Modul 3 BK11 Kertas 2 (Jawapan)

1
CHAPTER 10: RATE OF REACTION
1

(a)
(b)

(d)

Concentration of HCl // Presence of catalyst/CuSO4

(i)

Rate of reaction for Experiment II is higher.

(ii)

Heat the hydrochloric acid // Increase the temperature of HCl

(iii)

Concentration of HCl in Experiment II is double.

The number of moles of H+ ions in Experiment II is double.

1
1
1+1

(i)

Mg + 2HCl MgCl2 + H2

(ii)

No. of moles of HCl = 25 0.2

1000
= 0.005 mol

Ratio of mole of HCl : H2

1 : 1
0.005 : 0.005

Volume of H2 gas

= 0.005 24 dm3
= 0.12 dm3

...2
...2

...3

Mass of magnesium / g

Time / s
[Shape of the graph]

1
TOTAL

AKRAM

11

JPNT

Modul 3 BK11 Kertas 2 (Jawapan)

2
2

(a)
(b)

(i)

Time taken for the salt X dissolved in water in beaker B is shorter.

Temperature of water in beaker B is higher.
Chemical equation:
Zn + 2HNO3 Zn(NO3)2 + H2
Name of the gas released is hydrogen.
Number of mole of HNO3

1
1

...2

1+1
1

= 0.2 20/1000
= 0.004 mol

From the equation:

2 mol of HNO3 : 1 mol of H2
Therefore:
0.004 mol of HNO3 : 0.002 mol of H2

Volume of H2 = 0.002 24
= 0.048 dm3
= 48 cm3

...6

1
1

...2

1
1
1
1

...4

Diagram:

Burette

Nitric acid
Water

Zinc
(ii)

[Functional diagram]
[Labels]
[Refer to graph paper on page 3]
[Correct axis with unit; y: Volume of gas released (cm3) & x: Time (s)
[Suitable scale]
[All points are transferred at correct coordinates]
[Smooth line of the graph]
Average rate of reaction for the whole reaction:
45

1+1

= 0.214 cm3 s-1

210
Average rate
of reaction between 60 s to 120 s:
38 - 22
120 - 60

= 0.267 cm3 s-1

1+1

Rate of reaction at 120 s:

[refer to triangle on the graph]
55 - 25
250 - 25

= 0.133 cm3 s-1

1+1
TOTAL

AKRAM

...6
20

JPNT

Graph of Volume of gas released against Time

55
Modul
3 BK11 Kertas 2 (Jawapan)

3
50

45
38
40

35

30
250 - 25
22

25

20

15

10
60
5

Vo

CHAPTER 11: CARBON COMPOUNDS

AKRAM

JPNT

Modul 3 BK11 Kertas 2 (Jawapan)

4
3

(a)

CnH2n

(b)

Nickel / Platinum

(c)

Hydration / Addition of water

(d)
(e)

C3H6 + H2O C3H7OH

H C C C OH
H

Name : Propan-1-ol

OH

H C

C CH3
1+1

Name : Propan-2-ol

1+1

Remark :
[ 1 mark for structural formula + 1 mark for the name of each isomer]
4
(f)

C3H6 is unsaturated hydrocarbon // C3H6 undergo addition reaction.

C3H8 is saturated hydrocarbon // C3H8 does not undergo addition
reaction.

1
1

TOTAL

AKRAM

2
10

JPNT

Modul 3 BK11 Kertas 2 (Jawapan)

5
4

(a)

Alkene

(b)

1. But-1-ene
H

H
1

HC = C C C H
H

2. Butan-1-ol
H

H
1

H C C C C OH

(c)

H
H
H
C4H9OH

(i)

C4H8

(ii)

Hydration // Addition of water

Porcelain chips // Aluminium oxide // Concentrated sulphuric acid

1. [Functional diagram]
2. [ Label of : Butan-1-ol, water, porcelain chips / aluminium
oxide/alumina ]

(d)

