EgyE 201 GTH

Assignment 2
05 October 2015

Instructions:
Please answer the following questions and submit your answers in a pdf file through email by
22 October 2015.

Part I
Express your views on the following topics on energy. Succinctly explain the bases of your
views on each topic. (10 pts. each)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

utilization of low-temperature heat sources for power generation

focusing on environmentally benign energy conversion
prioritizing safety in energy conversion
promoting societal awareness on energy
direction of energy conversion technologies

Part II
Solve the following problems in this book Powerplant Technology, International Edition
1984 by M. M. El Wakil. (15 pts. each)
1. Problem 2-13
An 850-MW Rankine cycle operates with turbine inlet steam at 1200 psia and 1000F
and condenser pressure at 1 psia. There are three feedwater heaters placed optimally
as follows: (a) the high-pressure heater is of the closed type with drains cascaded
backward; (b) the intermediate-pressure heater is of the open type; (c) the lowpressure heater is of the closed type with drains pumped forward. Each of the turbine
sections has the same polytropic efficiency of 90 percent. The pumps have polytropic
efficiencies of 80 percent. Calculate (a) the mass flow rate at the turbine inlet in
pound mass per hour, (b) the mass flow rate to the condenser, (c) the mass flow rate
of the condenser cooling water, in pound mass per hour, if it undergoes a 25F
temperature rise, (d) the cycle efficiency, and (e) the cycle heat rate, in Btus per
kilowatt hour.
2. Problem 8-6
A helium gas turbine cycle has compressor and turbine polytropic efficiencies of 0.8
and 0.9 and pressure ratios of 2.5 and 2.4, respectively. The compressor has one stage
of intercooling and the turbine has one stage of reheat. The cycle has a regenerator
with 85 percent effectiveness. The cycle minimum and maximum temperatures are
100 and 2000F, respectively. Calculate (a) the cycle efficiency, and (b) the cycle
power for a helium mass flow rate of 200 lbm/s.
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3. Problem 8-14
A combined gas-steam-turbine powerplant is designed with four 50-MW gas turbines
and one 120-MW steam turbine. Each gas turbine operates with compressor inlet
temperature 505R, turbine inlet temperature 2450R, pressure ratio for both
compressor and turbine 5, and compressor and turbine polytropic and mechanical
efficiencies 0.87 and 0.96. The gases leaving the turbines go to a heat-recovery boiler
then to a regenerator with an effectiveness of 0.87. The turbine gases correspond to
200 percent of theoretical air. The steam cycle has a turbine inlet at 1200 psia and
1460R, one open-type feedwater heater (not optimally placed) with feedwater
temperature to heat-recovery boiler at 920R, condenser pressure 1 psia, and turbine
polytropic and mechanical efficiencies 0.87 and 0.96. All electric generator
efficiencies are 0.96. Supplementary firing at full load raises the gas temperature at
2000R. Draw the cycle flow and T-s diagrams and find (a) the required steam mass
flow rate in the steam turbine in pound mass per hour, (b) the required air mass flow
rate in each gas turbine in pound mass per hour, (c) the heat added in the gas cycle
and in supplementary firing at full load, (d) the stack gas temperature in degrees
Fahrenheit, (e) the cycle efficiency at full load, and (f) the efficiency at startup when
only one gas turbine is used at its full load with no supplementary firing or
regeneration. (Ignore the steam cycle pump work.)

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