weapon
floral designs.
is
on either
side. It
is
The scabbards
a sword
is
specimen of such
As Nashville
1862,
fell
in operation for
weapons
still
extant,
number
of his
armory.
Carolina
follows:
wrote
to
General
Anderson,
C.S. A.,
as
weapon and
company
says a
or regiment
armed with
it
The
wrote
March
Governor Clark
the Confederate Secretary of War, Judah
following year,
to
Benjamin:
P.
We
Spruill's
effort
prices,
of
the Rebellion,
Vol.
1,
Part
who posed
Eastvan,
4,
as
nor money.
We
did
but three-fourths of
(Official Records
of
the
War
page 987.)
from the
perils of
the South,
supposedly an account of
his
safe
Pictures from
adventures as
Baron Munchausen
The
affair
came
to
shame.
Richmond
to
all
He
cheated
his
partner out of
factory
March
12,
had
about
his
would be operated by himself alone. Thereafter he moved to Kenansville, N.C., and continued
operations under the name of Confederate States
Armory, although his business had no official connection with the government, other than on a conbusiness
tract basis.
The Confederate
Armory operated
States
by Federal raiders
destroyed
we have
Fortunately
duction during
this
the
in
until
of 1864.
fall
its
pro-
Froelich
L.
&
1861, to
1,
March
1,
produced:
Kenansville,
Co.,
1864, "Messrs.
3,700
600
navy
swords),
800
cutlasses,
of infantry
1,700 sets
(short
cutlasses
artillery
accoutrements,
300
it
The
may have
last official
indicated.
dated June
7,
1864,
Armory,
addressed
L. Froelich
to
&
Co.,"
Captain James
"Yours of June
1st
received.
In reply
would
re-
you that I received about the beginning of February last, an order from Colonel Brown
through Mayor Taylor to discontinue the manufac-
spectfully inform
ture of knapsacks.
What
letter
is
to
be found
in
our
Chapter
4.
Figure
Of all
the arms
made by
an
officer's
Confederate arms.
The
although actually
is
The guard,
fuller.
cast,
attractive of all
sword, and
has no
slot for
letters
"C.S.A."
The
sabre knot.
wire.
guard.
The
is
is
also appears
it
on the brass throat of the red-lacquered metal scabbard, which has brass ring mounts but iron rings and
drag.
sword
"XXII" and
as
is
bears
described
The
etching
Roman numeral
floral designs.
is
is
made
so
out
The scabbard
of
Figure
Fig.
20
Noted
odd that
to date
identified.
It
takes
sabre as
crude
pommel
and
brass-
improbable that
marking
it
is
applies in
it
The
any way
to the total
a certain period
say,
week or a month.
An
follows
and
all
examined adhere
closely
to
is
as
these
on either end.
Guard
Over-all
length,
41%
inches.
with
of brass
is
The leather-wrapped
counterguard.
grip
is
is
ring mounts.
Only marks:
The
"XXXI"
on
side of
were red-lacquered.
In the writer's collection
is
B.
of Kempsville,
Foster
Princess
Anne
brimmed black
a sword from
its
scabbard.
pommel cap
Another sabre of
collection in
carried
Company
known
this
officer
senior
C, 3rd Confederate
as Presstman's Battalion.
type
is
in the Battle
Abbey
Company F, 4th
company bugler. The 4th Virginia
by Charles H.
Virginia Cavalry,
Powell,
distinction of having
B. Stuart to
try
first
made by
bine as
S.
Va.
The
similarity
officer's
is
marked, both
is
wake of
that superb
Army
of Northern Virginia.
Figure 21
Other weapons of
identified,
L.
field,
permanently housed
Battle
following:
Item
(Kenansville,
straight
home
in the
Abbey. Included
in
this
21
inches
double-edged blade,
1%
it
is
of the Society at
collection
N.C?)
wooden
overall,
are
the
cutlass
16
inch
guard,
grip.
Somewhat
one in a private
is
its
double-edged blade
Its
is
simi-
18 14
inches long,
inches
cutlass.
The
grip
base of which
is
a copper washer
the blade tang
is
is
is
set at the
peened.
is
no pommel, but
The scabbard
is
most un-
and
Two
entirely
iron carry-
is
a very
lists
James
Conning as a New York silversmith circa 1840. Conning was first brought to the writer's attention in
connection with a typical sword of the period 1835,
grip, eagle's-head
The
pommel and
leather scabbard
had
The
reverse bore the engraved name "J. H. Carr." The
blade was stamped with the number "20." The meaning of the engraving is not known but obviously the
sword was not made in 1776.
Since this weapon appeared, some 30 or 40 years
ago, a number of other swords by Conning have become known. A peculiarity seems to be that many
bear the maker's name on the scabbard throat and
another name on the obverse side.
Figure
22
JAMES CONNING/ 31
"C.S."
in
rose pattern.
stopped
29%
fuller
The blade
on either
inches long.
is
side,
The guard
of brass, as
The
is
is
the
pom-
decorated with a
leather-covered grip
is
wound
metal scab-
"Made
lines. One
is
for
Fig.
officer's
sword
(C)
Conning
also
made
foot officer's
to standard.
One
in a
private
unstopped
pommel
is
fuller
are of brass,
on
either side.
itself.
The
reserve
is
"Made by
engraved:
staff of
General
killed.
would appear that Conning was under no contract on officer's swords, but made and sold them
privately. However, he was under contract with the
State of Alabama for both artillery and cavalry sabres.
It
Figure
23
curved blade,
wide.
flat
Conning has
back, unstopped
The 5%-inch
brass
fullers,
a 36-inch
l
/8 inches
The
obverse of
JAMES CONNING / 33
'31I90N
' ?>
pommel
wound with
the
is
is
The scabbard
type" throat.
The
of leather,
is
is
of
and "boat
noted to be
Figure
An
artillery
sabre
State of Alabama
which
is
is
24
made under
pictured. It has a
28%-inch blade
on either
side. It
is
artillery
pommel are of
brass, the former being stamped with the number
"51," as shown. The obverse is stamped "State of
Ala." and the date "1862." The all-iron scabbard is
braze-welded. In the Battle Abbey collection, Richartillery
is
an
number "127."
The
Of
"Virginia Conning,
side
wound with
Davis Ave., 2
Mobile,
widow
1873,
known. The
is
lists
as
follows:
W. Ann
St."
which appeared
in
local
Mobile
and Water
set.
Sts."
corner, residence 2
7.
Cook
&
W. Ann
Brother,
St.,
New
Orleans, La.,
(cutlasses, swords
and
bayonets)
in june, 1861,
Ferdinand
W.
arm
to
such a
full
com-
On
April
1,
was secured
rifles
New
Orleans
fell
last
About 500
was capable of
producing 600 rifles and/or carbines per month,
although this production was never realized.
Major Ferdinand Cook formed an "Armory Guard,"
which was called out at the battle of nearby Griswoldville, Ga., in November, 1864. In December, 1864,
the Major was killed at the head of his troops at
Goose Pond, S.C.
A number of the rifles, carbines and musketoons
made by Cook & Brother have survived the years.
Only a very few of their edged weapons are known
still to exist. Their triangular bayonets have never
been
the plant
identified.
made
magazine Antique
"The armory also
in the
An
an iron
hilt
made
affairs
to
with
No
to
manufacture
or
pistols
revolvers."
still
extant.
Figure
25
The
ing from
pommel
which ends
to
form a wide
flat
counterguard
fish scales.
is
like
the
top of the
Brother" in
The scabbard
is
Fig.
26.
cutlass
(D+)
r\
Figure
The
26
21%
fuller,
is
his.
The blade
and
1%
wound with
The
inches wide.
grip
is
brown
V^-inch
leather,
There
is
a
is
17
Cook
&
Brother
is
here pictured,
it
made by
constant.
The
made by
fit
rifle
varying
sizes
if
they were
27.
Cook &
sabre bayonet (E
Brother,
&
Courtney
Tennant, Charleston,
S.C. (Robert Mole, Birmingham, England) (See also Firmin & Sons.)
8.
Courtney
Confederate war
is
effort.
considerably to the
The "Courtney"
in the
war George
of the firm
B.
Tennant,
Edward
Tiball,
who
was instrumental
in the
to act
Tennant
cannon
to ship's
of-arms
(fouled
cannon).
this
It
was
he, incidentally,
coat-of-arms,
who
helped design
for
bow
on either side. As furnished the EngGovernment, the guards were of iron (knuckle
unstopped
lish
34%
fuller
&
They
are
stamped
Figure
28
and guard
The
blades, however,
1%
inches wide
on
is
o's-NoisrmvFD
either
side.
1NVNN3J. ? ABNXOnoO
on the obverse
ricasso.
The scabbards
toe,
and stud
Figure
Some few
with
Courtney
&
known
be of
to
The name of
is
are of leather
for frog.
29
Tennant.
One
this type,
in a private collection
name on
is
the
side.
The
scabbard
a rectangle
guards
iron
lines) in
of iron.
The most
&
Tennant
swords are those made by Mole and which conform
desirable of the Courtney
28. Courtney
naval cutlass (D
Fig.
& Tennant,
)
ment
for
any standard.
book devoted
Courtney
&
It
to
is
&
Firmin
firm's
name on
the
Many
Courtney
bearing
&
Tennant on
the
name
of
coat-of-arms
with
either
"C.S."
or
by today's
collector.
Figure
A foot
&
&
ricasso
1
officer's
30
is
here pictured.
in three lines
The blade
is
on the
32 inches long,
The
grip
is
Tennant,
of sharkskin,
&
DEVISME / 41
that
all
the
On
other pur-
was used.
Devisme,
9.
die.
France
Paris,
(swords)
Figure 31
one of the
rarest, if
Museum
in
even
if its
This sword
34 inches
is
its
is
intrinsic
worth,
not small.
in length,
/8
arms and
from
1863."
a marylander,
is
toi et
this
who
in the
helps himself."
The
may
also
South and
Bodley
States
&
made by
E. F.
Navy, which
in addition to the
motto
also bears
high
relief,
floral designs,
draped
figures, a
snake
bearing a
cross.
Fig.
30. Courtney
&
Tennant,
turns of 3 twisted
wires.
gilt
Over-all length
40
is
inches,
arms
in
Richmond, Va.,
finest in existence,
is
the
at
whose home
upon
his benefactor.
Devisme of
number
a
i'4
made
South with
exclusively
for
the
is
their only
is
edged weapon
Confederate inscriptions.
Courtesy Confederate
Museum, Richmond, Va.
DUFILHO / 43
Dufilho,
10.
New Orleans,
La.
(swords)
Figure
except
for
32
left
behind,
little
is
"C.S.,"
(pelican
The
wire.
is
letters
grip
relief the
leather-wrapped,
is
on either
fuller
by
his correct
name.
Fig.
U.
S.
is
one which
closely
wire.
Scabbard
is
officer's
sword
(C)
1 1
Fayetteville
Fayetteville,
Armory,
N.C.
(bayonets)
in
march,
Batt.
1898,
Matthew
P.
Taylor,
in the
Major, 6th
Wilmington (N.C.)
Messenger:
Bell, as architect;
officers
of
was one
of the loveliest spots anywhere in the South, and was very
often visited by strangers from various States and greatly
It
admired.
Handsome
two-story brick
and stone buildings for officers' quarters and the accommodation of the troops adorned the front and sides, while
in the centre, rear and both sides were large commodious
buildings used for the storing of small-arms, fixed
tion,
commissary
and
quartermaster
supplies.
who had
Mr. T.
S.
ammuniIn
the
and machine
Barratt as superintendent,
all
the
rifle
Va., and
Some
command
authorities
its
FATETTEVILLE ARMORY / 45
He became
rifle
machinery.
ill
Colonel F. L. Childs
the close of the
who continued
in
command
until
war
their
up
originally set
and Armory at
the same day that Virginia
On
was sent on
to Fayetteville.
had
sufficient
It
rifle
was said
machinery
at the time
machinery on hand to
if
provided with
250 hands.
Confederate operations at Fayetteville began early.
The Richmond
that "all the
Dispatch on
rifle
June
18, 1861,
commented
at
Fayetteville, N.C.,
tion of
On
guns will
August
9,
same source
states:
rifle
of
its
seizure
by the Federals
in
*r\
33
the
which there
inches, after
rear.
the
There
is
is
in
brass,
hilt
and
with a single
just
above the
Most
are unmarked but some few are stamped "C.S.A." on
the blade with the same die that stamped these initials
on the brass butt plates of the Fayetteville rifles. The
guard. Grip
is
Fig.
sabre bayonet (D +
and tip.
Manufacture of sabre bayonets was discontinued in
the Confederacy as of January 14, 1864, by order of
Adjutant General Samuel Cooper, so it is safe to
assume that all in existence were made between June,
1861, and January, 1864.
FIRMIN
Firmin
12.
&
(swords)
one of the most fascinating books on the Civil War is
Recollections of a Rebel Reefer, written by James Morris
Morgan and published in 1917. Delightfully told, the
story recounts the many adventures which befell
Morgan during that time he was a midshipman in
the Confederate States Navy, and later a colonel in
the Egyptian Army.
Long after the war Colonel Morgan had occasion
to go to Richmond, Va., and while there, visited the
old
home
now known
Confederacy" or
visit:
which
is
as
ladies
in
evacuation
(at the
first
and the
Confederate flag
Stars
Figure
All
Confederate swords
34
are
described by Colonel
Morgan
most beautiful of
the
all
rare,
but the
type
and
blades that were drawn in
is
Besides
one of the
rarest
the cotton,
tobacco,
and Bars flag and Confederate naval coat-ofarms chased on the blade itself and mentioned by
Colonel Morgan, these same motifs (without the flag)
Stars
is
sword
(B
&
SONS / 47
can hang
there
is
and on most,
flat
made
to
engage a
scabbard.
