Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
The
supplementary
methods are illustrated in
boxes,
with
brief
explanations. The aim is to
suggest simple methods
that can be used in
conjunction with the main
method being discussed.
The forma varios, but
usually has a brief
statement of the sorts of
problema the method can
help with, plus a brief
exhibit or illustration of the
method and concluding
advice.
Our Assumptions About
"Data'.
For the methods in this
and following chapters,
we as-sume that the fieldworker has collected
information in the form of
handwritten or typed
field
notes,'
notes
dictated a fter field
contact, or tape recordings
of interviews or other
events in the field setting.
In al! cases, we are
focusing on words as the
basic form in which the
data are found.2
We further assume that
the basic, raw data (the seri
bbled field notes, the
dictated tapes, the dire,ct
tape recordings) must he
processed before they are
available for analysis.
Field notes must be
converted loto "wrteups," either typed
directly or transcribed
from dictation. A writc-up
is an intelligible product
for anyone, not just for the
fieldworker, ft can be read,
edited
for
accuracy,
commented on, coded, and
analyzed using any of the
methods we are about to
describe.
Raw field notes are
usually fairly illegible and
eontain
private
abbreviations. They are
ar
Now, on to the
methods.
They
are
arranged roughly from
earlier to later in data
collection and from simple
to complex. Beginning
with the contact summary
sheet, a simple way to
summarize time-limitad
data, we proceed through
first-level coding, secondlevel or pattern codes,
and the process of
deriving even
more
general themes called
mernoing. As more and
more data pile up, the case
analysis meeting and the
interim case summary are
crucial for understanding.
The vignette presenta
focused,
timelimited
information on ene or
several episodes. The prestructured case is an
economice]
way
of
integrating case data.
We conclude this
chapter with a section en
sequential
analysis,
illustrating how methods
of this sort can follow
each other in a flow over
Sh
ee
t
An
aly
sis
Pr
ob
le
m
on
ta
Brief Description
time.
A.
C
ct
Su
m
m
A contact summary is a
single sheet with some
focusing or surnmarizing
questions
about
a
particular field contact.
The field-worker reviews
the written-up field notes
and answers each question
briefly to develop an
oyeran summary of the
ODT IITIIPHANESt
VIEW LIBRARY