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Bones
-Standinga. Iliac crests
- Palpate with thumbs inferior to
umbilicus
b. ASIS
- Lateral to iliac crests, follow downward
curve of crests to ASIS
c. PSIS
- Follow downward curve of crests
- Broader, sturdier, rougher than ASIS
d. Greater trochanter of femur
- Thumb on iliac crest
- Middle finger at lateral aspect of thigh
- Instruct client to stand on opposite
side of leg, passively rotate the test
limb
e. Fold of the buttocks
- Prominent when standing
-Supinef.
-
Pubic Tubercle
Palpate on upper border of pubis at
level of genitalia
-Prone or Sittingj.
-
Ischial Tuberosity
Sitting: buttock area, directly in
contact with seat
Side lying: flex hip/knee, along buttock
area
Standing: partner in front of table,
bend forward at waist, flex hip
(support weight with hand)
Muscles
-Pronea. Gluteus Maximus
- Resist hip extension and lateral
rotation
b. Hamstrings
- Resist hip extension and internal
rotation
- Repeat with resistance
c. Quadratus Femoris
- Finger between ischial tuberosity and
greater trochanter
- Resist external rotation
-Supined. Sartorius
- Position clients leg towards hip
flexion, knee flexion, external rotation
- Resist knee flexion
e. Tensor Fascia Lata
- Bring leg up, 70 deg flex, internally
rotated
- Resist knee flexion and internal
rotation
f. Pectineus
- Palpating finger on medial part of
thigh
- Instruct to flex hips with adduction and
external rotation
- Stop before legs are crossed
- Provide resistance
Sitting
g. Psoas Major
Gluteus medius
Lateral to iliac crest and greater
trochanter
Resist abduction
Prone or side-lying
j.
-
Piriformis
Posterior to greater trochanter
Resist external rotation
Muscles
-Supinea. Rectus Femoris
- slightly flex hip
- palpate triangular area between Sartorius
length and tensor fascia latae
b. Vastus intermedius
- grasp and lift rectus femoris
- beneth rectus femoris
KNEE COMPLEX
Bones
-Sit, knee flexed at 90 dega.
b.
c.
d.
-
Femoral Condyles
From patella, move laterally/ medially
Tibiofemoral joint line
Depression, inferior from condyles
To check rotate tibia
Tibial tuberosity
Inferior from patella
Roughened area
Tibial crest
From tuberosity, palpate sharp edge
down to ankle
e. Medial collateral ligament
- From tf joint line anterior aspect, move
medially, until tf joint line is
obstructed
f. Medial meniscus
- Internal rotation of tibia
- Anterior to MCL
Cross leg position
g. Lateral collateral ligament
- Finger on lateral condyle of femur,
finger on fibular head
- Move two together
Muscle
-Prone-
a. Gastrocnemius
a. Medial Malleolus
- resist plantarflexion
b. Sustentaculum tali
b. Soleus
- medial
c. Tibialis Posterior
c. Navicular tuberosity
d. Head of Talus
e. Dome of Talus
- most exposed
f. first cuneiform
g. lateral malleolus
-Side Lying-
h. calcaneus
- lateral tuberosity
-Supineth
g. Tibialis Anterior
- resist dorsiflexion and inversion
*note: look for tendon first
h. Extensor Hallucis Longus
- resist extension of big toe at MTP and IP
joints
i. Extensor Digitorum Longus