The
grip
scabbard
is
of sharkskin,
is
gilt
The drag
is
formed of
two twisted snakes. All brasswork on sword and scabbard is gold-plated, and the weapon is strikingly
beautiful.
length
is
The
straight blade
is
36 inches.
Some few
&
(two
lines),
the dealer-importer.
Tennant.)
name
on the
ricasso "Firmin & Sons, 153 Strand and 13 Conduit
St., London." Firmin & Sons were military outfitters,
name
is
frequently to be
stamp of "Courtney & Tennant" or the etched name of "Firmin & Sons," the
intricate chasing on the blade and the casting of the
guard appear identical, although of those examined
Whether bearing
the
name
much more
Courtney
&
of Firmin
&
Sons are
Tennant.
It
is
name appears on
the
blade or
guard.
One
tion.
other difference
The blade
federate Stars
is
and Bars
flag,
FIRMIN
a very
handsome
flag which,
tended to be Confederate,
opinion of
It
is
how
is
though doubtlessly
&
in-
is
common one
of today which
was, in
fact,
always square.
In the Confederate
Museum
in
Richmond,
in addi-
tion to Colonel
belonged
to
of the Norfolk
of the
the
"Firmin
&
and Bars
flag while
Commander
the
marking
flag
with
&
One was
by
Captain James C. Bulloch, C.S.N. and the other by
Lodge Colton of the C.S.S. Shenandoah.
The belt buckle depicted is regulation C.S. Navy,
and will be noted to bear also the C.S. Navy coat-ofarms, a fouled anchor superimposed on crossed cannons, the surrounding wreath of cotton and tobacco
leaves. This particular buckle was worn by Commander John Mcintosh Kell at the time he was
Executive Officer of the C.S.S. Alabama, under
Raphael Semmes. After the war Kell became Adju-
from Courtney
Tennant.
carried
One
in
the
SONS / 49
England
admiration of the
as a testimonial of their
engagement
off
ALABAMA
in the
19,
1864."
Jay
P.
mahogany box
Gold,
silver,
its
original
is
hard to
it
13.
(bayonets)
at the time of the Civil War, the capital of the State
of Georgia was located at Milledgeville. Also located
there,
Normal and
was the State Penitentiary. Early in the war this was converted by Governor Joseph E. Brown into a State armory and it
continued to operate in this capacity until burned by
Industrial College,
Brown
in reporting
He
failed to
is
rifles.
said to
The
first
it is
musket made
have contained a
assumed
silver plate
his Excellency,
& ARMORY / 51
types of arms,
house for
for
all
the State
Armory and
its
activities.
There
as a clearing-
although
all
is
no indication that
connected
formerly
with
the
U.S.
Armory and
December
12, 1862,
Georgia had,
at
mand
at
com-
made
at the
One
35
single fuller
on
end
grip (B)
number "127."
Figure
The other
Armory" and
The
the ricasso.
guard, however,
number "16"
"3" on the
brass
36
rifle
The scabbard
mouthpiece and
This bayonet
on
is
hilt.
is
the date
tip,
is
is
Abbey, Item
#215.
not
on
this fact.
examine
1865,
the
was formed to
Penitentiary and
a joint committee
condition
Armory by Wilson's
of
as
the
follows
(Senate
Journal,
The
uuuimuimi
*Z<>><d\-
to
and convicted
the proper employment
in the Penitentiary,
it
who may
will
hereafter be convicted
be necessary
all
Georgia Armory,
sabre bayonet with brass
ing,
grip (B)
Fig. 36.
which has
fallen
wood shop
build-
where
it is
shutters.
It
will
tanyard building.
which
will
probably answer
all
The
workmen and
Penitentiary for the present and for the next two years.
will
The committee
examined
into the condition of the State Armory and find on hand
65,000 pounds of bar iron and a large lot of tools and files
in good condition. They further find that a portion of the
machinery has been so much damaged by burning as to
render
it
without replacing
many
parts of
it
There
is
Penitentiary,
& ARMORY / 53
number
now
of convicts
14.
(pikes)
of the Civil War
Macon
which was
little
on the Central of
Georgia Railroad. This village was founded by Samuel
Griswold, who came to Georgia from Connecticut in
ville,
1814.
its
adopted
his
his
own.
man
to
He was
for
in 1861
call
first
to
if
we
pikes with
from
his
which
to
one of the
arm
War
He was
SAMUEL GRISWOLD / 55
May
pikes.
For
these,
2, for
The
would
said he
The
The
to
&
Gunnison revolvers is
repeat here. Those interested
refer
do.
can
who
Brass-Framed
Confederate
The only
this
Colt
&
material infor-
date
is:
it
has
37
Figure
As
far as
is
known,
all
some
peach-leaf-shaped with diamond
three blades, the center one
3%
and are
10 inches in length,
cross section.
The
staff,
inches.
They
are
down
some 24
"S. Griswold."
While
Fig.
revolver factory at
revolver works.
After the
war
number
New
surplus store in
has for
many
staffs red,
gun
collectors.
Bannerman
heads and mounted
more
salable
gilded the
ends of the
to
fit
were cut
staffs
off at the
information
is
proper angle so as
number
staffs
15.
Louis
Haiman &
Brother,
Columbus, Ga.
'>
weapons
this
be
so, it
bethe
still
exist.
Haiman and
his
this
establishment.
brother Elias
came
to this
an armory and
LOUIS
In
my files
is
assist
the Confederacy.
Haiman made
in 1924:
We
employed over 500 people. The first sabres we made were for
Clanton's Regiment of cavalry from Alabama. We also
made swords for officers. We had two people from Virginia
who were experts in the manufacture of Colt's pistols. They
built machinery to make several parts of these pistols and
we made
of the Colt.
Columbus while
went
Elias
to
Europe
were
The
first
Chickamauga.
handsomest
who was
It is said to
in all the
to
afterward killed
in gold.
Under
the caption
advertised in the
Made
to order: Brass
All tin
We
Sabres, etc.
Guns and
also
Rifles.
On November
ment appeared
17,
in the
1861,
same paper:
Haiman &
Bro.
They
who have
will furnish
as four are
ordered
one
in
down
lot.
in the
Every sword
is
many
tested accord-
manual of War.
Records in
written by L.
Haiman
to
vannah." This
letter,
tassel to the
guard
$23;
artillery
metal
$20;
and
tassel
artillery
swords,
19-inch
blades,
Same
May
2,
$14.
source,
1862,
inquir-
ing:
me
now engaged
me know
you
what your
if
in manufacturing sabres:
and inform what terms you can furnish 8,000
of the cavalry sabres ? Have you any contract with
facilities are:
articles
the State, or
CSA?
LOUIS
Sunday, April
16,
Colum-
occupation,
property
if
restore
to
to
Haiman
his
Haiman
refused to
do and
was razed
to the
September,
ground.
found
1866,
"L.
Haiman &
Bro."
sugar
kettles,
wash
pots,
castings
from 10
made
exchange
to
for
to order.
work
at
and brass
in
known
The
firm of Blount
as the
uary
The
12, 1876, at
which time
it
in
at
Several
exceptionally
38
handsome
swords
by
L.
It
is
"Chicamauga,
&
31st,
1861;
Deo
Nov.
Pensacola,
1862;
The
name
&
22nd
23rd,
The
is
etched
is
beauti-
^%u\^g
fully executed,
to
in
Haiman's
is
skin grip
is
scabbard
is
Museum. This
is
Confederate
also in the
is
same except
appear
The
in the
grip
is
laurel
of leather.
The blade
etched: "C.S.A.,
is
name
midway of
have a
Museum.
C.S.N.
It
is
by Haiman
the one
to
be found etched
on either
Figure
A naval sword
is
B.
side.
39
is
also in the
worn by Captain
Confederate
E.
V. White,
Virginia (better
known
LOUIS
as the Merrimac)
The
Monitor.
single-edged
straight,
is
30%
It
arms,
is
etc.,
contains
and a
the
One
large "C.S.A."
firm's
name and
address.
The
gold-
bard
is
An
wound with
Abbey
Item #187,
In the Battle
39.
L.
1833.
Haiman &
sword (C
The
scab-
is
included in the
40
Abbey
The blade
Fig.
Item #176, is
the old U.S. Dragoon,
collection, their
Fig.
wire.
collection.
Figure
Model
gilt
identical sword,
Battle
twisted
is
40.
slightly curved,
L.
Haiman &
sword
(C)
34 inches
unstopped
One
side
is
fuller
on
either side.
Dawson, presented by
Bro.," the other two panels a floral
L.
Haiman &
The
branches.
The pommel
is
grip.
also in Battle
type
and the knuckle bow has no slot for sabre knot. The
grip is leather-covered and wound with twisted brass
wire. The weapon has an over-all length of 40 inches,
with a 32-inch slightly curved blade, single unstopped
fuller
on either
cannon,
tents,
side.
One
side
is
etched with
side has
S.
On
Confederate
Spear, Columbus,
back
is
"L.
Haiman &
brass-mounted.
Fig.
41
L.
Haiman &
Bro.,
scroll,
Bro."
The scabbard
flat
is
blade
leather,
16.
swords)
Figure
42
is
stopped
The
not manufacturers.
military outfitters,
slender
on either
side.
Each
side
is
etched with
pierced sheet
steel,
the knuckle
bow widening
to
form
The counterguard
is
1 1
steel.
collection in
pommel and
joins a button-type
to
is
The scabbard
is
all
of metal.
Abbey
Some swords
name
&
my
attention.
The
name
firm's
is
most frequently
script
to
this
country
through
stamped "Halfmann
bear
others
&
the
"I" (Infantry)
"Halfmann
&
Taylor,
Montgomery,
bama.)
17.
C.
Hammond
(Address
Unknown)
(swords)
Figure
43
ONOWWVH D
in
jV
8''
t"
number
Model
on either
in the
mond,"
is
is
As
1840.
is
bow
ricasso.
Ham-
The guard
being triangular
in cross
being of
it
found
is
in the
Model
is
Model 1860.
Most bear a "serial" number stamped on
the
The scabbards
is
the under-
not true in
variety,
scribed were
made by
this
name stamped
Hammond
did
make
known
of the
18.
maker or
his
weapons.
(swords)
Figure
44
artillery
first
operating as a junior
& Hayden
partner of Eyland
when
1835,
it
to
business changed to
style
Gregg
&
this firm
when
supplied
it
became
many
fine
pommel
variety
had a knuckle
tree around which was encircled a snake. The back of
the blade was engraved: "Imported by Eyland &
Hayden, Charleston, S.C." Single-shot percussion
pistols are also to be found bearing this firm's name.
Weapons made by (or for) Hayden & Whilden are
not
in
The pommel
"D"
artillery type,
undecorated brass.
and undecorated,
is
of
19.
Isaac,
&
(swords)
not all facets of the Civil War reflect credit upon
those involved and this is a sorry chapter, which a
more charitable person than I would simply refer to
as "war profiteering." My own reference is unprintable. Fully explored by anyone with a strong stomach
and who could stand the smell, the activities of Isaac,
Campbell & Co. would make interesting if distasteful
reading.
in the subject
can piece
to-
ISAAC,
CAMPBELL
&
money from
Rebellion, Series
War
IV, Volumes
or in King
1,
and
3,
of
the
Cotton Diplomacy.
his uncle,
&
Campbell
Co.,
71
Jermyn
Street,
Army
abroad, early
fell
under the
for the
Confederate
company
spell of the
ugly charges in
Isaac,
made
connection.
this
Campbell
&
ing the war. Their contracts were only with the South.
Therefore,
all Civil
be considered
knapsacks,
etc.,
unillustrious
War
Confederate.
etc.
name
Quantities
name can
of buttons,
of these bloodsuckers.
We
are con-
CO. /
67
is
C.S.A.
point,
It
single
unstopped
on either
fuller
side.
It
is
upon
breast
its
stars (one
for
"C. Campbell
guard
&
Co., 71
formed by a thin
is
London." The
plate which widens into
Jermyn
steel
is
St.,
openwork, and
is
in a portion of this
is
an oval on which
The
grip
is
of fish-
skin
Elsewhere in
mann &
this
book
is
close scrutiny
45
sold
by Isaac, Campbell
straight,
&
The
with an un-
stopped
disk.
45. Isaac & Campbell,
cavalry sword (D)
Fig.
fuller
The
grips,
once thought
to
be gutta-percha, are
The scabbard
is
of iron.
The
flat
back of the
E. J.
&
Co."
It is
very similar
identi-
reverse.
Unmarked
20.
E. J. Johnston
no more be called
rifles.
&
Co.,
Macon, Ga.
his
infantry
Remembering
Macon,
jointly.
an
unusual
weapons. The
feature
hilt castings,
in
Confederate
also, suggest
edged
common
source.
Also in
B. P.
Freeman.
A news item
JOHNSTON &
CO.
/ 69
dom
Figure
Sketched
Johnston.
is
46
The blade
is
E. J.
32 inches long, straight and
is
lines), a floral
46. E. J. Johnston,
presentation sword (B
Fig.
E. J.
JOHNSTON &
sword
in question.
The guard
of this sword
officer's type, as
is
the
is
is
of leather,
similar sword
is
Co.,
pommel
cap.
47
Figure
another foot
same general
pattern is in the Smithsonian Institution, Washington,
D.C. It has a 30-inch straight blade, slightly rounded
back, with stopped single fuller on either side. It is
Still
etched with
officer's
sword of
this
floral designs,
brass mounts.
It
is
is
made by
consistently found
to
be
duced by Boyle
etching
"wash."
is
& Gamble
so light as to
be more
in
the form of a
Fig.
47.
E. J.
Johnston,
CO.
/ 71
Figure
A
still
48
us.
These
appear
all
made by Johnston
are
be identical, having a
to
fuller directly
an undecorated
grooves.
The
stamped
in the
disk.
ball
guard
in
very small
letters
is
"E. J.
