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Contents
Anchorage............................................................................................................ 5
Apron:...................................................................................................................... 5
AFT....................................................................................................................... 5
Backhaul.............................................................................................................. 5
Barge.................................................................................................................... 5
Berth:................................................................................................................... 5
Board of Commissioners...................................................................................... 5
bollard.................................................................................................................. 5
Box....................................................................................................................... 5
Breakbulk cargo................................................................................................... 5
Bulk cargo............................................................................................................ 5
Bulkhead.............................................................................................................. 5
Buoys................................................................................................................... 5
BALLAST............................................................................................................... 5
B/d........................................................................................................................ 6
Capacity............................................................................................................... 6
Captive cargo port................................................................................................ 6
Cargo.................................................................................................................... 6
Chandlers............................................................................................................. 6
Channels of distribution....................................................................................... 6
Chock................................................................................................................... 6
Clerks................................................................................................................... 6
Consignment........................................................................................................ 6
Container............................................................................................................. 6
Container freight station...................................................................................... 7
Container chassis................................................................................................. 7
Container crane:.................................................................................................. 7
Container terminal............................................................................................... 7
Containerization................................................................................................... 7
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CLIP Training Academy Port & Harbour
Craft..................................................................................................................... 7
Customs............................................................................................................... 7
CABLE SHIP.......................................................................................................... 7
CLEAN SHIP.......................................................................................................... 7
Dead Weight Tonnage (DWT):..............................................................................8
Deck barge........................................................................................................... 8
Demurrage........................................................................................................... 8
Dock..................................................................................................................... 8
Dockage............................................................................................................... 8
Draft..................................................................................................................... 8
Dredge................................................................................................................. 8
Dry bulk................................................................................................................ 8
Elevator................................................................................................................ 8
EEC....................................................................................................................... 9
Fleeting:............................................................................................................... 9
FIREMAN............................................................................................................... 9
gantry crane......................................................................................................... 9
Harbour................................................................................................................ 9
Heavy hauler........................................................................................................ 9
Heavy lift.............................................................................................................. 9
Home port............................................................................................................ 9
Hostler (or hustler):.............................................................................................. 9
HARBOUR MASTER (Port Captain)......................................................................10
Interchange........................................................................................................ 10
ISO..................................................................................................................... 10
launch service.................................................................................................... 10
LCL..................................................................................................................... 10
Length Overall (LOA):......................................................................................... 10
Lift On-Lift Off (LO/LO):....................................................................................... 10
long ton.............................................................................................................. 10
LAID-UP -............................................................................................................ 10
marine surveyor................................................................................................. 11
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CLIP Training Academy Port & Harbour
master................................................................................................................ 11
Marshaling yard.................................................................................................. 11
Mean low water.................................................................................................. 11
Mean high water................................................................................................ 11
Mooring dolphin................................................................................................. 11
MAIN DECK......................................................................................................... 11
NATIONAL FLAG.................................................................................................. 11
On-dock rail........................................................................................................ 11
On-terminal rail.................................................................................................. 11
Operating port:................................................................................................... 11
OFF-LOAD -......................................................................................................... 11
Port..................................................................................................................... 11
PALLET................................................................................................................ 11
Railhead............................................................................................................. 12
Refrigeration or reefer units...............................................................................12
Ro/ro................................................................................................................... 12
Rubber-Tired Gantry (RTG):................................................................................12
Sheddage........................................................................................................... 12
Short ton............................................................................................................ 12
Spreader............................................................................................................ 12
Stevedores:........................................................................................................ 12
Straddle carrier.................................................................................................. 12
Stripping............................................................................................................. 12
SHIFTING............................................................................................................ 12
Terminal.............................................................................................................. 12
Toplift................................................................................................................. 12
Towboat.............................................................................................................. 12
Transit port......................................................................................................... 13
Transit shed........................................................................................................ 13
Transshipment.................................................................................................... 13
Transtainer......................................................................................................... 13
Trucks................................................................................................................. 13
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Tugboat:............................................................................................................. 13
Twenty Foot Equivalent Unit (TEU):....................................................................13
Vessel:................................................................................................................ 13
VLCC................................................................................................................... 13
Warehouse:........................................................................................................ 13
Wharf:................................................................................................................ 13
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CLIP Training Academy Port & Harbour
A
Anchorage: Port charge relating to a vessel moored at approved anchorage site in
a harbour.