H
H2O

...2

1
1

Sample answer :

2
(e)
(f)

(i)
(ii)

Purple colour is decolourised / turn to colourless

C3H7COOC4H9
[accept : C8H16O2 ]
Sweet / Nice / Pleasant / Fruity smell

1
1
TOTAL

AKRAM

11

JPNT

Modul 3 BK11 Kertas 2 (Jawapan)

6
4

(a)

Carbon dioxide/ CO2 and water/ H2O

[Any one correct chemical equation]

Example
2C4H10 + 13O2

8CO2 + 10H2O
[Correct chemical formulae of reactants and products]
[Balanced equation]
(b)

(c)

(d)

(i)

1
1

...3

Compound B & Compound D

Same molecular formula / C4H8
Different structural formula

1
1
1

...3

Pour compound A/B into a test tube

Add bromine water to the test tube
Test tube contain compound A unchanged
Test tube contain compound B brown colour turn colourless
or
Pour compound A/B into a test tube
Add acidified Potassium manganate(VII) solution to the test tube
Test tube contain compound A unchanged
Test tube contain compound B purple colour turn colourless

1
1
1
1

...4

[Any members of carboxylic acid and correct ester]

Example :
1
1
1

[Methanoic acid]
[Prophylmethanoate]

(ii)

Pour 2 cm3 of [methanoic acid] into a boiling tube

Add 2 cm3 of propanol/compound E into the boiling tube
Slowly/carefully/drop 1 cm3 of concentrated sulphuric acid
Heated (with a small flame) the mixture
Pour the mixture in a beaker that contain water
Observation : formed liquid that fruity smell /float on water surface
TOTAL

AKRAM

...4

1
1
1
1
1
1

6
20

JPNT

Modul 3 BK11 Kertas 2 (Jawapan)

7

(a)

1. Number of mole of S = 48 /240000 // 0.002

2. Number of mole of CO2 = 288 /240000 // 0.012

0.002 mol of S produce 0.012 mol of CO2

So; 1 mol of S produces 6 mol of CO2
3.

(b)

(i)
(ii)

Number of carbon atom per molecule = 6

4. Molecular formula is C6H12

P : ethanol
W : propene
1. Ethanol / P undergo dehydration to produce ethene and water //
Ethanol / P undergo removal of water to produce ethene.
2. Ethanol is passed over a heated aluminium oxide / unglazed
porcelain chips /porous pot / pumice stone (catalyst) // Ethanol is
heated under reflux at 170 oC with excess concentrated sulphuric
acid.
3.

C2H5OH

C2H4

...4

H2 O

[Correct formula of reactant and products]

[Balanced equation]
(c)

1
1
1
1

1
1

List of apparatus :
Bulldog clip, retort stand and clamps, metre ruler, weights
Procedure :
1. Cut vulcanized and unvulcanized rubber strips of the same size.
2. Hang both the rubber strips using bulldog clips.
3. Measure and record the initial length of both rubber strips.
4. Hang a [10-100] g weight to the end of each rubber strip.
5. Measure and record the length of each rubber strip during the
stretching.
6. Remove the weight; measure and record the length of both rubber
strips.

...6

1
1
1
1
1
1
1

Observation :
Stretching
phases
Before
During
After
AKRAM

Length of vulcanized
rubber strip / mm

Length of
unvulcanized rubber
strip / mm

[50]

[50]

[64] /
[more than initial length]
[50] /
[same as initial length]

[65] /
[more than initial length]
[54] /
[more than initial length]
JPNT

Modul 3 BK11 Kertas 2 (Jawapan)

8
1+1
Vulcanized rubber is more elastic than unvulcanized rubber.
1 .10
TOTAL

20

CHAPTER 12: OXIDATION & REDUCTION (REDOX)

7

(a)

(i)

Oxidation and reduction occur at the same time

(ii)

H2 + PbO Pb + H2O

(iii)

+2

(iv)

Hydrogen

(b)

Zinc, lead, metal X

(c)

Copper

(d)

Set II :
The reaction occur because hydrogen is more reactive than metal X

1+1

(e)

Set III :
The reaction does not occur because hydrogen is less reactive than
zinc

...2

[Functional diagram]
[Labelled]

1
1

...2

Combustion tube

X oxide

Dry hydrogen gas

Bunsen burner

Porcelain boat

TOTAL

(a)

(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)

(b)

(e)

(v)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)

To allow the flow/movement of ions through it.