On
August
2,
Records, Vol. 6,
1862,
it
is
noted
in
Captured Rebel
artillery
swords were
Choctaw
Artillery at
21.
Kraft, Goldschmidt
&
(K. G.
&
Kraft
"
a village, having a
still
all
male
citizens
between
Richland
Rifles,
mostly of
Harper
Rifles,
Columbia
Artillery,
Columbia
Fig.
48.
E. J.
Johnston,
& KRAFT / 73
KRAFT, GOLDSCHMIDT
who
to
for
com-
companies
to
respond to
first
the
the
Guards.
In a town with such a military background
it
would
accouterments.
the
"Bowie
following
knives,
fine
con-
&
Wheellocks and
Adams
barrel guns,
men
rifles
solicited
to
English
Double
repeaters.
Street."
According
On
to
Drug
Store
is
in the
Keenan building was a sword factory run by Kraft, Goldschmidt and Kraft. They made cavalry and straight swords,
the latter being sharp on both sides. They were forged out
shop and ground
an edge on a large
grindstone about six feet in diameter. On one occasion one
of these stones exploded and half of it went through the
in the blacksmith
roof,
street
to
On
Sumter
foundry where the
the
guards for the swords and the trimmings for the scabbards
were
cast.
his
the moulders.
The above
is
blades being
made
His Cavalry
made
is
in
Columbia,
for in
Hampton and
49
sabre, of
in
no
quillon.
Grip
is
The
The
bow
brass knuckle
is
of sharkskin,
Goldschmidt
&
Kraft.
is
The
a peculiarity of Kraft,
inside
of the guard
is
is
of metal
length
is
45 inches
Wade Hampton,
his personal
One was
were
given by
Hampton
to
General Bradley T.
to
General
Two
The
M.
C.
blades
The
identical but the grip, guard and pommel are
typical two-branched cavalry variety. The
(not on exhibit),
blade
49. Kraft, Goldschmidt
Kraft, cavalry sword (E +
of the
Fig.
&
is
scabbard
is
identifies
it
as
&
KRAFT, GOLDSCHMIDT
Kraft weapon,
with the
it
Hampton
one following.
Figure
The
field
best
known of
or staff
50
the K. G.
&
K. swords
is
the
officer's,
edged blade,
single
& KRAFT / 75
The
cutting edge
is
all
blades
knife type,
hilt.
appears standard,
The
it
etch-
consisting
of
and
floral designs.
only frosted.
One
letters
S.C."
"K. G.
&
Etching
is
is
not deep,
etched in large
The counterguard
of brass
is
cast in a design of
bow
where
attaches to the
it
is
Fig.
&
The leather-wrapped
Kraft, officer's
sword (C +
grip
is
wound
is
a brass
the scabbard
is
stated,
The
Abbey
Battle
two swords
#150), and
handsome.
as
collection in
above described
in addition,
It
Richmond contains
(Items #147 and
is
very
name
"Kraft, Goldschmidt
&
etchings.
is
of brass, ornamented
The
pommel
is
formed by a
leather, wire
at the base.
lion's
wound with a
Scabbard
is
head.
The
single-strand,
grip
is
of
thumbstrap
famous "Stonewall"
at the
22.
He
of Cavalry, C.S.A.
18,
Mem-
all
kinds.
We
are
artillery cutlasses
and
knives.
Bowie
LEECH
moulds of
Bullet
all
kinds. Brass
mountings
& RIGDON / 77
for saddlery.
We
for
for
establishment of some
The
Leech
size.
Memphis
1857
City Directory
as a cotton broker at 35
1859 Directory he
is
listed as
lists
Thomas
on
Elliott Street
this
period he
arms.
He was
In the
fall
is
known
to
fire-
a dealer only.
.36-
caliber revolvers.
Confederate
authorities
anticipated
the
fall
of
field officer's
week
later:
swords which
officers'
made today
swords
left
at
will
be sold cheap
if
application be
them today,
as
field
we
.call
for
&
Rigdon.
1862
late
Ga. At
this
point
it is
all
present concern
is
Colt.
Our
&
Rigdon were
Miss.,
they
in
Memphis,
turned
out
is
U.S. foot
letters
officer's
"C.S."
side.
stopped
fuller
on either
side.
The scabbard
is
of leather
The
field officer's
swords
counterguard and
coils
snake-like
around the
sword
(C)
is
On
mount
is
LEECH
Rigdon's
field officer's
&
52
The
in that
it
is
& RIGDON /
is
stopped
fuller
on
either side.
The scabbard
is
of metal
by Colonel Harvey Walker of the 3rd Regiment of Tennessee. Colonel Walker formed a company
carried
still
Museum
Room
of
in
79
Figure
An
53
believed to have been
is
1%
and
section.
diamond in cross
The guard, pommel and backstrap are of
inches
Branches are
brass,
poorly
edges.
The scabbard
cast.
rings brazed to
is
Fig.
53. Leech
&
Rigdon,
with rounded
(Item
to the
above
#143).
wound
flat
it.
sword similar
collection
roughly
wide,
is
Abbey
in the Battle
It
Figure
54
Thomas, Griswold
&
much
Co., with
like those
made by
ornamented branches
one which turned up
is
re-
etched:
sword
have looked at
it
twice. It
brass-mounted.
Although somewhat
me
for
$25
to be finely
in
rusty,
it
was
it
been offered
&
Rigdon, Memphis,
Old English
letters, in
etc.
are
made by
short sword
in the
is
stamped simply,
hands of a private
collector.
"Novelty Works."
It
It is
down
The
grip
is
double-strand wire.
The
wound with
formed
sumed
that such
as
to date,
none have
products of Leech
&
Rigdon.
William J. McElroy
Macon, Ga.
23.
&
Co.,
its
writing in
May,
1922,
when
necessity of
the
it
depended
largely
pistols.
W.
J.
McElroy
&
make
men
in their
later
by
employ, began
class,
beautifully
WILLIAM
McELROT
J.
command "Fire!"
see how much time was
You can
dum-dum
bullet,
think of
rifles.
them when
At
first
these
civil
engineer,
and by the
in
finger
made
in coils,
made
to cut
it
shape
cartridge was made, the slug end was dipped in wax. All
cartridges were put in packages of ten, with a small package
&
CO. /
83
surrender of the
city,
lost interest in
believe that
command
a good
healthy figure.
55
Figure
McElroy
Aoaia.wr'M
The
first is
Stamped on
in
two
the ricasso
lines.
The
is
grip
top.
The
cross
minating in
number and
guard
is
The
flat disks.
Roman
hilts
numeral.
The scabbards
are of
is
in
two
The grip is
The "pommel" and
edge.
lines. It
Abbey, Rich-
is
Macon, Ga."
false
at the Battle
"Wm.
J.
McElroy,
made and
serviceable weapons.
55.
bowie
Wm.
J.
knife (B)
McElroy,
for
very
little is
as
being 37
years of age,
WILLIAM
He
is
J.
McELROT
classed only as a
"merchant."
made
all
types of swords,
reflects that
and accord-
sword
One
is
28%
fuller.
It
is
made by McElroy
weapons made by Johnston,
this
56
name "Wm.
is
J.
deep.
McElroy
The
&
counter-
The pommel
is
The scabbard
stitched
is
on the
crudely made.
It is
top.
Figure
has
57
made by McElroy
is
one
Model
1840,
J.
back.
McElroy
&
floral designs
large letters:
The
Co.,
obverse
is
deeply etched:
"Wm.
lines),
with
grip
is
leather-covered,
Fig.
56.
Wm.
J.
McElroy,
&
CO. /
85
Fig.
57.
Wm.
J.
artillery officer's
The
cavalry sabres
closely to those
made by
on either
McElroy,
sabre (C
side.
Government, but
stopped, there
is
is
only a
are
around
its
top
particularly
it is
etched,
sword (C
blade
finely
is
Figure
Fig.
like
The
much
floral designs
dress,
brass,
its
very
in
is
Battle
Abbey
is
of
flags, etc.
58
sword
to
&
Co.,
J.
McElroy, Herington
Macon
The
other side of
and crossed
Arsenal.)
only
to
the
knuckle
bow.
is
The scabbard
This sword
is
and
24.
"French."
Nashville Plow
Works (Sharp
&
SWORDS
prior to the war the Messrs. Sharp
&
Hamilton
operated a farming implement establishment under
the trade name of Nashville Plow Works. Prompt to
grasp that plows would have but little demand, with
the
first
and began
Nashville,
Term.,
October, 1861,
lists
Chapter IV)
receipts
for the
from "Sharp
{Captured
month of
&
Hamil-
sabres
SI, 050.00;
16,
at
$851.50;
October
October
10,
14, 19 sabres at
4,
100 sabres at
$199.50; October
$357.00. If
can
still
count correctly,
this
is
a total of
Figure
59
&
If
somewhat unusual
ville"
is
itself.
The
sabre pictured
is
from most
pommel
extends from
On
up from
the
guard.
The
until
1862,
Many
citizens
Nashville Plow
April
1,
Federal troops.
were then
arrested, in-
Works,
The
It is
quantity
before
of sabres
apprehension
by
flat
back and a
As already
single
unstopped
fuller
on either
side.
ioned their
is
of
ferrule, or collar,
The scabbards
is
oversized
iron
at the
is
grip
The
throat,
rings are
iron
E.
cavalry sabre
came
into
my
Veteran, 1909,
S.
Dak.:
"A
January
19, 1862,
USA
order.
and
to
Veteran
war
have no
brief notice in
fighter
be
shall
relatives of the
the
brave
that
in
.!'
The above
in
is
Abbey
collection (Item
is
unknown.
Another sword of this type is stated to have been
carried by Orderly Sergeant Jonens, of the 63rd
North Carolina.
Firmly entrenched in a private collection in Texas
is
al-
stamped on one
side of the ricasso "Sharp & Hamilton" and on the
other side "Nashville, Tenn." The "D"-type guard
consists of a heavy strip of cast brass at right angles to
though
it
the blade.
The
it is
25.
&
Co.),
Columbia, S.C.
(swords)
a decade before the
To
Civil
S.C, and
15, 1851.
The
rifles,
2,000
pistols,
and
arms were
State.
to
be
It
made
to
pay "$6.50
for
swords
"1852" on the
lock-
in
The
use in the
Army
now
in
and accordingly
as the
War Department
is
for the
Army's
close
copy of
was a
model of 1822.
Figure
The blade
60
and continuing
for
about 16
The
tract
cavalry sabres
conform
made under
to the above,
made by
dentations
Stamped on
in-
the cord.
Some few
S.C."
are stamped
"Wm.
is
"Columbia,
Glaze
&
Co." on
sword,
it
Carolina.
The scabbards
for
all-iron.
can be referred
question.
to as
"Confederate"
is
something of a
Con-
made
in
were issued
to
and
it is
believed that
all
H.
STEVENS / 93
Numerous ones have been found in Virginia, indicating that many saw service away from home. Con-
war.
uncommon today.
common are the "1,000
made, these
Not
at all
None have
is
made
that the
it is
Abbey
One stamped
(Item #151).
"Wm.
collection in
Glaze
&
Co."
is
pre-
artillery type
and
swords."
artillery
may be
Richmond, Va.
S.C,
Museum.
(The original Palmetto contract
is
in the
S.C.
peared
in the Texas
and February,
Gun
Collector's
hands of
Columbia,
Armory ap-
Magazine, January
1955.)
H. Stevens, Georgia
(pikes)
26.
Figure 61
h.
promptly
arm
to
the State
on
for pikes
to
page 352,
reflects
that
May
0,
86 1 2 1 5 on
,
and 47 on October
1.
May 30,
99 on September 29
for
each
The
and
pikes
site
made by
Armory.
Griswold, of Griswoldville,
Fig.
this
city
to read
27.
Thomas, Griswold
Co.),
New
&
Co. (T. G.
&
Orleans, La.
is
as
"Agents of the
rich,
1861,
when
the
New
the following
announcement appeared
23,
in
The
this
&
THOMAS, GRISWOLD
&
Co.
bowie-knives, caps
pistols,
and sporting goods. Manufacturers of Enfield rifles, cavalry and artillery sabres,
line and field officers swords and lances." Further
note was made that "Our lances are made strictly
upon the model of those used in the French service,
with staffs of the best mountain ash, and well temand
cartridges, military
pered
steel blades."
to this
and not
just
by guess or hunch.
Figure
62
shield
The
The
grip
ball
is
pommel
The
reverse
Co.
Model
fish
the obverse.
&
of Thomas, Griswold
is
and thunderbolt) on
plain.
The guard
is
heavy,
sabre knot.
is
Its
purpose
for a lanyard.
is
has a round
slot for
it
The blade
is
double-edged,
21%
Fig.
&
CO. /
95
inches long,
1%
down
to
to
its
section
about
is
no
is
fuller.
is
to
an unusual variation of
the above. The blades are identical in shape and
dimensions but this one bears the full firm name,
"Thomas, Griswold & Co., New Orleans." The guard
In a private collection
is
Figure
Model
this
after
the
company
U.S.
is
the
Officer's
is
34 inches
in length,
on either
fuller
with a
flat
side. It
is
is
"Thomas, Griswold
SKVaiUO M3N
f,
in
brass,
&*'*
1
*
J:..;.
l"
line,
Co.,"
"New
(C)
:
"
straight
^t. -'-"~N^-
&
&
THOMAS, GRISWOLD
The back
junction.
covered and
edge of the
wound with
pommel cap
The scabbard
is
The
relief.
grip
leather-
is
The forward
twisted wire.
entirely of brass.
is
in the Battle
Abbey
in
are undecorated.