Apron: The area immediately in front of or behind a wharf shed on which cargo is
lifted. On the "front apron," cargo is unloaded from or loaded onto a ship. Behind
the shed, cargo moves over the "rear apron" into and out of railroad cars.
AFT - Near or toward the stern of the vessel.
ANCHOR HANDLING TUG - Tug that moves anchors and tow drilling vessels,
lighters and similar. Also ANCHOR HANDLING TUG/SUPPLY used also for supplies
AMIDSHIPS - Generally speaking the word amidships means in the middle portion
of a vessel.
ASTERN - Behind, or a backward direction in the line of a vessel's fore and aft line.
When a vessel moves backwards it is said to move astern; opposite to ahead.
AUTOMATIC PILOT - An instrument that controls automatically a vessel's steering
gear to enable her to follow a pre-determined track through the water.
B
Backhaul: To haul a shipment back over part of a route which it has already
travelled; a marine transportation carriers return movement of cargo, usually
opposite from the direction of its primary cargo distribution.
Barge: A large, flat-bottomed boat used to carry cargo from a port to shallow-draft
waterways. Barges have no locomotion and are pushed by towboats. A single,
standard barge can hold 1,500 tons of cargo or as much as either 15 railroad cars or
60 trucks can carry. A barge is 200 feet long, 35 feet wide and has a draft of 9 feet.
Barges carry dry bulk (grain, coal, lumber, gravel, etc.) and liquid bulk (petroleum,
vegetable oils, molasses, etc.).
Berth: (verb) To bring a ship to a berth. (noun) The wharf space at which a ship
docks. A wharf may have two or three berths, depending on the length of incoming
ships.
Board of Commissioners: The members of the governing board of a port
authority are called commissioners. Members of a Board of Commissioners can be
elected or appointed and usually serve for several years.
bollard: A line-securing device on a wharf around which mooring and berthing lines
are fastened.
Box: Slang term for a container.
Breakbulk cargo: Non-containerized general cargo stored in boxes, bales, pallets
or other units to be loaded onto or discharged from ships or other forms of
transportation. Examples include iron, steel, machinery, linerboard and woodpulp.
Bulk cargo: Loose cargo (dry or liquid) that is loaded (shoveled, scooped, forked,
mechanically conveyed or pumped) in volume directly into a ships hold; e.g., grain,
coal and oil.
Bulkhead: A structure used to protect against shifting cargo and/or to separate the
load.
Buoys: Floats that warn of hazards such as rocks or shallow ground, to help ships
manoeuvre through unfamiliar harbours.
BALLAST - Heavy substances loaded by a vessel to improve stability, trim, sea5
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keeping and to increase the immersion at the propeller. In the days of sail rocks and
sand were used. Modern ships use seawater loaded in ballast tanks placed at the
bottom of the ship, or in some cases on the sides called wing tanks. Tankers admit
ballast water into the cargo tanks to submerge the vessel to a proper trim. When
ballast tanks are not connected with the cargo system they are referred to as
SEGREGATED BALLAST TANKS.
BARGE - Flat-bottomed boat for carrying cargo on protected waterways, usually
without engines or crew accommodations. On inland river systems barges can be
lashed together and either pushed or pulled by tugs and handle cargo of 60,000
tonnes or more. Small barges for carrying cargo between ship and shore are known
as lighters.
B/d -Barrels per day (measure of petroleum production).
BEAM - The width of a ship. Also called breadth.
B/L TON (also Freight Ton) - the greater weight or measurement of goods where
1 tonnes is either 1,000 kg or 1 cubic metre.
