MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. The microwave frequency range is considered to start at:

a. 100 MHz
c. 10 GHz
b. 1 GHz
d. 100 GHz
2. The dominant mode of a rectangular waveguide is:
a. TE01
c. TE10
b. TM01
d. TM10
3. A resonant cavity is a type of:
a. tuned circuit
c. antenna
b. defect in a waveguide
d. none of the above
4. TWT stands for:
a. Transverse Wave Transmission
b. Traveling-Wave Tube
c. Transverse-Wave Tube
d. Traveling-Wave Transmission
5. An "isolator" is a device that:
a. isolates frequencies in a waveguide
b. allows a signal to pass in one direction only
c. separates signals among various ports
d. prevents microwaves from leaking out of a waveguide
6. A "circulator" is a device that:
a. rotates signal polarity in a waveguide
b. allows a signal to pass in one direction only
c. separates signals among various ports
d. prevents microwaves from being "trapped" in a waveguide
7. The device commonly used in microwave ovens is the:
a. TWT
c. magnetron
b. klystron
d. YIG
8. The device commonly used in satellite communications is the:
a. TWT
c. magnetron
b. klystron
d. YIG
9. RADAR stands for:
a. radio ranging
b. radio detection and ranging
c. radio depth and ranging
d. remote detection and ranging
10.Find the gain in dBi of a 10-GHz horn antenna with dE = dH = 60 mm.
a. 14.8
b. 18.4
c. 21.8
d. 28.1

11. A metal wrapped around the parabolic antenna aperture to eliminate sidelobes interfering nearby
stations is called
a. radome
b. shield
c. shroud
d. bass drum
12. A special coupling device that can be used to direct the transmit and receive signals and provide the
necessary isolation
a. diplexer
c. reciprocity
b. duplexer
d. radome
13. A device that allows a single antenna to serve as both receiver and transmitter for a radar set.
a. diplexer
c. reciprocity
b. duplexer
d. radome
14. The reflective surface of an antenna that reflects any incident wave in one direction
a. shroud
c. parabolic reflector
b. radome
d. horn feed
15. A condition of excessive illumination caused by feeding a parabolic reflector with an omnidirectional
source
a. spillover
c. illumination defect
b. Rayleigh fading
d. shroud disintegration
16. A paraboloid is to have a power gain of 41.55 dB. If the frequency of operation is to be 8 GHz, what is
the diameter of the parabolic reflector?
a. 10 ft
c. 2.3 ft
b. 6.3 ft
d. 4 ft
17. What microwave device combines the advantages of the klystron and the Traveling Wave Tube?
a. Stripline
b. Microstrip
c. Cross-field amplifier
d. Twystron
18. A microwave tube that uses a slow-wave structure as an input section that is isolated from another
slow-wave section at its output.
a. TWT
b. Microstrip
c. Cross-field amplifier
d. Twystron
19. What do you call the process of speeding up and slowing down the beam of electrons in the vacuum
tube?
a. velocity modulation
b. longitudinal velocity
c. gyro frequency
d. group frequency
20. Which of the following uses buncher and catcher cavities?
a. magnetron
b. klystron
c. TWT
d. Stripline

