ACI 318-14:

Reorganized for Design

Chapter 8 - Two-way Slabs

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Two-way slabs
Chapter sub-headings

8.1 Scope
8.2 General
8.3 Design limits
8.4 Required strength
8.5 Design strength
8.6 Reinforcement limits
8.7 Reinforcement detailing
8.8 Nonprestressed two-way joist systems
8.9 Lift-slab construction
8.10 Direct design method
8.11 Equivalent frame method

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8.1 Scope
8.2 General
8.3 Design limits
8.4 Required strength
8.5 Design strength
8.6 Reinforcement limits
8.7 Reinforcement detailing

Two-way slabs

Solid slabs
Slabs on noncomposite deck
Composite concrete slabs
Two-way joist systems

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8.1 Scope
8.2 General
8.3 Design limits
8.4 Required strength
8.5 Design strength
8.6 Reinforcement limits
8.7 Reinforcement detailing

General two-way
8.2.1 Direct design and equiv.
frame
8.2.4 Drop panels
8.2.5 Shear cap

h
t h/4
Span/6
h

Depth Proj.
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may be reproduced, copied, distributed, or transmitted in any form.

8.1 Scope
8.2 General
8.3 Design limits
8.4 Required strength
8.5 Design strength
8.6 Reinforcement limits
8.7 Reinforcement detailing

Design limits for two-way slabs

Minimum slab thickness
W/O interior beams Table 8.3.1.1
W/ interior beams Table 8.3.1.2

Prestress stress limits

Slab with interior beams

ft

fc

Class U reqd (7.5

fc

for

other members)

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8.1 Scope
8.2 General
8.3 Design limits
8.4 Required strength
8.5 Design strength
8.6 Reinforcement limits
8.7 Reinforcement detailing
1

column
strip

Lesser of 0.251
or 0.252

middle
strip

Defined in 8.4.1.5
and 8.4.1.6
Distribution of forces
according to design
method

middle
strip

Column and middle strips

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may be reproduced, copied, distributed, or transmitted in any form.

8.1 Scope
8.2 General
8.3 Design limits
8.4 Required strength
8.5 Design strength
8.6 Reinforcement limits
8.7 Reinforcement detailing

Unbalanced moment transfer

Moment transferred to
column, Msc
middle
f Msc is transferred by strip As
flexure
v Msc is transferred by
shear
v = 1- f

column
strip As

middle
strip As

col. width + 1.5h

on each side
As for
fMsc
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8.1 Scope
8.2 General
8.3 Design limits
8.4 Required strength
8.5 Design strength
8.6 Reinforcement limits
8.7 Reinforcement detailing

Two-way shear
Critical section 22.6.4
vu = vug vMscc/J
vug = V/b0d

Technical change change from shear

force to shear stress for two-way shear
without moment transfer *

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may be reproduced, copied, distributed, or transmitted in any form.

Two-way shear strength

Shear strength, vn 22.6
Concrete contribution, vc 22.6.5
Steel contribution, vs

8.1 Scope
8.2 General
8.3 Design limits
8.4 Required strength
8.5 Design strength
8.6 Reinforcement limits
8.7 Reinforcement detailing

Headed studs 22.6.8

*

Table 22.6.5.2Calculation of vc
for two-way shear
vc
4
Least of:

2
9

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8.1 Scope
8.2 General
8.3 Design limits
8.4 Required strength
8.5 Design strength
8.6 Reinforcement limits
8.7 Reinforcement detailing

Opening restrictions
Restrictions 8.5.4.2

middle strip

middle strip

middle strip

column
strip

1/4 reinf. max.

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No limit
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8.1 Scope
8.2 General
8.3 Design limits
8.4 Required strength
8.5 Design strength
8.6 Reinforcement limits
8.7 Reinforcement detailing

Opening restrictions
Restrictions 8.5.4.2
column
strip

column strip

Reduce bo if within
10h of column

1/8 width max.

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8.1 Scope
8.2 General
8.3 Design limits
8.4 Required strength
8.5 Design strength
8.6 Reinforcement limits
8.7 Reinforcement detailing

Minimum flexural reinforcement

fy > 75 ksi
Note: Same area of reinforcement as temp. and
shrinkage, but As,min is all near tension face *
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Minimum reinf. for bonded PT slabs *

Same amount of bonded reinforcement for
bonded or unbonded tendons
Footnote allows reduced As,min if bonded
tendons are within 1.5h of the column

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8.1 Scope
8.2 General
8.3 Design limits
8.4 Required strength
8.5 Design strength
8.6 Reinforcement limits
8.7 Reinforcement detailing

Corner restraint reinf.

Defined 8.7.3

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8.1 Scope
8.2 General
8.3 Design limits
8.4 Required strength
8.5 Design strength
8.6 Reinforcement limits
8.7 Reinforcement detailing

Reinforcement termination

Slabs without beam Fig. 8.7.4.1.3 (a)

Thick slabs (ACI 318-14, R8.7.4.1.3) *

15

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Integrity steel
Two bottom column strip bars or
two tendons are required through
the column cage

All bottom
column strip
bars continuous

8.1 Scope
8.2 General
8.3 Design limits
8.4 Required strength
8.5 Design strength
8.6 Reinforcement limits
8.7 Reinforcement detailing

Minimum of 2 bottom
column strip bars or
two tendons required
in each direction.

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Chapter 8 Other sections

8.8 Two-way joist system
Like one-way joists in 9.8

8.9 Lift-slab construction

Exception for integrity reinforcement

8.10 Direct design method and 8.11

Equivalent frame method
Meet the restrictions for each method
Stay within one method

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Chapter 18 Earthquake resistant structures

Ordinary Systems
(Min. for SDC B)

Beams
Columns

Intermediate Systems
(Min. for SDC C)

Beams
Columns
Two-way slabs
Precast structural
walls

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Special Systems
(SDC D, E, F)

Beams
Columns
Beam-column joints
Moment frames
using precast
concrete
Diaphragms
Members not part
of seismic force
resisting system
Structural walls
Foundations

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Seismic requirements for two-way slabs

Intermediate moment frames
Section 18.4.5
Column strip resists Msc for
seismic load comb.
Effective width restricted
by ct
of column strip steel at
support within eff. width
vug 0.4vc

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Seismic requirements for two-way slabs

Intermediate
moment frames
Slab is resisting
seismic loads.
Normal cutoff points
do not apply.

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Seismic requirements for two-way slabs

Special seismic-force-resisting systems
Section 18.14
Slab not part of seismic load resisting system
Evaluate slab for gravity load combinations
acting simultaneously with the design
displacement

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may be reproduced, copied, distributed, or transmitted in any form.

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