Figure
64
counterguard.
of brown leather,
with a
flat
as
14 turns of twisted
either side.
ricasso
is
decorated with
wound with
The blade
brass wire.
is
Some bear
name on
on
the
&
The scabbards
(brass),
fuller
Co.,
all
N.O."
of bronze
The
in
its
center with
Museum, Richmond,
it
Va.,
is
ried
W. M.
L. Jackson,
made by
&
and also
of the same type, is one worn by General Richard
Taylor, C.S.A. It too has an all-brass scabbard.
T. G.
Co.,
&
CO. /
97
65
Figure
A very ornamental
one pictured.
1
Griswold
& Co."
reverse ricasso
(in a semicircle)
is
the
is
stamped "Thomas
over
"New Orleans."
pommel
wound with
Nothing is known
leather,
The
bow and
grip
of
is
66
Figure
One
sword
It
The
inch wide.
countered
is
presentation
piece
firm
et
name and
address.
The guard
is
the
full
formed by three
ending in a snake
is
The grip is of serrated ivory, while the backstrap and pommel form an eagle's head. All metal on
the guard is silver-plated. The scabbard is of leather
with gold-plated engraved mounts. The entire piece
head.
is
67
Figure
Another
the
fine presentation
Confederate
women
of
Museum
to
sword by
in
this
Richmond.
firm
It
is
is
in
one
New
Battle of Lexington,
cost $1,000, this
scription.
No
that a large
number could
The sword
Fig.
&
is
participate in the
gift.
and
ornamented
THOMAS, GRISWOLD
ring
mounts formed
&
the gold
pommel
is
Louisiana coat-of-arms).
long,
The blade
is
31%
inches
Fig.
&
(B+)
&
The
CO. /
99
"Ense
is
et
28.
ad
The Tredegar
in a
alta."
ricasso.
golden plush-
Iron Works,
Richmond, Va.
(swords?)
the only reason
in a
to include the
swords were
made by
is
this establishment.
Generally
make
side arms.
Virginia
son)
ciently complete,
do not bear
this out.
Workmen
the
and undoubtedly
"pilot models" of all types of arms were produced at
Tredegar on various workmen's time and company's
world
over
like
to
experiment
machinery and
deviations the
stock,
for
"small stuff."
Figure
68
in the
Confederate
Museum,
Richmond, Va., contains a sword which was presented to General Charles J. Anderson, C.S.A., one
of the owners of the plant, and is said to have been
made
at
although
appears
it
to
is
entirely possible,
The
narrowing and
is
28%
Fig.
The
Works,
which
the guard,
counterguard
is
an inch short of
for 2 inches
on either
parallel grooves
The
grip
and has
wound with
pommel. The piece is
totally
without marks.
is
known
similar
but
the
appear the
At one time
On
and
2 inches long
Roman
this
slots,
is
numerals
"XXVIII" and
"III."
sword
(E
way
by a metal tube. As
one also has a
near
its
in the
slot for
this
sword
first
described, this
bow
The
29.
Virginia
Armory (The
ginia Manufactory),
Vir-
Richmond, Va.
(swords)
and up to the Civil War, the
State of Virginia had its own standing army and
facilities
for the
at
in
Virginia
Manufactory,
or
simply
"The Armory."
many
Armory
it
to
itself.
Canal and on
to
the north
believe
The Armory
its
faced on the
Kanawaha
THE
Richmonders
River, referred to by
VIRGINIA
ARMORY / 103
"the
muddy
at the
Armory
as
Jeems."
All types of
and
its
it
turned out:
and 84
rifles.
The manufacture
Thereafter
the
continued
buildings
to
house
1822.
the
Military
such plans
fell
(VMI)
Institute
Lexington,
at
but
rehabilitation, however,
Harpers Ferry
machinery captured
by the State
its
walls
still
stood, blackened
were constantly
1,
in store.
It is
The
For
many
was not
is
not indicated.
established,
1947,
Society
to
their origin.
of
October, 1947) an
doubts as
talk of
1,
as
all
now
referred to
The
69
brass wire
was used
in
as
many
as three separate
manufacture
Fig.
whom
the
69. Virginia
Manufactory, cavalry
sabre (D)
105
Fig.
71
Virginia
Manufactory,
(D
artillery
sabre
hilt
grip, encircling
collar or ferrule.
The
pommel.
Figure
70
artillery
backstrap.
70. Virginia
Manufactory,
bird's-head
sabre
The scabbards
models
(D)
They had no
for
attachment
to a
drags.
Figure 71
The
artillery
models are
essentially the
same
as
pommel
The scabbards
for
The
the
same
blades of
many
back variously:
"1st,"
artillery
number of
militia
on April
17,
1861, the
The
whom
these
The
rescabbarded
swords
consistently
drag of
iron.
shortened,
In
addition
many were
A number
to
of Virginia sabres
and
to
W.
conforming
siderable
but
There
among
is
con-
collectors,
it is
made
cavalry sabres
after 1816,
unnecessary.
Figure
In the Virginia
Room
71
of the Confederate
Museum
is
displayed a
C.S.N.
during the
last
navy
as
it is
distinctly
it
officer's
sword.
must be unique.
The almost
straight blade
etched with
is
on either
side. It
and on the
ricasso
is
very lightly
scabbard
is
The sword
30.
W.
itself
gives
no clue
as to
its
Walsoneid, Solingen,
origin.
Germany
(swords)
to Germany what Sheffield is to England,
and Springfield to the United States the seat of
many manufacturers engaged in the making of various
edged weapons.
solingen
is
WALSONEID / 107
During the
War many
Civil
thousands of sabres,
to
America from
which included many made in Germany. Unfortunately, most of these items were
stamped only with the maker's name and place of
manufacture, and it is impossible to determine which
went to the Federal Army and which to the Confederacy, or indeed whether an item was used in our
Civil War at all and not imported later. Thus, as a
foreign sources,
'
by the
as such,
term.
Only
weapons
be considered "Confederate." Those
can definitely
name
"Isaacs
&
Co."
fall
the blade
for the
remember
pared
to
these three
magic
letters.
let
little
us
com-
weapon bearing
coat-of-arms,
etc.,
made by Mole,
imported by Halfmann
&
or those swords
Figure
Also Confederate
is
73
brass-mounted
at
made.
It
Solingen."
sword of
38 ^4 inches.
is
stamped on the
is
is
having a
It is finely
"W. Walsoneid,
ricasso
type
this
last
to
be seen
in the
Battle
J. C.
31.
soldiers.
swords)
Figure
74
The blade
is
officer's
slightly
is
38%
inches.
The scabbard
So
ment
seem
far as
to J.
known, only two swords exist as a monuC. Wilson of Houston, Texas. Two swords
is
meager testimonial
undoubtedly
lived,
to
Fig.
this.
At
least,
many
Mr. Wilson
collected.
74.
officer's
J.
C. Wilson, foot
sword (C
32.
the part
Winan played
Md.
in the Civil
War
is
federacy,
we might now be
on
time,
their
way
south to coerce by
and Maryland were very profeeling and the regiment was mobbed in
Baltimore
Southern in
their passage
through the
city,
first
It
was on
War
this
flowed.
oughly aroused
coercion,
(for the
75
troops,
at
Ross
Winan,
proprietor
to
Fig.
of the
pikes.
ROSS
made
in haste,
shaped.
The
Federal authorities.
except for a
to Fort
feeling,
McHenry, headquarters
army
of the
of occu-
pation.
The Richmond
Dispatch of
May
28,
1861, stated:
Fort
American
Civil
War
might
intestinal
Maryland, the
at the outside
have lasted
number
who
of Marylanders
fought
name a
few: Steuart, Johnson, Semmes, Gilmor, Brown and
Albaugh. These and many others sacrificed everyvaliantly for those beliefs they held dear
to
and embraced,
and
as far as their
wavering principles
WINAN / 111
In addition to
his pikes,
Ross Winan,
armored
railroad cannon that was fired by steam. The idea was
a revolutionary one. It was offered the South but
thing of a mechanical genius, also invented an
many
of the farsighted to
are
still
with
who approve
us,
who
balk at
We
Americans ap-
was shipped
to
route.
News
It
is
illustrious
warrior
Butler, U.S.A.:
jamin
F. Butler
hang him
to
General
The
article
is
Benjamin
captioned:
F.
(Beast)
"How
Ben-
captured Ross
for treason,
the
first
is
city,
it
him
greatly.
He
it.
"Knowing
could
my
that
hat," wrote
Read
name
this
"A Baltimorean by
gray-haired old man of more
story:
Winan, a
than three score and ten, a bitter rebel and reputed to be
worth $15,000,000.00 had made 5,000 pikes of the John
Brown pattern to be used by the rebels of Baltimore to
oppose the march of United States troops." Butler wanted
to capture Winan. "I thought," he wrote, "that if such a
man, worth $15,000,000 were hanged for treason it would
convince the people of Maryland at least that the expedition
we were on was no picnic. I knew that he was going to
Frederick to make a secession speech and I believed if we
captured him he would be a very proper specimen traitor
to be hanged." So Butler sent his troops and captured
Winan and took him to Annapolis, but the hanging party
did not come off. Winan was a member of the Maryland
the
of Ross
Legislature.
about
it.
Upon
dispatch to the
commanding
first
acts
was
officer at Fort
to issue
McHenry:
My troops are on
can hold with the aid of my artillery.
If I am attacked tonight please open on Monument Square
with your mortars. I will keep the hill fully lighted with
"I have taken possession of Baltimore.
fires
are
castically
"The most
calls
Butler's
exploit
in
capturing Baltimore,
PART
II
has been
made
to portray every
bowie or bayonet.
and a very
in the
definite
We
unknown
No attempt
sword, sabre,
made
to
types,
will pass
from "un-
Each
weapon during the war, and most of them did. The type,
quality and quantity were limited only by the skill (or lack
of skill) of the individual involved. The blacksmith shop was
the main source of skilled or semiskilled labor for Confederate
ordnance.
CONTENTS
PAGE
A.
Swords
B.
Pikes
C.
Bayonets
162
D.
Knives (Bowies)
168
and Lances
119
145
swords/ 119
A.
SWORDS
Listed in the following order: Officer's, Artillery, Cavalry, Foot Artillery and
Naval
Cutlasses.
after three thousand years of honor and glory the sword, except
for
1860s. Possibly
it
is
of War.
occasionally
Ordnance,
war
American
European
Officer's swords
1,352
2,107
Noncommissioned swords
6,889
19,951
Musician's swords
Cavalry sabres
Horse artillery swords
Foot artillery swords
The above
Government.
2,050
5,363
53,986
138,813
5,250
3,515
300
4,862
by the U.S.
the hands of
own
arm
their
purchasing agent
in
number
of weapons used, as
it
it
to the
to the total
made
in the
when
the Confederacy
was not
few weeks
last
made
must
official,
relie
Thus,
such as newspapers, or
As can be understood,
both should be accepted with more than a few grains of salt. Another,
The steamship
with 1,184
1861.1
rifles
identified.
and 500
sabres. (Daily
Richmond
Examiner,
November
9,
SWORDS / 121
Notice
in their possession of
Street.
command
XXXII, No.
in the
to the Fifth
Georgia Cavalry,
{Confederate
Veteran,
Vol.
8,
Fourth Kentucky cavalry were issued heavy English sabres which were
unpopular. (Musgroves's Kentucky Cavaliers in Dixie, page 183.)
Captain Todd
Camp Jackson,
letters
"C.S.N." {Navy
is
Records,
War
of Rebellion, Vol.
On
XXVII, page
88.)
Maker Unknown
Figure
common
ably
that
it
76
is
so
it
conforms
to the
U.S.
as illus-
stopped
the
The
fuller.
obverse ricasso
front
stamped with
repeated on the
is
is
doubtlessly
The scabbard
is
if
the
of bright
(and
rings,
this
may
or
may
his
bards similarly.
to
know
the
maker of
mand.
his
com-
SWORDS / 123
Maker Unknown
Figure
there
a marked
is
similarity
77
it.
between
this
sword and
men
faces
As
the
in
number
so
other sword,
pronounced.
this
stamped with a
is
on the underside of the guard at the front of the blade, and on the
pommel cap at point of juncture with the knuckle bow.
(149)
Once again
Ala.,
this
it is
stamped
specimen
mounted.
on the obverse
It
ricasso,
swords similarly.
his
The scabbard on
is
appears original,
although
bears
no
The blade on
this
piece
is
and only 29 inches in length, having an unstopped fuller on either side. The back of the blade is
slender
flat,
as
is
The Smithsonian
Institution
possesses
weapon
widow of Admiral
Fig.
77
Field officer's
ll'
>
tt J.
War
fame.
is:
"Lieut. A.
Moffitt,
51st.
It
is
Maker Unknown
Figure
78
same
style
in the
mind
is
here
those of the
contain "C.S.A."
made by Haiman,
maker. Swords of
this
made by one
sword
that
it is
particular
is
is
The background
is
the signifi-
fort
is
of
it
a likeness of Fort
Sumter, S.C.
The almost
straight blade
is
flat
29%
inches long,
is
of leather,
wound with
The scabbard
is
1 1
brass,
is
black-leather-covered
no clue
Fig. 78.
as to the
Naval
maker.
officer's
Haiman
(C
SWORDS / 125
Maker Unknown
Figure
someday, someone
maker of
the
sooner or
will
this
later,
Back
among
officer's
the
in
fact,
diligent
79
classified
only as
"unmarked
many
discussions
sword."
1920s
recall
so
&
Liggon."
&
this,
The
similar ones
saw
to
them
made
in Georgia.
service in Virginia
That
attested to
is
&
"Beech
as
by
human
someday a
etched or engraved
is
one up that
"Made by Joe
were
is
stamped,
Blow, Atlanta,
up
so strong that
why
collectors
so puzzled as to the
maker.
weapon
tionary
some
movement
sort as
in this
a symbol of "Don't
Tread
On Me!"