1. Another term for a single microwave link is a:

a. section
c. skip
b. hop
d. jump
2.A typical microwave system uses a transmitted power of about:
a. 2 watts
c. 200 watts
b. 20 watts
d. none of the above
3. In analog microwave systems, additional repeaters increase the:
a. reliability
c. jitter
b. noise level
d. all of the above
4. In digital microwave systems, additional repeaters increase the:
a. reliability
c. jitter
b. noise level
d. all of the above
5. The microwave signal path should clear obstacles by at least:
a. 60% of the Faraday zone
b. 60% of the height of the antenna tower
c. 60% of the Fresnel zone
d. 60% of the highest obstacle height
6. If the line-of-sight distance for an optical beam is 12 km, what would it be, approximately, for a
microwave beam?
a. 12 km
c. 16 km
b. 14 km
d. 17 km
7. A line-of-sight microwave link operating at 4 GHzhas a separation of 40 km between antennas. An
obstacle in the path is located midway between the two antennas. By how much must the beam clear the
obstacle?
a. 12.4 m
c. 16.4 m
b. 14.2 m
d. 14.6 m
8. A single microwave path radio link has a path distance of 30 km. It operates at 6 GHz. Calculate the
third Fresnel zone radius
at a distance of 12 km.
a. 19.89 m
c. 41.68 m
b. 32.82m
d. 58.95 m
9. What is the K factor under normal atmospheric condition in a microwave radio data calculation?
a. 0
c. 1
b. 2/3
d. 4/3
10. Calculate the earth bulge for problem 8, given standard atmospheric condition.
a. 7.77 m
c. 20.5 m
c. 12.71 m
d. 32.89 m

1. A measure of the reliability expressed as the average number of hours between successive failures.
a. MTBF
b. MTTR
c. Downtime
d. Outage time
2. The microwave path wherein the microwave beam just barely touches the obstruction.
a. LOS
b. Grazing
c. Obstructed path
d. Direct path
3. What is the free space loss, in dB, between two microwave antennas 38 km apart operating at 7 GHz?
a. 145.6 dB
b. 138.5 dB
c. 135.5 dB
d. 140.89 dB
4. How many receiving antenna(s) are used with frequency diversity?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
5. A type of diversity reception, where the output of the transmitter is fed to two or more
antennas that are physically separated by an appreciable number of wavelengths.
a. Frequency
b. Space
c. Angle
d. Polarization
6. The optimum clearance from an obstacle in a microwave system is accepted as ________of the first
Fresnel zone radius.
a. 0.6
b. 0.5
c. 0.9
d. 1.5
7. Varactor and step recovery diodes are widely used in what type of circuit?
a. Amplifier
b. Oscillator
c. Frequency multiplier
d. Mixer
8. Which of the following frequency bands fall under the microwave band?
a. UHF and SHF
b. SHF and EHF
c. UHF, SHF and EHF
d. VLF, LF and MF
9. An X band radar operates in which frequency band?
a. 1 -2 GHz
b. 2 -4 GHz
c. 4 -8 GHz
d. 8 -12 GHz

10. If the MTBF of a communications circuit is 20,000 hours and its MTTR is 5
hours, what is its unavailability?
a. 0.00025
b. 99.975%
c. 0.25%
d. 0.975%
11. What would be the EIRP, in watts, if the transmitter output is 30 dBm and the waveguide loss is 20 dB
and the antenna connected to it has a power gain of 60 dB?
a. 10000 watts
b. 1000 watts
c. 100 watts
d. 10 watts
12. Calculate the effective earth's radius if the surface refractivity is 301.
a. 8493 km
b. 8493 mmi
c. 6370 km
d. 6370 mi
13. The antenna separations (in meters) required for optimum operation of a space diversity system can
be calculated from: (Where R = effective earth radius (m) and L = path length (m))
a. S = (2xlambdaxR)/L
b. S = (3xlambdaxR)/L
c. S = (lambdaxR)/(3xL)
d. S = (lambda x R)/L
14. Rainfall is important factor for fading of radio waves at frequencies above
a. 10 GHz
b. 100 GHz
c. 1 GHz
d. 100 MHz
15. A reflex klystron is used as a(n)
a. amplifier
b. oscillator
c. mixer
d. frequency multiplier
16. ______________ is the horizontal pointing angle of an antenna.
a. Azimuth
b. Angle of elevation
c. Right angle
d. Beamwidth
17. What is the effective radiated power of a repeater with 200 W transmitter power output, 4 dB feedline
loss, 4 dB duplexer and circular loss, and 10 dB feedline antenna gain?
a. 2000 W
b. 126 W
c. 317 W
d. 260 W

18. If Ns = 250, what is the earth radius k-factor?

a. 1.23
b. 1.29
c. 1.33
d. 1.32