BOILERS - Steam generating units used aboard ship to provide steam for
propulsion and for heating and other auxiliary purposes.
BONDED WAREHOUSE - An area of security approved by custom authorities for
the safekeeping or deposit of goods liable for excise duty but not yet subject to that
duty.
BREAKBULK VESSEL - A general, multipurpose, cargo ship that carriers cargoes of
non-uniform sizes, often on pallets, resulting in labour-intensive loading and
unloading.
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CLIP Training Academy Port & Harbour
Chock: A piece of wood or other material put next to cargo to prevent it from
shifting.
Clerks: When cargo is unloaded from a ship, a clerk checks the actual count of the
goods (number of boxes, drums, bundles, pipes, etc.) versus the amount listed on
the ships manifest. He will note shortages, overages or damage. This is used to
make claims if needed.
Consignment: A shipment of goods. The buyer of this shipment is called the
consignee; the seller of the goods is called the consignor.
Container: A box made of aluminium, steel or fiberglass used to transport cargo by
ship, rail, truck or barge. Common dimensions are 20' x 8 x 8' (called a TEU or
twenty-foot equivalent unit) or 40' x 8' x 8', called an FEU. Variations are collapsible
containers, tank containers (for liquids) and "rag tops" (open-topped containers
covered by a tarpaulin for cargo that sticks above the top of a closed box). In the
container industry, containers are usually simply called boxes.
Container freight station: The facility for stuffing and stripping a container of its
cargo, especially for movement by railroad.
Container chassis: A piece of equipment specifically designed for the movement
of containers by highway to and from container terminals.
Container crane: Usually, a rail-mounted gantry crane located on a wharf for the
purpose of loading and unloading containers on vessels.
Container terminal: A specialized facility where ocean container vessels dock to
discharge and load containers, equipped with cranes with a safe lifting capacity of
35-40 tons, with booms having an outreach of up to 120 feet in order to reach the
outside cells of vessels. Most such cranes operate on rail tracks and have
articulating rail trucks on each of their four legs, enabling them to traverse along
the terminal and work various bays on the vessel and for more than one crane to
work a single vessel simultaneously. Most terminals have direct rail access and
container storage areas, and are served by highway carriers.
Containerization: The technique of using a container to store, protect and handle
cargo while it is in transit. This shipping method has both greatly expedited the
speed at which cargo is moved from origin to destination and lowered shipping
costs.
Craft: A boat, ship or airplane.
Customs: A duty or tax on imported goods. These fees are a major bonus to the
economy. The Customs Department also works to prevent the importation of illegal
drugs and contraband.
CABLE SHIP - a specially constructed ship for the laying and repairing of telegraph
and telephone cables across channels, seas, lakes, and oceans.
CARGO HANDLING - The act of loading and discharging a cargo ship.
CHEMICAL TANKER - Ship specially designed for the transport of chemicals.
CHIEF ENGINEER - The senior engineer officer responsible for the satisfactory
working and upkeep of the main and auxiliary machinery and boiler plant on board
ship.
CHIEF MATE - The officer in the deck department next in rank to the master;
second in command of a ship.
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CLIP Training Academy Port & Harbour
CLEAN SHIP - Refers to tankers which have their cargo tanks free of traces of dark
persistent oils, which remain after carrying crudes and heavy fuel oils.
COLLIER - Vessel used for transporting coal.
COLLISION AVOIDANCE SYSTEM - Electronic system commonly used to prevent
collisions in inland navigable waterways.
CONTAINER SHIP - a ship designed to handle containerised cargo. A fully cellular
container ship is one that carries no cranes and is reliant on shorebased cranes for
loading and discharging. Container ships' hulls are divided into cells accessible
through large hatches into which the containers fit. Specialized types of container
ships are the LASH and SeaBee, which carry floating containers (or "lighters,") and
RoRo ships, which may carry containers on truck trailers.
CREW - The personnel engaged on board ship, excluding the master and officers
and the passengers on passenger ships.