Guard and pommel are of brass. In the specimen pictured the pommel is of cavalry type but more often
it is of the undecorated officer's variety. The counterguard quillon is heavy and globular. The blade is
slightly curved, 31 inches in length,
with a modified
Fig.
of snake design (E
between
leather-covered,
is
wound
leather,
is
brass-mounted.
cannot
this
is
adding
resist
opinion, which
is
a product of L.
spite of the
my
that
this in
Maker Unknown
Figure
this
is
80
forming
The branches
Pommel cap
more of the
artillery type than officer's. Blade, pommel and guard
are all stamped with a two-digit number. The almost
is
straight blade
unstopped
black,
is
is
fuller
on either
wound with
side.
The
leather grip
is
is
of
unmarked.
Gamble
&
swords
made by
L.
this
example of
their work.
manufactory,
resem-
also a
Haiman &
product of
all
it
is
Brother,
but
if
an extremely poor
Maker Unknown
Figure 81
somewhat
Fig.
(E
open spaces
is
this
in the
swords/ 127
counterguard,
but
is
much more
made
finely
pronounced than
cap
and
the
pommel
is
is
unstopped single
apparent on
this
fuller
on either
side.
No marks
are
The maker
Confederate Sword
is
unknown.
Maker Unknown
Figure 82
am
The blade
full
flat
is
is
back.
inch thick.
more
21%
It
is
The
made
of wood covered
Room
may
of the Confederate
The maker
unknown, but obviously this is no production piece, and judging from its appearance was
made at some crossroads smithy.
is
Gatlin
(E)
Maker Unknown
Confederate Sword
83
Figure
first
The almost
straight blade
is
back, and
made without
fullers.
flat
iron with
and counterguard
is
plate.
The guard
of
knuckle guard
to the
The turned
is
pine
wood
grip
leather nor
wound with
wire.
Mean
in appearance, this
probably most
is
effective in cut
and
thrust. Its
maker
unknown.
Maker Unknown
84
Figure
rarity
it
is
most desirable. In
The one in
#185) came from
three.
1900s.
How
it
the Battle
Seattle,
Abbey
collection (Item
Washington,
in the early
type both
came from
The blade
unstopped
back.
is
this
Virginia.
fuller
The guard
on
is
either side
of well-cast brass.
The
counter-
sabre with
es(E)
Iry
SWORDS / 129
letters,
Grip
is
is
pierced
for
wound with
of leather,
is
12
turns'
of single-
A Roman
quillon of
also
all
toe.
red.
Armory, there
ity in the
way both
is
nevertheless a
are marked,
and
is
marked
similar-
in the construc-
another example
Sword
Maker Unknown
Figure
85
officer's
fullers in the
is
what
is
assumed
to
be a noncommis-
Fig.
small "C.S.A."
in
guard
(C)
The wooden
wound with
covered and
grip
leather-
is
wire.
is
has no backstrap.
it
copper
is
on
either side.
number "959."
The maker is unknown, but
there
is
on the blade,
is
a similarity
959
this
Maker Unknown
Figure
Si
86
is
85. Noncommissioned
officer's
sword
Battle
Abbey
collection
in the
(Item
(E)
is
wound with
side.
The grip is
The guard
ornamented as shown and in a circular disk centered on the flat knuckle guard are the large letters
is
The drag
is
is
sword
is
The pommel
artillery.
of this
SWORDS / 131
Maker Unknown
Figure
here
is
bow and
quillon
finial, as
and
at
than
Model
well as the
floral
The knuckle
pommel cap, are
1840.
designs.
All
are of
87
is
peculiar in that
dome-shaped.
The
it
grip
is
is
flat
on top
of brown
wound with
Under
is
an oval indenture
at the
unmounted scabbard top will extend about ys of an inch into the guard. Union sabres
The
aperture
is
lead-filled.
is
profusely
and ornately
etched.
The
"E
and Bars
Pluribus
Confederate
Stars
floral designs
In regards to
"E
motto
it
multitude
Unum"
Pluribus
a Confederate weapon,
flag,
of
being found on
noted that
is
Unum,"
Tennessee as well
this
as the
is
the
United
Haiman
L.
it
is
either a product of
or of foreign manufacture.
is
Abbey collection in
Richmond, Va. (Item #183). The blade is 32 inches
question
in
is
inscription
lerie."
the
The scabbard
Orleans
Artillery
Thomas, Griswold
with identical
is
hilts
&
"Artil-
made
Co.
and
side
of
New
Orleans.
brass scabbards.
Maker Unknown
Figure
88
arm on
wound with
The
an unstopped
and
fuller.
is
of leather, crudely
The blade
is
very
is
grip
SWORDS / 133
This
is
There
writer's attention.
is
no clue
maker.
as to the
Maker Unknown
Figure
89
known
rare.
No
reason
is
for this,
officer's
Pictured
SOy^-inch
is
an enlisted man's
curved
blade
artillery sabre
with
unstopped
with a
tapering
on either
side.
The weapon
bears no marks.
Maker Unknown
Figure
is
90
a typical representative of
Model
1840.
These
and
so only
one
wound with a single strand of untwisted iron wire. The two-branched guard and
"high-hat" pommel cap are of brass. The curved
leather-covered,
blade
is
unstopped
fuller
weapon
40%
is
on either
inches.
flat
side.
The scabbard
file
is
iron with
134
unmarked except
for the initials of some former owner "WM" on the
reverse of the knuckle bow. Some of this same manuthroughout the whole piece.
to
It
is
Maker Unknown
Figure 91
as
is
the sketched
weapon.
The blade
on either
is
side,
34 inches long.
in
SWORDS / 135
to
such
is
was
it
cast.
The
brass,
but
appearing
collar
The scabbard
at
slot for
sabre knot.
is
mounts.
The
grip
is
leather-covered and
served whose
leather,
The weapon
Many
is
unmarked.
Army
of
Alabama
under General Nathan Bed-
John
ford Forrest.
is
it
most desirable.
Maker Unknown
Figure
91
(E+)
92
in
our
National
Archives
made
at
sabres."
that
With
point,
the discovery
that
"Tallassee
made
at Tallassee the
category of
is
into the
a typical
point of view.
features
known
straight,
34%
It
as "Confederate."
The blade
is
almost
flat
back
brass,
but
like the
and
flat
this, it
file
the sabre
shown
consist of three
Maker Unknown
Figure
93
sabre
uncommon
is
is
basis,
punched
into the
series
of three
underside of the
pommel and
(E
blade
is
on either
is
side.
The back
of the blade
fuller
The guard
The pommel cap
is flat.
The
grip
is
of
brown
leather,
wound with
is
17 turns of
of iron, brass-mounted.
a well-made piece.
It is
Maker Unknown
Figure
here
is
another
94
is
of
iron
Fig.
copy of
(E
wire.
The blade
is
The blade
weapon
is
totally
is
side.
Over-all length
is
40%
The
These sabres are not common. The maker is unknown. The particular item pictured came from
North Carolina.
Maker Unknown
Figure
it
95
may
in
Despite
its
it
is
The counterguard
former.
at
flat,
as
is
flatness
is
is
are rounded.
brass collar
is
leather-covered,
Maker Unknown
Figure
96
is
ricasso
is
here pictured.
exceptionally long.
single
fuller
is
The
The
on
The guard is of flat iron, somewhat similar to the English Mole sabres. There is no
pommel, a brass cap serving this purpose. The leathereither side, stopped.
Fig.
wooden scabbard
(E
SWORDS / 139
covered grip
wound with
is
The scabbard
is
is
turns of single-strand
41 inches!
customary ring
mounts.
Maker Unknown
Figure
Fig.
97
The
shaped
1%
19-inch
in cross section,
inches at
width prior
The
on the
wasp-waisted
its
is
diamond-
at the
guard and
blade
/8 wide
its
original
to tapering to point.
weapon is stamped in
guard "R. Mc.M.," probably
illustrated
this
several places
the initials of
the piece
is
devoid of markings.
that this
bard
is
is
Its
maker
is
not known. It
The
is
said
scab-
and a reinforced
leather toe.
Maker Unknown
Figure
98
in the
pommel
has been
this
this
logic.
Here we have a
one of the
glorified sketch of
Fig.
97. Foot
artillery
sword
L-V
ends (C)
most
common
of Confederate
relics,
and
yet
its
maker
remains unknown.
The
hilt is
much
so
pommel
is
usually lacks
double-edged,
18%
on either
side.
No marks
indication as to where
scabbard
is
it
The
top
mount
contains a button
for frog.
Obviously
98. Foot artillery
sword, "C.S." on
Fig.
guard and
pommel
(C)
star in
this
is
Roman
SWORDS / 141
it
had overridden
legs of
was issued
to foot
their
arm.
The
on a
hilt
up
battlefield
still
and
am
pommel
It
is
for sure
would have
Maker Unknown
Figure
99
is
The
decoration.
The blade
cross section.
It
swell again to
its
is
ball
pommel
is
bare of
mounts.
Because of the close resemblance of
this
sword
to
in
piece
caution
suggested
is
first
is
19*
Maker Unknown
100
Figure
The
The
grip
flat
widening
inches, then
to
side.
point.
It
at the guard,
to
its
original
contains a very
is
unknown.
sword of
design
1%
wide
2 inches
is
100. Foot
artillery
1914-inch blade
tapering to
Fig.
is
(E)
Maker Unknown
Figure 101
full warning
is
given to collectors on
this particular
be given,
complete description of
to
prevent the
six fakes
not
being doctored to a
this
type
is
invited to get in
The
is
in the
after
is
that
museum
of the
supposed to have
city
fell
to
the
Federals in 1865.
Fig.
"C.S.N."
-s&aka3&agysi5B>-J
in
guard
The
raised letters
143
other side.
feathers)
An
article
concerning
this
sword appeared
No.
2, Editor's
1958,
in the
Volume
II,
is
advised to
read.
Maker Unknown
Figure
102
is
The pommel
bears
and a
The guard has a beaded
"w"
meaning
is
If the
is
weapon
is
unhilted,
will
a
Its
not known.
The blade
is
of
1%
its
original width
inches.
The scabbards
CM
their
to
manufacturer
in
not known.
is
Maker Unknown
Figure
103
up with great
regularity.
The
made
is
there.
at the top, to
which the
The guards
base.
are
some of cast
its
Smaller
editions
of the
cutlass
have
appeared
knife-size.
is
feels
Va., this city being just across the river from Norfolk.
sabre
is
bayonets,
known
etc.,
to
for
Confederacy.
181"
PIKES
B.
man
him
man
to be content with
what he has
bourbon to sip while awaiting the signal to push the button, we idly
wonder how, only one hundred years ago, a Confederate soldier could
tent with
it
his
grimy
October
26,
The Washington
relics
many
thousands
AND LANCES
/ 145
IMMHHEHHHHBEniHHHB^Hnfl
coming
was surprised
upon being
at also
tossed a seabag of
helmet but apparently the supply officer was just fresh out of these.
At about the time Apprentice Seaman Albaugh was slinging his sea-
his shoulder
defend vital
airfields
even
if
they had to do
it
Office,
who
thereafter
issued to
who
War
Home
received credit for the idea, was quoted as having said, "After
members of the Home Guard have attacked with grenades, and mainly
at night, the pike is a handy weapon for mopping-up operations." The
pike in this instance was a light steel shaft with a short sword attached
to
its
show that
is
only to
weapon,
supplied to the
many
in the
thousands
who came
to
do
"democ-
racy."
at
is
in 1859, only
hardly a hero
whose hearts lie south of the Potomac River. His moldy body
would probably have turned over many times in his celebrated grave
had he known that his idea of arming Negroes with spears was reto those
am
weapons was
PIKES
The
National Tribune,
March
19, 1903,
remembers a
free-soil settlers in
Kansas,
visit
that
who were
in
On
number-
the shank of each pike was stamped "C. Hart" (also the serial
editor).
down
tears streaming
his
wrote of Brown:
And
lo! a
Then
led
him out
to die;
to
affair.
official
Confederate uniform.
the
little later
to
New York
at the invita-
fraternization
came about
it
that
when
the Grays
New York
arm
went
to
number of the
the Negroes.
this
Harpers
iron pikes
to
7th
AND LANCES
/ 147
and
specifications:
made
this
of tool
packed
He
would be concealed
in
at
many
at the
manner
in transportation.
given,
however, that
South and
is
Brown
for
weapon, but
quick assembly.
steel,
With
be double-edged
to
to
ing to a point; to be
is
"The blade
is
not Confederate.
It
way
later to
be sent
into the
Mount Vernon,
by
fire;
and
still
later, their
Rock Island
remain, but why anyone would
still
am
in
is
beyond
me
not, of course,
to
and they
reflect
the fact that even before hostilities began in April, 1861, the South
anticipated the
Confederate pike
which
We
is
is
story of the
follow.
learn that the
gun
January
6,
rifles.
1862.)
Mayor Baugh of Memphis, Tenn., has had 64 Irish pikes made there for a
company just organized. They are about ten feet long with a bayonet head
and a hook for cutting. These and double-barreled shotguns
be an efficient armament. (Richmond Examiner, June 11, 1861.)
for thrusting
Undoubtedly
cutters," which
this
account
at that time
refers
to
will
were believed
to be particularly effective
PIKES
The
against cavalry.
horse weighing several thousand pounds so that the rider could then
What
the rider of
the horse,
in the
one hundred years the answer seem reasonably plain even to one
who has no more sense than a gun collector.
Having had the "Irish Pike," we now turn to another nationality,
after
described by the
10, 1861:
is
possible.
We
A shot in
wonder what
those wise
men
all.
of 1861
who
objected to spending
I)
Alexandria,
we
making of pikes
resorted to the
army near
and lances
for
the cavalry
but were
little
12,
page
74.)
Part III.)
On January
1,
1862, the
wherein he
is
at
Memphis, Tenn.,
quoted as saying:
minie,
Enfield,
sabre and the bowie-knife placed on 10-foot poles. The head should be 15
inches long, sharp on both sides and point or one edge and point and onethird or one-half the other edge; secured
by bands and
foot pole.
