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1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers reinforced concrete pipe designed for specific D-loads and intended to be used for the
conveyance of sewage, industrial wastes, and storm water and
for the construction of culverts.
1.2 A complete metric companion to Specification C 655
has been developedSpecification C 655M; therefore, no
metric equivalents are presented in this specification.
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2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:2
A 82/A 82M Specification for Steel Wire, Plain, for Concrete Reinforcement
A 185/A 185M Specification for Steel Welded Wire Reinforcement, Plain, for Concrete
A 496/A 496M Specification for Steel Wire, Deformed, for
Concrete Reinforcement
A 497/A 497M Specification for Steel Welded Wire Reinforcement, Deformed, for Concrete
A 615/A 615M Specification for Deformed and Plain
Carbon-Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement
C 33 Specification for Concrete Aggregates
1
Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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C 655 09
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C 655 09
5.1.3 by more than 5 % or 316 in., whichever is greater. A wall
thickness more than that required in the design is not a cause
for rejection, except that such pipe shall not be used for the
tests required in 7.3.
dependent on varying soil bedding factors and varying failure modes and
shall not necessarily have a relationship to the ultimate strength as defined
under three-edge bearing conditions.
9. Acceptance of Design
9.1 Acceptance by Tests of SpecimensThree to five representative specimens, or special test pipe that are shorter than
standard production pipe, as agreed upon by the owner and
manufacturer, shall be tested to the 0.01-in. crack and to
ultimate strength and the results recorded. Compute the values
in 9.1.1 and 9.1.2 for both the 0.01-in. crack and the ultimate
strength.
9.1.1 Compute the estimated standard deviation, s, by Eq 1
or Eq 2, which equations yield identical values.
36
42
48
54
60
66
72
78
84
90
96
102
108
114
120
126
(2)
Xs 5 L 1 1.07 s
(3)
where:
L = specification limit (specified D-load).
9.1.3 The pipe design shall be acceptable if the arithmetic
mean X for the 0.01-in. crack and ultimate strength is equal to
or greater than the computed values of Xs, and if all the tested
specimens meet or exceed the specification limit, or if all test
specimens meet or exceed the design strength.
9.2 Alternative Acceptance MethodThe manufacturer
shall be allowed to request approval of designs based on
empirical evaluations of the strength of the pipe including, but
not limited to, designs based on interpolation between designs
approved in accordance with 9.1, or designs evaluated on the
basis of tests other than the three-edge-bearing test method.
Acceptance of design tests need not be performed for each
contract or order.
10. Acceptance of Pipe by Load Testing
10.1 Lot SamplingWhen the acceptance is to be in accordance with 4.1.1, randomly select from the lot a sample of the
size listed in Table 2 and test each specimen to the 0.01-in.
TABLE 2 Sample Size
Lot Size
132
138
144
0
301
501
801
to
to
to
to
300
500
800
1300
Sample
Size
3
4
5
7
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where:
Xi = observed value of the load to produce the 0.01-in.
crack (and the load to develop the ultimate strength),
X = average (arithmetic mean) of the values of Xi, and
n = number of observed values.
9.1.2 Compute the minimum allowable arithmetic mean, Xs,
by Eq 3. In Eq 3, the value of the estimated standard deviation,
s, shall be as calculated by Eq 1 or Eq 2 or equal to 0.07L,
whichever is greater.
(1)
12
15
18
21
s 5 =@ (~X i 2 X! 2#/~n 2 1!
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Equation
Xs = L + 1.08
Xs = L + 1.09
Xs = L + 1.10
Xs = L + 1.16
Equation Number
s
s
s
s
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
C 655 09
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crack. When all specimen test strengths are greater than the
minimum design strength D-load, the lot shall be accepted.
When one or more specimen test strengths are less than the
minimum design strength D-load, the values for X and s shall
be computed and substituted into the applicable equation given
in Table 2. When the arithmetic mean X is equal to or greater
than the computed value of Xs, the lot of pipe shall be
acceptable. When the arithmetic mean X is less than the
computed value of Xs, the lot of pipe shall be rejected for that
design strength D-load strength.
10.2 Use of Design Test PipeWhen the pipe tested in
Section 9 were selected at random from a production lot, the
test data may be used in the acceptance analysis of that lot.
10.3 Use of Pipe Tested to 0.01-in. CrackPipe that have
been tested only to the formation of the 0.01-in. crack and that
meet the design strength requirements shall be acceptable for
use. All pipe that test less than the design strength shall be
removed from the lot and marked so that they will not be
shipped.
C 655 09
14. Disposition of a Rejected Lot
14.1 A lot of pipe which fails to meet the criteria for
acceptability shall be allowed to be utilized in accordance with
a procedure mutually agreed upon by the manufacturer and the
owner. The procedure shall demonstrate improvement in the
lot, statistically calculate a reduced D-load strength for the lot,
or develop an acceptable disposition. The manufacturer shall
bear all expenses incurred by the procedure.
15. Repairs
15.1 Pipe shall be repaired, if necessary, because of imperfections in manufacture, damage during handling, or pipes that
have been cored for testing, and will be acceptable if, in the
opinion of the owner, the repairs are sound and properly
finished and cured and the repaired pipe conforms to the
requirements of this specification.
16. Certification
16.1 When agreed upon in writing by the owner and the
manufacturer, a certification shall be made the basis of acceptance. This shall consist of a copy of the manufacturers test
report or a statement by the manufacturer, accompanied by a
copy of the test results, that the pipe has been sampled, tested,
APPENDIX
(Nonmandatory Information)
X1. EXAMPLE CALCULATION
230
105
184
202
164
( Xi = 2090
2
~ ( Xi! 5 ~2090!2
5 4 368 100
(X1.1)
Xi2
400
625
900
500
025
(X1.2)
(X1.3)
X 5 ~ ( Xi/n! 3 100
X 5 ~2090/5! 3 100
X 5 41 800 lbf
3
Manual on Quality Control of Materials, ASTM STP 15C , ASTM, January
1951, Section 25.
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C 655 09
X1.8 The standard deviation, s, shall be computed by either
Eq 1 or Eq 2. Since Eq 2 is a simpler form for computation, this
will be used.
s 5 =@ ( Xi 2 2 ~ ( Xi!2/n]/~n 2 1!
Xs 5 40 218 lbf
s 5 =3458
s 5 58.8
s 5 5880 lbf
4
Manual on Presentation of Data and Control Chart Analysis, ASTM STP 15D,
ASTM, 1976.
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make your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.
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This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,
United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the above
address or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or service@astm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website
(www.astm.org).
(X1.6)
(X1.4)
s 5 58.8 3 100
Xs 5 L 1 1.10 s
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