CUBIC CAPACITY - The most important commercial measurement when the
intrinsic weight of the cargo is so low that the ship becomes full without being
loaded to the cargo line. Is expressed in cubic metres or cubic feet.
Dead Weight Tonnage (DWT): Maximum weight of a vessel including the vessel,
cargo and ballast.
Deck barge: Transports heavy or oversize cargoes mounted to its top deck instead
of inside a hold. Machinery, appliances, project cargoes and even recreational
vehicles move on deck barges.
Demurrage: A penalty fee assessed when cargo isnt moved off a wharf before the
free time allowance ends.
Dock: (verb) - To bring in a vessel to tie up at a wharf berth. (One parks a car, but
docks a ship.) (noun) - A dock is a structure built along, or at an angle from, a
navigable waterway so that vessels may lie alongside to receive or discharge cargo.
Sometimes, the whole wharf is informally called a dock.
Dockage: A charge by a port authority for the length of water frontage used by a
vessel tied up at a wharf.
Draft: The depth of a loaded vessel in the water taken from the level of the
waterline to the lowest point of the hull of the vessel; depth of water, or distance
between the bottom of the ship and waterline.
Dredge: (noun) A waterborne machine that removes unwanted silt accumulations
from the bottom of a waterway. (verb) The process of removing sediment from
harbour or river bottoms for safety purposes and to allow for deeper vessels.
Dry bulk: Minerals or grains stored in loose piles moving without mark or
count.Examples are potash, industrial sands, wheat, soybeans and peanuts.
DAVITS - Two radial cranes on a ship which hold the lifeboats, which are used to
lower and lift lifeboats.
DEADWEIGHT (DWT) - A common measure of ship carrying capacity, equalling the
number of tonnes of cargo, stores and bunkers that the ship can transport. It is the
difference between the number of tonnes of water a vessel displaces 'light' and the
number of tons it displaces when submerged to the 'deep load line'. A ship's cargo
capacity is less than its total deadweight tonnage. The difference in weight between
a vessel when it is fully loaded and when it is empty (in general transportation
terms, the net) measured by the water it displaces. This is the most common, and
useful, measurement for shipping as it measures cargo capacity and is usually used
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Transit port: When the majority of cargoes moving through a port arent coming
from or destined for the local market, the port is called a transit (or through) port.
Transit shed: The shed on a wharf is designed to protect cargoes from weather
damage and is used only for short-term storage. Warehouses operated by private
firms house goods for longer periods.
Transshipment: The unloading of cargo at a port or point where it is then
reloaded, sometimes into another mode of transportation, for transfer to a final
destination.
Transtainer: A type of crane used in the handling of containers, which is
motorized, mounted on rubber tires and can straddle at least four railway tracks,
some up to six, with a lifting capacity of 35 tons for loading and unloading
containers to and from railway cards.
Trucks: Heavy automotive vehicles used to transport cargo. In the maritime
industry, cargo is often carried by tractor-trailers. The tractor is the front part of the
vehicle, also called a cab. The trailer is the detachable wheeled chassis behind the
tractor, on which containers or other cargoes are placed.
Tugboat: Strong v-hull shaped boat used for manoeuvring ships into and out of port
and to carry supplies. A ship is too powerful to pull up to the wharf on its own. It
cuts power and lets the tug nudge it in. Generally barges are pushed by towboats,
not tugs.
Twenty Foot Equivalent Unit (TEU): A unit of measurement equal to the space
occupied by a standard twenty foot container. Used in stating the capacity of
container vessel or storage area. One 40 ft. Container is equal to two TEU's.
Vessel: A ship or large boat.
VLCC - Very Large Crude Carriers: Tankers between 200,000 and 300,000DWT.
VLCS - Very Large Container Ship - a container vessel able to carry 8000 and more
TEU.
Warehouse: A place in which goods or merchandise is stored.
Wharf: The place at which ships tie up to unload and load cargo. The wharf
typically has front and rear loading docks (aprons), a transit shed, open
(unshedded) storage areas, truck bays, and rail tracks.
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