Same
January
source,
be armed with
28, 1862:
Alabama
pikes,
"The
weapon has a
like a
June
this
as
we
recall,
the
an "Irish Pike" on
11, 1861.
On
February
9,
We
should have a
much
The
greatest objection, or
than sabres
artillery.
The
it,
is
said to be the
in the
shafts should
Those furnished
to
is
page 479.)
The day
following Johnston's
letter,
Acts of C.
S.
Congress, Vol.
I,
foot soldiers could attack cavalry, the sickle to be used in cutting the
bridle reins
to
who
PIKES
On
but on
this
as follows:
The
which have attended our armies show the absolute necessity of renewed energy and determination on our part. We are left to choose
between freedom at the end of a desperate and heroic struggle, and submission to tyranny, followed by the most abject slavery to which a patriotic and
generous people was ever exposed.
Surely we cannot hesitate. Independence or death should be the watchword and reply of every freedman's son of the South. Our enemies have vastly
superior numbers and the greater advantage in the quality and quantity of
their army. Including those, however, which have been and will be imported
in spite of the blockade, we have enough guns in the Confederacy to arm a
very large force, but not enough for all the troops.
What shall be done in the emergency? I answer, use the "Georgia Pike,"
with six-foot staff and the side-knife, eighteen-inch blade, weighing about
three pounds. Let every army have a large reserve, armed with a good pike
and a large heavy side-knife, to be brought upon the field with a shout for
victory
comes
late reverses
when
for the
When
much
exhausted, or
when
the time
charge of bayonets.
of his adversaries.
Had
in large
numbers
at Milledgeville.
AND LANCES
/ 151
HHHi^^H
w^amMamaBEamwimwm
it
is
said,
usually extended
its
conquests
whose arms were shortest. Long range guns sometimes fail to fire,
and waste a hundred balls to one that takes effect, but the short range
pike and the terrible knife, when brought within proper range (as they can
be in almost a moment) and wielded by a stalwart patriot's arm, never fail
to fire and never waste a single load. I am, very respectfully, your fellow
furtherest
citizen.
Had
the
month
Even
Ten thousand
so, it
brought
as the
was known
as the "clover-
three types.
Regardless of the
by the
troops,
them,
their
style,
issuance
1,
page
31st Georgia
almost caused
21,
and Vol.
weapon,
a Mobile, Ala.,
a new weapon
the
[Confederate
Veteran,
page 337.)
of proclaiming the ultimate nuclear
31,
No.
successfully received
9,
newspaper announced:
Alabama
pike
The
State of
Alabama is aiming
The Mobile cor-
respondent of the
describes
men
in
most
with a
it:
"We
modern warfare
are
arming our
generally, but a
PIKES
Alabama
and a half
bending back from near the socket. This is intended for cutting the bridles of
cavalrymen, or pulling them off their horses, or catching hold of the enemy
when they are running away. This head is mounted on a shaft of tough wood
about eight feet long. A gleaming row of these fearful implements of slaughter
gleaming down upon them at the pas de charge, would strike the terror of ten
thousand deaths
When we
to the
first
heard of
thousand Yankees,
it
this
weapon designed
it
Resolution to
days
later, the
Examiner of
Richmond
pikes.
is
The
26,
nationality,
not mentioned.
Two
states:
There is a factory in this city near the paper mill engaged in making pikes
with which to arm a portion of our forces. This weapon is furnished at a cost
not exceeding $5.00 each. The specimen we have seen is a formidable infantry
weapon, about eight feet in length, including the spear head. The staff is made
of ash. We would suggest by way of improvement to this weapon that the
shape of the spear head is too broad and flat. A narrow, triangular shape like
that of the bayonet with enough to transfix the body of a man would be much
more effective and formidable. A lighter weapon than the specimen we have
seen would be needed for cavalry.
Under date
of
March
"We
23, 1862,
his
when firearms
cannot be procured. Let me have a substitute to make the arm six or
more inches longer than the musket with bayonet on, so that when we
must, under divine blessing, rely upon the bayonet
may
feel that
they have
arm
the superiority of
resulting
from length."
{Confederate
Veteran,
The
following day a
which "provided
was introduced
bill
when
of April
5,
drill
therefor.
On March
Jackson reiterated
his
furnished."
page
{Official
same company.
Records of the
War
make
as to
arm and
General
I
I
the
will
be
3,
141.)
Jackson
if
practicable."
{Ibid.,
3,
page 844.)
{Ibid.,
2,
issued.
Arms
for the
regiment at
{Ibid.,
General Magruder
recommended
{Ibid.,
The
Vol. IX.)
in
3,
Richmond
and shot-guns."
page 390.)
XXX,
Heavy
No.
2,
Artillery
during the Seven Days' Battles. Undoubtedly there are other instances
in battle,
pikes
as they
may
pick up."
PIKES
{Official Records,
in
the Charleston
2,
(Ibid.,
Vol.
(S.C.)
XXVIII,
page 232.)
Regardless of
their efficiency as a
weapon, the
fact
still
pikes,
and
irrespective of
maybe
Confederate Pike
Maker Unknown
Figure
the one
pikes such as
104
illustrated
one
illustrated
diamond
letters
blade
cross
has
section.
12-inch double-edged
It
is
1%
blade,
The
is
11 stars.
The
a brass collar
star,
or hickory
staffs
Some
are
butt end
ft
CSA ft
is
wrought iron
as described above.
The
Although made
all
made
for
home
defense.
.69,
5,000 lances
Fig.
PIKES
Augusta, Ga.,
the
Commanding
is
my
through
Arsenal,
Officer,
Major D.
AND LANCES
/ 157
Arsenal's
the
B. Taylor, U.S.A. It
came from
this source.
Maker Unknown
Figure
in
105
its
its
underside,
It
has a 12-inch
main
Maker Unknown
105. Bridle-cutting
pike (C)
Figure
106
is
the most
common
On
some, the
sickle
blade
is
On
diamond
these the
cross
main blade
section,
is
staff at the
blade
usually pear-shaped,
although
106. Bridle-cutting
pike (C)
observed
with
triangular
"bayonet"-type
main
blade.
The
pike pictured
is
inserted into a
The
long.
heavy iron
is
Once
again, the
maker
is
unknown.
Maker Unknown
Figure
07
The
ever seen
is
it
pecting
enemy with
it
only retrac-
is
at
follows the
some unsus-
it
1%
inches wide.
The wooden
shaft
is
up or down
at the
of pine,
to contain the
owner's desire,
107. Retractable
pike(C +
is
brass-
with an iron
made
The
6-foot
PIKES
Maker Unknown
Figure
Forest
&
Stream,
March
17,
108
1881, page 130, contains
St.,
Phila-
steel spear-point.
The
and
its
staff
near the
Our
correspondent
"W.M.H.'s" query
like
answers
is
a good one.
Many
of us
would
commanding
As a young boy,
tipped
(flat
spear
until the
the author
point)
Ordnance Depot
Fig.
tail
common
in
identical,
at that time
were
staff,
by
1%
four places ran from the iron collar at the top of the
staff.
In the
by 12 inches.
Richmond what
first gun dealer. The shop was
Main Street in a small stone
17
1916 East
house which
still
W.
and J.
Jackson Chandler, former Confederate soldiers, and
was called the "Washington's Headquarters Antiquarium." Here were sold all kinds of relics from the
war. The prices would make today's collector water
at the mouth:
"Two-piece Confederate officer's
in the city. It
was operated by
The
Messrs.
and
this
etc.
an
.50c,"
S. Sclater
its
history
shop
in
when known. A
1896
"Confederate Lance.
bears
the
Made
in the
following
notation:
War. These weapons were among the munitions of war taken at the fall of Richmond in 1865.
The pennons [sic], the wristloops, and the lanceboot
were of poor materials, and in most cases, were lost
or destroyed by the accidents of service."
late Civil
PIKES
AND LANCES
but
who
used them or
unknown.
Figure
109
and guidon
links
this
style
lance
411, states:
The camp
structive
moment
troopers.
and
Fig.
retired.
Mo., was
delightful,
The
amusing,
in-
manly
exercises of his
tail
at Fulton,
/ 161
BAYONETS
C.
The
variations
and
Purposely
we have omitted
we have dealt only with the sabre bayonet, with no attempt to "match"
them with their appropriate rifle, and once again we are concerned
only with types and not their myriad variations.
We do include
You
who
collect
will please
have
amount contracted for made for the .69 calibre, model 1842, and
two-thirds for the Enfield and Richmond Armory rifles. (Lt. Col. W. L.
Brown, Comdg., Richmond Arsenal, April 20, 1862, to Capt. J. Dinwiddie,
in Charge, Ordnance Department, Captured Rebel Records, Vol. 94, Chapter
third of the
Whenever there are no arms to repair, make bayonets and implements for
arms. A Model bayonet of iron, tipped with steel will be sent you from here.
(J. Gorgas, Chief of Confed. Ordn., to Macon Arsenal, March 6, 1863,
Captured Rebel Records, Vol.
J.
7,
Chapter IV.)
Weapons
to
Vol.
4,
{Ibid.,
May
7,
W.
S.
McElwain, 35
Mississippi
rifles,
May
40 double-barrel shotguns, 60
60 percussion muskets, 48 bayonets. May 13, 1862, 40 per-
9, 1862,
bayonets/ 163
Chapter IV.)
Notice
proposals
Richmond
for the
Examiner, July
was
rifles
all
6,
2,
1861.)
to conserve metal.
164
Confederate Bayonet
Figure
Maker Unknown
10
The
of iron.
17%
A
rifle
inches long,
flat,
without
only
is
fullers.
is
and no provision
is
made
"lock" the
to
slot to
the
rifle lug.
Nothing
is
Confederate Bayonet
pictured
1
is
a bayonet
it.
Maker Unknown
Figure
Fig.
or maker, and
smooth brass
guard (E +
)
grip, iron
rifle
circling ring
on the guard
for the
gun
barrel,
on the
but
same
butt.
the gun.
The
pictured
weapon has
a single-edged yataghan-
about 20 inches.
blade
is
On
usually
noted to have
of the grip.
is
its
bayonets/ 165
The
St. Louis,
tion a rifle
Museum
Mo.,
includes in
on which a bayonet
The
rifle
rifle
collec-
might
like this
its
fit,
it
to the barrel.
is
parts. It
is
said to have
Maker Unknown
Figure
here is a bayonet
a number of years.
are subject to
is
1 1
much
or even
controversy.
its
intended use
|rt?SW\
as the latter
it is
completely unfinished.
The
blade
single-edged
inches long.
mounts
The
beautifully
is
made,
The
to the grip
12
known
rifle
or
is
were
discounted by their
size.
They
rifle;
wooden
description.
The scabbard
sewed
to
its
Despite the
number
is
certainly
staff
of any
but
its
New
price.
listed
Fig.
2.
Bowie
bayonet, wooden
grip(B-)
Maker Unknown
Confederate Bayonet
Figure
all
markings, and
its
It is entirely
without
The
variety,
flat
blade
single-edged
is
of the
is
yataghan
of black
Fig.
in size (C)
Bayonet with
Fig.
grip
and guard
3.
iron
(C)
Maker Unknown
Confederate Bayonet
Figure
14
unstopped
to
fuller
on either
side.
Evidently intended
artillery
sword.
its
BAYONETS / 167
Confederate Bayonet
Maker Unknown
Figure
in
marked contrast
to the
is
slim, light
and
graceful.
is
The
on either
piece.
is
side.
The
casting
is
this
bayonet
this
The scabbard is
the top mount having
One
similar in
in
it
is
was
Fig.
poor casting
(E)
KNIVES
D.
is
Northern
consin,
Michigan and
of today
Illinois.
Many
homemade and as
whether a homemade knife
of these were
it
from Wis-
was carried by a Northern or Southern soldier. However, it is not believed that the side knives were made in the North in the mass production, so to speak, that they were in the South. Those knives which
appear
to
likely to
was
had
it is
tin
easier to
tin
criterion,
it is
nevertheless indicative.
Many
more
files.
When
these
files
wore
out, the
they contained was of too good quality to throw away, and they
ground, a
made from
homemade
to
make
file is
knife
knives.
While a production
knife
made from
file is
not at
all
a sure indica-
than Yankee, for these were issued en masse to Confederate troops, but
KNIVES / 169
Hand-made
knives
number
In recent years a
War
the Civil
who
ferrule,
period as a "bowie."
Oddly enough,
Officially,
knives."
New
Rifles of
to this fascinating
Orleans threw
down
weapon.
their rifles
26, 1861.)
Where
lies
Bowie-knives,
many
29, 1861.)
shown
made from
in
New York
by
a returned
member
of the
9th Infantry.
It
The back
is
York note
in
is
and
to act as barbs.
(New
Company
2,
known
as the
1861.)
be furnished a good
flintlock
1861.)
You must
not wait for a magic weapon, but take the flintlock muskets, the
Make
knives/ 171
Maker
Unknown
Bowie
Confederate
Figure
ream of
m.
Berkley, Va.
The
Second
at
wounds he
The
of
recovering
his
war
Pictured
Upon
Manassas.
Army
is
as a lieutenant therein.
the knife
Ream
and guard are of brass, the former appearing to be an unmilled bayonet grip. Carefully
scratched thereon is "D. M. Ream, 1 1th Miss. Regmt."
The heavy single-edged blade has a clipped point and
war.
grip
brown
This
leather scabbard
is
is
1%
inches wide.
The
hand-stitched.
maker
is
unknown.
Maker Unknown
Figure
1 1
here we have a particularly fine side knife, a production job, and not made for killing buffalo, skinning
rabbits or scraping
for
is
one purpose
single-edged,
mud
spear-shaped,
was made
12%
inches
long.