Potassium iodide solution

1
1
1

4 H2O
8 H+ + .......
5 e Mn2+ + .........
MnO4- + ........
+7 to +2
Reduction

1
1

Iron(II) sulphate solution

From zinc to copper
The blue colour of solution becomes light blue
The concentration/ the number of copper(II) ion decreased
Zinc
Zinc is easier to release electron/more electropositive than copper
TOTAL

AKRAM

11

...2
1
1
1
1

1
1

...2
11

JPNT

Modul 3 BK11 Kertas 2 (Jawapan)

9

(a)

(i)
(ii)

(b)

(i)

Metal X : Tin // Lead // Copper

Metal Y : Magnesium // Aluminium // Zinc
Experiment I :
1. Metal P is less electropositive than iron
2. Iron is oxidized
3. Iron losses electron // Fe Fe2+ + 2e
4. Dark blue precipitate indicates the presence of Fe2+ ion

1
1
1
1
1
1

Experiment II :
5. Metal Q is more electropositive than iron
6. Metal Q is oxidized // Metal Q losses electron
7. Water and oxygen receive electron // 2H2O + O2 + 4e 4OH8. Pink colouration indicates the presence of OH- ion
Test tube P :
1. Green colour of iron(II) sulphate change to brown
2. [Correct formula of reactants and products]
3. [Balanced equation]
Cl2
+ 2Fe2+
2Cl+
2Fe3+
Test tube Q :
1. Colourless solution of potassium iodide change to brown
2. [Correct formula of reactants and products]
3. [Balanced equation]
-

(ii)

Cl2
+ 2I
2Cl
Test tube P : Cl- ion and Fe3+ ion
Test tube Q : Cl- ion and I2

1
1
1
1

...8

1
1
1

1
1
1

...6

1+1
1+1

...4

I2

TOTAL

AKRAM

...2

20

JPNT

Modul 3 BK11 Kertas 2 (Jawapan)

10

CHAPTER 13: THERMOCHEMISTRY

10

(a)
(b)

(i)

(ii)

Heat of precipitation is the heat change when one mole of a precipitate

is formed from its ion in aqueous solution
The heat released = mc
= (50 + 50) 4.2 3.5
= 1470 J
Number of moles of Ag+
Energy
Number of moles of Cl-

(iii)

(iv)

= (50 0.5)
1000
= 0.025 mol

= (50 0.5)
1000
= 0.025 mol

From the ionic equation in (d):

H = - 58.8 kJ mol-1
+
1 molAg+
of Ag+
/Cl
Cl-form 1 mol of AgCl
AgCl
Therefore;
+
0.025 mol of Ag /Cl form 0.025 mol of AgCl
=

1
0.025

...2

...1
1

x 1470 J

= 58 800 J
Heat of precipitation of AgCl, H = - 58.8 kJ mol-1

...2

(c)

1. Label of axes
2. Energy level of reactants and products with correct formula of
reactants and products
3. Heat of precipitation written
(d)

...3

Ag+ + Cl- AgCl

1
TOTAL

AKRAM

1
1

10

JPNT

Energy

Modul 3 BK11 Kertas 2 (Jawapan)

11
H= - 57 kJ mol-1
H+ + OH-// HCl + NaOH/KOH
H2O // NaCl / KCl + H2O
11

(a)

(i)

Sodium hydroxide solution // Potassium hydroxide solution

(ii)

(iii)

(b)