Guard and grip are cast brass, made in one piece. The
weapon is not unlike the brass-knuckled trench knife
of World W ar I. The scabbard is of leather with no
7
made
piece.
is
17 inches. It
is
a very well-
Fig.
like
16.
a bayonet (C
Fig.
KNIVES / 173
Maker Unknown
Figure
this
an extremely well-made
is
doubtedly
is
a production job.
which un-
knife,
the
pommel
of
Scabbard
is
of
The weapon
from a Confederate
soldier
knuckle guard
by a Maine
Engraved on the
is
officer.
M. Seago." The
"Capt. E.
is:
identity
maker of
the knife.
Maker Unknown
Figure
19
and
inches wide
but no
The blade
false
edge.
is
16%
inch thick!
It
two places
blade
is
weapon
inches long,
is
2%
side knife
is
is
made
of
of oak, riveted in
to the
is
The scabbard
of heavy
is
brown
tin
mount
of the scabbard
at throat
is
and
toe.
On
the underside
a belt sling.
19.
Fig.
iron
"D" guard
(D
many
of Virginia, scene of so
activities. Its history
is
of "Stonewall" Jackson's
unknown,
"D"
as
is its
maker.
guards were
made
in
Confederate Side
Arm
Maker Unknown
Figure
here
what appears
is
to
20
but
its
"feel"
is
maker
is
unknown
certainly Confederate.
It
Its
being
17%
edge.
The guard
22%
is
it
in
hand-to-hand
arm with
single chop.
Maker Unknown
Figure
21
this
is
The blade
20. Bowie with heavy
iron guard (D
Fig.
tang.
is
The scabbard
is
mount
at the throat.
The
no markings.
It
many
mount
came from
toe
knife has
Bowie Knife
The
missing.
is
to
some member
Maker Unknown
Figure
22
is
is
pictured here.
10%
Its
inches long,
The
yellowed ivory.
made.
name
It is
knife
included in
this
Whether
this
is
finely
and beautifully
be owner or maker
is
not known,
al-
though judging from the crudity of the etching compared with the fineness of the balance of the
knife,
artistry to
23
hundred years
to
its
will
liberal,
such
as:
"Death
to
comment
At any
its
at the
end of
rate here
is
it
would appreciate
will
their
this time.
a knife that
made no bones
as to
political feelings. It
holm
&
knife.
lost
no
bets in supplying
North
The
pictured knife
quality merchandise.
is
on the
ricasso:
"Death
is
8%
to Abolition,"
"Geo. Westenholm
&
The
and stamped
Sons, Celebrated
The blade
is
also
best quality."
German
silver guard, grip collar and shell pommel. The scabbard is of red leather with German silver mounts.
The ebony wood
grip
Regardless of political
is
checkered with a
affiliations, this
is
a beautiful
knife.
Maker Unknown
Figure
24
Infantry
Thomas H. Murray
1862.
He
gr'P (C
"The
spirits,
bearing
sundry wrought-iron
bowie-
Fig.
states:
among
their
knives,
minator.'
"
trophies
KNIVES / 177
Although
weapon
pictured
the
is
not
marked
"Yankee Exterminator," one senses that its inscription, "Death to Yankees," more or less conveys the
same sort of meaning. Also inscribed on the blade is
"Croskeys Maker." This last, however, does not begin
to carry the impact of the first statement, which is
understandable even to a child, or at
It
is
fine
bowie
The
knife,
knife
single-edged
is
although
16%
blade,
the
is
this
is
least
my children.
strictly conjecture.
back of which
the
is
severely
etched as stated.
The
grip
is
It
number
of dedicated persons might have extended the war
considerably after April, 1865. What a shame its
tinct feeling that judicious use of
rfl
same by
Fig.
23. Bowie
inscribed
"Death
Abolition" (B
Fig.
to
24. Bowie
inscribed
Yankees"
"Death
(B)
to
^^
AS3
V?
Maker Unknown
Figure
25
known
as
Captain
S.
Com-
T. Dean's
&
"Rough
The
with
inches,
an
double-edged
over-all length of 17
spear-type
blade
12
the grip
a circular disk of
is
flat
scabbard
is
of
tin,
shaped
to
the
it
secure.
The
hollow-ground
spear-pointed blade.
This
is
own, although
to a
as a general rule,
anything belonging
to treasure
Maker Unknown
Confederate Dirk
Figure
a well-finished dirk
is
26
blade,
slims
diamond
down
7%
double-edged
The
ricasso
is
which
stamped
KNIVES / 179
on either
side
"Winchester," but be
point of manufacture
The
grip
at the top
is
is
this
name
flat
iron disk
not known.
The guard
is
of heavy
flat
or
is
peened.
"S"-shaped, very
brass,
is
made bowie
is
tin
in
War
PART
III
MANUFACTURE OF CONFEDERATE
EDGED WEAPONS
DIRECTORY / 183
Alfred,
B. B.
Georgia
ville,
June
1862.
30,
Baker, John
delivered
{Confederate
May
Ga.,
Milledgeville,
1862.
Records
29,
&
Stebbins
&
Co.
Government
Delivered 215 on June
for
8,
1864.
Kind
Bell
&
The
1861,"
bowie
Davis
6,
"D"-guarded
Made
Georgia
pikes
and bowie
knives.
De-
352.)
Mobile, Ala.
Swordmaker. See under Part
Borum, Charles Norfolk, Va.
under Part
I.
I.
&
identified as such.
The Richmond
cutlery grinders
on
Bowie
swords,
bowie
bayonets,
knife
&
Bros."
Georgia
makers
for
edged
weapons.)
May
Southern
Atlanta, Ga.
Confederacy,
Atlanta,
He
with
neatness
and
Milledgeville, Ga.
at the
dis-
(MSK)
196
8,
on
patch."
(All types of
Military Storekeeper
27,
a blacksmith to
State Arsenal
and
The
(Bayonets
May
immediately,
offering
Bradford, T. M.
"Wanted
tisement:
Dispatch of
Christopher, C.J.
double-barreled shotguns.)
&
their
Bissonnet, L.
Boyle
principals were
See
Boyle, saw-
work
knife.
Berry, Will
livered
Atlanta, Ga.
inscribed on a
&
a firm of "Burger
not
or
lists
bayonets.
federate
Con-
Columbia,
S.C.
Had
through August
The
Edwin Boyle (later associated with Boyle, Gamble & MacFee) and P. and H. R. Burger, who
during the war operated as "Burger &
Bros." and were engaged in making all
of Georgia,
page 351.)
Bayser
of
296 bowie
the State Arsenal and Ar-
knives to
of
page 351.)
Georgia
Made and
mory,
{Confederate Records of
page 352.)
Georgia,
4,908
be
and
Bridge."
Co.
106
Dis-
and
lasses.)
On December
31,
Crush
1861,
sale."
for
pistols
the
Richmond Examiner
daily
carried
the
Co., 106
Main
made bowie
"Clarkson
following:
&
ville,
page 352.)
Records of Georgia,
College
Hill Arsenal
Nashville,
Tenn.
under Part
See
I.
(All
types
of
swords.)
Ken-
ansville,
(All types of
edged
weapons.)
Dauphin
Conning, James
Sts.,
& Water
under Part
I.
(All
types
of
swords.)
New Orleans,
La.,
(Bayonets and
cutlasses.)
Cooper,
Mark
A.
Nashville, Tenn.
Dabney, I.
mond, Va.
Had
F.,
Richmond
and cap
Devisme
159.)
France
Maker of the swords carried by
Generals Robert E. Lee and John B.
Hood. See under Part I.
Paris,
DeWitt, A. H.
letter
1922, from
Columbus, Ga.
my
in
files
dated April,
vises
DeWitt
who
with
Milledgeville,
as
agent for an
and Armory,
May
L. T.
Georgia
unknown
Ga.,
Cunningham,
The above,
Arsenal
Va.
bit.
A
I.
Mobile, Ala.
See
I.
Armory
I.
Charleston,
S.C.
Richmond
Advertised in the
Cottrell,
Va.
S.
S.
&
Co.
Richmond,
factory to
to
the
war
Greenwood
&
Gray,
who
follows: "I
of rifles.
the
DIRECTORY / 185
and
sabre and
will give
sabre,
belt
at
you a contract
for
$20.00 per.
am
make
a contract for
page 124,
Dodge, Simon
identified.
Winchester, Va.
Made bowie
tract Book.)
Eastvan (Estvan),
War.
March
27, April 8
May
and
3,
1862,
Armory
and
Milledgeville,
at
Howardsville, Va.
Driscol, T. D.
Confederate
of the
States
I.)
Ga.,
May
1862. (Confederate
22,
John
Made
May
Georgia
27,
State Arsenal
ville,
June
ing
Georgia,
(Confederate
10.
Etowah, Ga.
to
the daily
Hooper has
per week.
Dunlap, T.
Made
Georgia
29
pikes
for
the
State
of
State Arsenal
ville,
Ga.,
May
1,
1862.
(Confederate
page 352.)
Records of Georgia,
design.
flag
W.
pistols
&
sabres
for gold,
livered in Nashville."
Records, Vol. 20,
to be de-
(Captured Rebel
with a
member
These
of the
knives
Grays.
crude foot
with
under Part
for Virginia
ful finish."
left
were
made at the Etowah Iron Works under
Maj. Hooper's personal supervision.
They are handsomely mounted, of excellent workmanship and most beautiAtlanta
I.
of
Richmond
Examiner July 2, 1861: "The Macon
Telegraph says that the Hon. Mark A.
According
Records
page 352.)
Armory.
Esper,
Dorsett, J. R. Georgia
Manufactured pikes for the State of
Georgia, delivering 45, 44 and 143 on
Wilmington,
ville,
B.
N.C.
officer's
The blade
floral
is
a very
sword of standard
is
designs,
crudely etched
a
shield
with
The
other
W.
Harris.
Georgia
Eve, J. C.
Made
and
Milledgeville, Ga., on June
Armory
at
of Georgia,
S.C.
&
Fitzpatrick,
Capt.
Rees
Natchez,
Miss.
of June 8,
the
Natchez
its
(Miss.)
Free
Trader
as
follows:
gem
He
He
also
made
General Earl
&
Folsom, H.
Firmin
defence.
page 352.)
Eyland
Van Dorn.
Co.
St.
Louis, Mo.,
made
prior to the war by a man who was
Northern in his sympathies, and who
later had a contract to make muskets
although
for the
obviously
revolvers
re-
ferred to as "Confederate."
As opposed
to
1859
left
Louis for
St.
and about
New
Orleans,
name and
of swords.
It
to the
to
tell
DIRECTORY / 187
Ford,
J. J.
B. P.
under Part
I).
& Armory
I.
From information
On May 9,
1862, he delivered
May
Armory
at
and another 15 on
12,
far in ad-
Records concerning
him are plentiful but most confusing.
Apparently he was engaged in making:
vance of
his time.
rifles,
found necessary
Army.
The Confederate
the Confed-
in
erate
Records
of Georgia
Milledgeville,
on
Ga.,
May
27,
St.,
Memphis,
The
The above
cember
man
Gray
1862,
page 351.)
Gitter
Tenn.
available,
dries
(Bayonets.)
Gilleland, H. Georgia
Made bowie knives for the State of
Georgia.
and Co-
Milledgeville, Ga.
Graysville
lumbus, Ga.
E. J.
(see
(Swords.)
I).
Gray, John D.
of Georgia,
Records
page 351.)
Armory
under Part
136
delivered
(Confederate
Is stated to
(see
Armory
Macon, Ga.
Georgia
bowie
knives to the State Arsenal and
Armory, Milledgeville, Ga., on June 5,
Freeman,
Columbia, S.C.
Made and
1862.
Glaze, William
86 1 as having
,
fitted
army
up an
cutlery
Rebellion
show
1862, "J. D.
made
senal,"
Records of the
Official
that as of
Gray of
canteens
for
War
of
October
Graysville, Ga.
the
Macon Ar-
From October
1,
for
rifles.
November 1,
State of Alabama
1863, to
the
15,
with
176 Mississippi
rifles,
receiving
Alabama
number
pected he subcontracted a
of
his contracts.
On
October
Colonel
1864,
15,
Gorgas,
rifles
time.
On May
letter to
30, 1862,
Gray addressed
manding
Macon
the
Macon
also
Arsenal and
contract to manufacture
The
rifles
from im-
prevented
senal:
contractors
Ordnance Department
at
Abington, Va. I am also making poleslides and buttons for 1,000 tents to fill a
contract undertaken by White & Co. of
Dalton, Ga. for making canteens, buckets,
poles, /etc. I have no regular contract
signed, sealed and delivered, but when the
departments want these articles, they send
the orders to
I
can.
than
can
fill
in six
ployed at
this
place (Graysville)
making
and
poles.
At Columbus, Ga.
in the
at
Columbus
The
by General Sherman
the
war.
Upon
reaching
found
bearing
name
the
"Gray" or "Greenwood
Series
Part
1,
page 520:
"We
Vol.
bayonet
of either
Gray."
XXX,
number
scabbards,
Gray's
of
etc.
establish-
partly
fabricated.
ment
is
An
Ga., paper of
March
are prepared to
perior
Grind
&
fill
19,
of
at
"We
any
size.
Greenwood
Co.
1863:
all
Stones
Robinet
sus-
&
1,
after
Graysville,
ernor Brown."
Georgia
the celebrated
to
visit
have a
to
be
to
Armory.
Armory
Official Records,
months.
are
&
DIRECTORY / 189
Made
delivering 80 on
March
28, 1862,
an additional 33 on April 10
State Arsenal
ville,
and Armory
to
and
the
at Milledge-
page 352.)
The "Grier" of this firm may have
been the brother-in-law of Samuel
Griswold, whose revolvers for so long a
time were referred to as Griswold &
(Swords.)
Maker
Georgia
Delivered 6
Hammond,
C.
unlocated.
I.