1. Draw a vertical line with arrow and label Energy AND 2 lines
with different levels
2. Reactants & products are at correct energy levels
3. H= -57 kJ mol-1 is stated at correct position

1
1
1

1. One mole of acid / H+ react with one mole of alkali / OH- to form
one mole of water (and salt)
2. Released 57 kJ heat // Exothermic process
3. The total energy content of reactants is higher than products

1
1
1

...3

Lead(II) sulphate // [any insoluble salts]

Materials
Lead(II) nitrate solution, sodium sulphate solution // [any soluble
sulphate] // sulphuric acid

Apparatus
Measuring cylinder, plastic/polystyrene cup, thermometer

Procedure
1. Measure [20-100] cm3 of [0.1-2.0] mol dm-3 lead(II) nitrate solution
and pour the solution into a plastic / polystyrene cup
2. Record the initial temperature of the solution.
3. Measure [20-100] cm3 of [0.1-2.0] mol dm-3 sodium sulphate
solution and pour the solution into another plastic / polystyrene cup
4. Record the initial temperature of the solution
5. Pour the lead(II) sulphate solution quickly into the sodium sulphate
solution
6. Stir the mixture
7. Record the highest temperature reached.
AKRAM

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
JPNT

Modul 3 BK11 Kertas 2 (Jawapan)

12

Result :
Initial temperature of lead(II) nitrate solution
Initial temperature of sodium sulphate solution
Highest temperature reached

=
=
=

T1 C
T2 C
T3 C

Calculation
Average initial temperature = T1 + T2
2
= T4 C
Temperature change = T3 T4
=
Heat released = [Total volume of solutions] 4.2
=xJ

Number of mole =

MV
1000
= y mol

Heat of precipitation = x /1000 kJ mol-1

y

1
TOTAL

AKRAM

Max
13
20

JPNT

Modul 3 BK11 Kertas 2 (Jawapan)

13

CHAPTER 14: CHEMICALS FOR CONSUMERS

12

(a)

(i)

O
S O

_
1

O
(ii)

b.

(i)

Hard water contains calcium ion and magnesium ion

CH3
Detergent particles / ion
react with calcium ion / magnesium ion /
C
hard water
O to form soluble salt // does not form scum
COOH
O form scum // insoluble salt
Soap
particles / ion

1
1
1

Analgesic

...3
1

(ii)
1

(iii)

Internal bleeding // Stomach ulcer

(iv)

Paracetamol

1
TOTAL

13

(a)

(i)

(ii)

AKRAM

1. Tomato puree is used as a colouring agent to restore the colour of

the food.
2. Sugar // spice is used as a flavouring agent to enhance the taste
of food
3. Permitted modified starch is used as thickener to thicken food.
[Any two]
Advantage :
To prevent food from spoilage //
To improve appearance, texture or taste
Disadvantage :
Lead to serious diseases like asthma, and cancer

2+2

...4

1
1

...2

JPNT

Modul 3 BK11 Kertas 2 (Jawapan)

14
(b)

(c)

Part
A
B

Name
hydrophobic
hydrophilic

Properties
Soluble in oil or grease
Insoluble in oil or grease //
Soluble in water

Hard water contains Mg2+ ion and Mg2+ ion.

Soap reacts with the ions to form scum / insoluble salt.
Detergent reacts with the ions to form soluble salt //
Detergent does not form scum in hard water.
Cleaning action of soap is less effective than detergent in hard
water.

1+1
1+1

...4

1
1
1
1

...4

(d)
Student

Name of
medicine

Aisyah

Paracetamol /
Aspirin

Abu
Bakar

AKRAM

Penicillin/
Streptomycin

Type of
medicine

Correct usage

Analgesic

Proper dosage //
Taken after food //
Taken with doctors
prescription

Antibiotic

Complete course //
Taken by injection //
Proper dosage //
Taken after food //
Taken with doctors
prescription

1+1
+1

1+1
+1

...6

JPNT

Modul 3 BK11 Kertas 2 (Jawapan)

15

AKRAM

JPNT