Hatch, Nason
Georgia ?)
found stamped on what appears to be a Georgia pike. Nothing
further known.
(
Name
Hayden, Augustus H.
Charleston,
S.C.
military
outfitters
(see
under
Parti).
250
King
St.,
Charleston, S.C.
I.
Gunnison, A. W.
Foreman
under Part
Griswoldville,
Samuel Griswold
of
Ga.
South
Carolina
May
make
reference to
W. Haber-
9,
1861,
of S. Carolina, touching on a
period. See
(see
I).
Habersham, R. W.
sham
I.
Hall, James M.
den,
Griswold,
Samuel Griswoldville,
Ga.
Pike and revolver maker. See under
gress,
der Part
Senior partner of
Griers.
Part
new
under Part
I.
War
(Swords.)
Haynes, O. S. Georgia
Made and delivered 49 bowie knives
to the State Arsenal and Armory,
Milledgeville, Ga., on April 12, 1862.
(Confederate Records of Georgia, page
351.)
der Part
artillery
tested."
and asking it to be
Nothing further known.
sabre,
I.
Ordnance Department,
Ala.
they
Richmond
blade and
On September
socket iron.
19
contract
Rebel
(Captured
10,000.
for
In
Records, Vol. 93, Chapter IV.)
April, 1864, the firm had written to the
Richmond Ordnance Department requesting permission to finish their old
contract for
starting in
10,000
bayonets before
on the
to the author's
have
any connection with Frederick Heyer.
attention, but are not believed to
Higgins, J.
Made
On May
M.
Georgia
ville,
May
too
(Vol.
thin."
What
94,
is
Chapter IV.)
State Arsenal
page 352.)
is
M. Raleigh,
Heck, Colonel J.
N.C.
&
Co.,
bayonet manufacturers.
On
stamped on the
is
parently of Civil
War
vintage.
It
is
is
German
sil-
of polished
man
silver ferrule at
The
to
Macon, Ga.
Johnson and W.
J. McElroy & Co. of Macon, Ga. (See
these firms under Part I.)
Heyer, Frederick Richmond, Va.
Information received from a grandson of the above indicates that he was a
sword blades
for E. J.
swordsmith
of the Civil
in
Richmond
at the
time
on the
name
of the
flags,
arms,
etc.
I.
W. M.
The
4th
Regiment,
East
Tennessee
juncture of guard.
for frog
Herzog,
Records
of Georgia,
page
352.)
boxes,
shoulder straps,
waist
159.)
DIRECTORY / 191
Hughes, R. J. Georgia
Bowie knife maker, who on April 16,
1862, delivered 1,294 knives and 1,103
belts to the State Arsenal and Armory,
Ga.
Milledgeville,
livered
federate
On May
10,
de-
ville,
Hyer,
F. F.
Georgia
Made and
Armory, Milledge-
ville,
&
Isaac
Co.
1862.
{Con-
page 352.)
Campbell &
(see under Part
(Swords.)
Campbell
Isaac,
&
Co.
London,
erate
who
War
I.
(Swords.)
Isaac,
Saul
Principal
the
firm
London
of
Isaac,
outfitters
& K. Columbia,
S.C.
schmidt
&
under Part
Kraft,
Made
Gold-
swordmakers
(see
I).
Columbus, Ga.
factory of
Greenwood
Columbia, S.C.
sword
the
mounts
and scabbard
Goldschmidt &
hilts
Kraft,
for
I).
Columbia, S.C.
schmidt
&
swordmakers. See
Kraft,
Kraft, Peter W.
St., Columbia, S.C.
I.
181
Richardson
schmidt
Made many
fine
181
I.
Cary
St.,
above
Richmond, Va.
The above, file manufacturers, ad-
9th,
Kind, Peter
One
England
period,
One
I).
P.
Kraft, H.
London, England
Murray superintendent. It is
possible that Kean made all swords
under the Gray or Greenwood & Gray
contract with the Confederacy. None
John
&
Gray,
vertised in the
May
27,
Richmond
Dispatch of
wood
grip (hickory),
stamped
in
large
and
The blade is
"Lan &
letters
Leech
lines).
Tenn.,
Columbus,
der Part
Miss.,
Leech, Thomas
my
timate that
S.
&
Rig-
to
I.
me
ceeding
to
certificate
I
endorse
their
statement
of
state that I
I.
all.
to the
Ga., on April
1862.
19,
{Con-
page 352.)
knew nothing of
was requested
to sign
the letter at
on the half
on the same.
It appears that the good Mr. Marshall
sign-
directs
The
session
is
in the pos-
Museum,
of the Confederate
Richmond, Va.
In
this
ledger
the
above-named
firm.
"interchangeable"
Marshall
&
Made and
Rice
is
The meaning
of
not known.
Georgia
Gorgas,
Confederate Ordnance, on
Chief of
May
26,
1862:
have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of a letter from H. Marshall & Co.,
1
11, 1862,
Major Wright
Marshall
&
H.
Co.":
feriority of the
to
August
State Arsenal
writes
On
it
used.
Martin,
Made
J. J.
State Arsenal
ville,
Georgia
Ga., on April
19,
1862.
{Con-
page 352.)
Massey, O. W. Georgia
Made and delivered 63 pikes to the
State Arsenal and Armory, Milledgeville,
Ga., on April
14,
Matthews, M.
Made and
State Arsenal
E.
1862.
{Con-
page 352.)
Georgia
DIRECTORY / 193
ville,
May
on
Ga.,
1862.
21,
page 352.)
McElroy,
William
{Con-
&
J.,
Co.
Macon, Ga.
Many
all
name on
were made
&
McKennie
Va.
According
March-April,
established
Co.
Charlottesville,
&
Rowyer
by
Lavasseur
&
Orleans. Mitchell
New
of
Tyler evidently
to
in
their
No
identified.
Also see
Part
& Gamble
Boyle
under
I.
&
Mole, Robert,
Sons
Birming-
ham, England
and
bowie knife-shaped
pikes and 1,000 bowie knives from the
above to arm the 48th Regiment
purchase
Alabama
1,000
Militia
for
defense
the
of
under Part
Moore,
Mobile.
Richmond, Va.
outfitters,
who according
and military
to the
1859
Arms
for
volunteers.
passants,
W. &
L. L.
Georgia
to
the
Arsenal
State
and Armory,
199 on
May
{Confederate
9 and 504 on
Records
1862,
May
of Georgia,
13.
page
351.)
Murray, John
P.
46
Broad
St.,
Columbus, Ga.
Military Notice.
officer's
J.
I.
spurs,
together
with
& Murray
in July, 1862:
dealer in shotguns,
flasks,
knives,
rifles,
powder
"Maker and
pistols, dram
flasks,
shot
belts, game bags, gunwads, powder, shot, caps, gun materials and everything in the sporting
pouches, shot
line.
Murray
It
(see).
is
for
this
& Bowman,
and
gunsmiths
held
stated that
"Peck
at a convention of
Atlanta,
in
& Bowman
was
it
had con-
Parti.
Confederate
and
Nelson, H. O. Address undetermined.
According to the magazine Antique
Firearms, January, 1912, page 37, the
above-named emigrated from Germany to this country in 1860 and became connected with the Confederate
Ordnance Department
States
He
lowing year.
the fol-
Ordnance
Atlanta Arsenal.
R.
&
C.
and
"Riggins
W.
Rainey,
L.
Made and
State Arsenal
ville,
put
to
every
razor-like edge
weapon
that
left
was
our
Nisbet, T. C.
Made and
Georgia
delivered 66 pikes to the
State Arsenal
ville,
Ga., on April
15,
Palmetto Armory
1862.
{Con-
page 351.)
Columbia, S.C.
See
Thomas
Georgia
delivered
4,
leigh,
1862.
{Con-
page 352.)
Factory
Bayonet
Raleigh
pikes to the
on April
Ga.,
1 1
Ra-
N.C.
&
known
as
Mr. Nelson.
Cook."
for
of our manager.
standing
supposedly
Initials
"converted an old
Department
"Act
of
Mississippi
Mississippi
Legislature
Read
&
Dickson
for
300 lances.
Humphrey Georgia
Made and delivered 76 pikes
Reid,
to the
State Arsenal and Armory, MilledgeSee under Part I. Made all types of
ville, Ga., on April 24, 1862. {Conarms for the State of South Carolina in
federate Records of Georgia, page 352.)
Peck,
John
C.
Atlanta, Ga.
10-foot pole.
named
was mounted on a
DIRECTORY / 195
Richmond Armory
under the
Armory, Part I.
See
Richmond, Va.
swords,
name
of Virginia
S.
Rigdon, Charles H.
&
K.
comprising
&
Rig-
name, Part
Schley,
Thomas
Riggins,
McMinn
County,
An
March
5,
substantial
contribution
to
effort
of
mory
at Athens,
the
is
Made and
placed
is
in
this
account,
Locally, he
rifles
was known
the South," a
title
Knoxville,
ment.
made or marked
known to the author.
If he
streets,
is
&
swords,
it
is
edged weapons.
On August 28, 1840, this firm wrote
to the U. S. War Department offering
to manufacture for the United States
the following swords and sabres: 2,000
light cavalry sabres, price 3 thalers and
25 silver groschen each; 1,000 noncommissioned officer's swords, blades
32 inches long, price 4 thalers and 12
silver groschen; 100 infantry officer's
9th
and
Richmond, Va.
price 3 thalers
establishment
the daily
by steamship Modern
Greece of 13
its
shortened length,
and 22 groschen.
in
hilt
Richmond
Advertised
noncommissioned
to be chafed and
as
proportionately to
Co.
page 352.)
it
but
Robinson, Adams
Especially
officer's
of
{Con-
same
fall
1862.
Germany
The initials of the above firm are to
be found on much equipment used by
swords,
17,
May
"Armorer of
as
others,
ceipt
on
Ga.,
gen,
credence
ville,
Ar-
stated
Main
Georgia
Schnitzler
to
not
W.
war
in their
Ga. Riggins
Kirsch-
III.
State Arsenal
article in the Confederate Veteran,
&
Tenn.
Schnitzler
for
and heavy
Solingen, Germany
Initials
light
of
Nashville, Tenn.
the
better
sword-making
known
as
the
name, Part
I.
Vol.
1,
Smith,
War
Records of the
Official
John
XXX,
C.
Part
On
2,
page 571.)
Georgia
of Rebellion,
April
1862,
he de-
and
Armory, Milledgeville, Ga., and an
additional 55 on May 21. {Confederate
Records of Georgia, page 351.)
livered 50 to the State Arsenal
Spear, C.
S.
Columbus, Ga.
name
is
Exchange Ho-
Richmond, Va.
The above
mond
May
27, 1861, as a
Mur
Military
Staton, John L.
The
following
Scottsville,
Va.
advertisement
8,
Staton."
Stevens, H.
Pike
See Part
T. G.
maker
&
I.
Co.,
Initials
name, Part
I.
La.
ons. See
Made and
N.O.
Georgia
delivered
State Arsenal
1 1
pikes to the
Ga., on April
1862.
19,
{Con-
page 352.)
Portsmouth, Va.
tent
poles
Confederacy.
and
knives
and
pins
for
made
the
tent
Possibly
with
cutlasses
turned
A
ap-
July
this
New Or-
Co.,
the
Dispatch of
See under
leans.
ville,
Haiman &
&
Thomas, Griswold
circular
printed
in
Rich-
Richmond,
11, 1861,
an-
to
DIRECTORY / 197
employed and one of their first contracts with the Confederacy consisted
factory
flint
Manu-
old Virginia
the
of altering
rifles, pistols
ma-
Ordnance were
also
rifle pistols.
flasks,
der
dress
a product of
this plant.
bayonets, making a
per. This, in
Walsoneid, W.
Vol. 91
%,
55.)
Armory
Virginia
Richmond, Va.
I.
during
(Sabres.)
Solingen, Germany
under Part
the
Civil
War.
See
I.
Watkins, W. N. Georgia
Made and delivered 12 pikes to the
State Arsenal and Armory, Milledgeville, Ga., on May 23,
1862. {Confederate Records of Georgia, page 352.)
Weed, N.
Georgia
Made bowie
On
State of Georgia.
April
1,
1862,
day.
On
ditional knives
and 159
pikes.
{Con-
pages 351-
352.)
the above:
canes,
St.
an advertisement by
Bowie knives,
money
travelers
dirks,
sword-
belts,
liquor
flasks,
game
was given
pow-
belts,
The
bags, etc."
ad-
as
Charles Hotel."
Wells, Uriah
Petersburg, Va.
The Petersburg
Brockett.
swords
of
to percussion.
A number
The blade
is
made
of highest
has
community, September 3,
1864. Funeral at the Grace Episcopal
Church."
loss
to the
Whilden, William G.
Charleston,
S.C.
Whilden,
War.
Civil
Part
military
See
Hayden
outfitters
under
firm
of
&
the
name,
I.
Records of Georgia,
made
also
shoe
lasts,
and
dies,
Williams, E.
Made
P.
Georgia
number
He
Arms never
identified.
10,
1862, and
on
Maker
See Part
of the
first
Confederate pikes.
I.
Winn, D. H.
Records,
scabbards.
Vol.
Rebel
90,
Woodruff, D.
Made
B.
Georgia
and
of Georgia,
page 352.)
Wyman,
Made
G. N.,
&
Co.
Augusta, Ga.
and
Ga., on
Armory
at
April
1862.
9,
Milledgeville,
{Confederate Records
of
Zimmerman,
Made
J. C.
pikes
&
Co.
Georgia
State of Georgia.
Georgia
{Captured
160.)
Delivered
bayonet
On
April
for the
19,
1862,
William H. Elder.
See under Elder's name, Part III.
Made
in connection with
Wolfe,
Had
Armory
I.
W.
Milledgeville, Ga., 91
knives
Richmond
boxes and
and 45
30.
{Con-
351
352.)