SECTION VIII PRESSURE VESSELS Table of Contents

SECTION VIII PRESSURE VESSELS

TABLE OF CONTENTS

DIVISION 1 RULES FOR CONSTRUCTION OF PRESSURE VESSELS

SEC VIII D1 A99 : 1999 Addenda Summary of Changes
SEC VIII D1 A98 : 1998 Addenda Summary of Changes
SEC VIII D1 INTRODUCTION : Introduction
SUBSECTION A GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
SEC VIII D1 A PT UG : Part UG General Requirements for All Methods of Construction and All Materials
UG-1 SCOPE
MATERIALS
DESIGN
OPENINGS AND REINFORCEMENTS23
BRACED AND STAYED SURFACES
LIGAMENTS
FABRICATION
INSPECTION AND TESTS
MARKING AND REPORTS
PRESSURE RELIEF DEVICES
HISTORICAL
SUBSECTION B REQUIREMENTS PERTAINING TO METHODS OF FABRICATION OF PRESSURE VESSELS
SEC VIII D1 B PT UW : Part UW Requirements for Pressure Vessels Fabricated by Welding
SEC VIII D1 B PT UF : Part UF Requirements for Pressure Vessels Fabricated by Forging
SEC VIII D1 B PT UB : Part UB Requirements for Pressure Vessels Fabricated by Brazing
SUBSECTION C REQUIREMENTS PERTAINING TO CLASSES OF MATERIALS
SEC VIII D1 C PT UCS : Part UCS Requirements for Pressure Vessels Constructed of Carbon and Low Alloy Steels
SEC VIII D1 C PT UNF : Part UNF Requirements for Pressure Vessels Constructed of Nonferrous Materials
SEC VIII D1 C PT UHA : Part UHA Requirements for Pressure Vessels Constructed of High Alloy Steel
SEC VIII D1 C PT UCI : Part UCI Requirements for Pressure Vessels Constructed of Cast Iron
SEC VIII D1 C PT UCL : Part UCL Requirements for Welded Pressure Vessels Constructed of Material with Corrosion Resistant Integral Cladding, Weld Metal Overlay
Cladding, or with Applied Linings
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SECTION VIII PRESSURE VESSELS Table of Contents

SEC VIII D1 C PT UCD : Part UCD Requirements for Pressure Vessels Constructed of Cast Ductile Iron
SEC VIII D1 C PT UHT : Part UHT Requirements for Pressure Vessels Constructed of Ferritic Steels with Tensile Properties Enhanced by Heat Treatment
SEC VIII D1 C PT ULW : Part ULW Requirements for Pressure Vessels Fabricated by Layered Construction
SEC VIII D1 C PT ULT : Part ULT Alternative Rules for Pressure Vessels Constructed of Materials Having Higher Allowable Stresses at Low Temperature
TABLES
SEC VIII D1 C TABLES : Tables
MANDATORY APPENDICES
SEC VIII D1 MA APP 1 : Appendix 1 Supplementary Design Formulas
SEC VIII D1 MA APP 2 : Appendix 2 Rules for Bolted Flange Connections with Ring Type Gaskets
SEC VIII D1 MA APP 3 : Appendix 3 Definitions
SEC VIII D1 MA APP 4 : Appendix 4 Rounded Indications Charts Acceptance Standard for Radiographically Determined Rounded Indications in Welds
SEC VIII D1 MA APP 6 : Appendix 6 Methods for Magnetic Particle Examination (MT)
SEC VIII D1 MA APP 7 : Appendix 7 Examination of Steel Castings
SEC VIII D1 MA APP 8 : Appendix 8 Methods for Liquid Penetrant Examination (PT)
SEC VIII D1 MA APP 9 : Appendix 9 Jacketed Vessels
SEC VIII D1 MA APP 10 : Appendix 10 Quality Control System
SEC VIII D1 MA APP 11 : Appendix 11 Capacity Conversions for Safety Valves
SEC VIII D1 MA APP 12 : Appendix 12 Ultrasonic Examination of Welds (UT)
SEC VIII D1 MA APP 13 : Appendix 13 Vessels of Noncircular Cross Section
SEC VIII D1 MA APP 14 : Appendix 14 Integral Flat Heads with a Large, Single, Circular, Centrally Located Opening
SEC VIII D1 MA APP 16 : Appendix 16 Submittal of Technical Inquiries to the Boiler and Pressure Vessel Committee
SEC VIII D1 MA APP 17 : Appendix 17 Dimpled or Embossed Assemblies
SEC VIII D1 MA APP 18 : Appendix 18 Adhesive Attachment of Nameplates
SEC VIII D1 MA APP 19 : Appendix 19 Electrically Heated or Gas Fired Jacketed Steam Kettles
SEC VIII D1 MA APP 20 : Appendix 20 Hubs of Tubesheets and Flat Heads Machined from Plate
SEC VIII D1 MA APP 21 : Appendix 21 Jacketed Vessels Constructed of Work-Hardened Nickel
SEC VIII D1 MA APP 22 : Appendix 22 Integrally Forged Vessels
SEC VIII D1 MA APP 23 : Appendix 23 External Pressure Design of Copper, Copper Alloy, and Titanium Alloy Seamless Condenser and Heat Exchanger Tubes with
Integral Fins
SEC VIII D1 MA APP 24 : Appendix 24 Design Rules for Clamp Connections
SEC VIII D1 MA APP 25 : Appendix 25 Acceptance of Testing Laboratories and Authorized Observers for Capacity Certification of Pressure Relief Valves
SEC VIII D1 MA APP 26 : Appendix 26 Pressure Vessel and Heat Exchanger Expansion Joints
SEC VIII D1 MA APP 27 : Appendix 27 Alternative Requirements for Glass-Lined Vessels
SEC VIII D1 MA APP 28 : Appendix 28 Alternative Corner Weld Joint Detail for Box Headers for Air-Cooled Heat Exchangers
SEC VIII D1 MA APP 29 : Appendix 29 Requirements for Steel Bars of Special Section for Helically Wound Interlocking Strip Layered Pressure Vessels
SEC VIII D1 MA APP 30 : Appendix 30 Rules for Drilled Holes not Penetrating Through Vessel Wall
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SECTION VIII PRESSURE VESSELS Table of Contents

SEC VIII D1 MA APP 31 : Appendix 31 Rules for Cr-Mo Steels with Additional Requirements for Welding and Heat Treatment
NONMANDATORY APPENDICES
SEC VIII D1 NMA APP A : Appendix A Basis for Establishing Allowable Loads for Tube-to-Tubesheet Joints
SEC VIII D1 NMA APP C : Appendix C Suggested Methods for Obtaining the Operating Temperature of Vessel Walls in Service
SEC VIII D1 NMA APP D : Appendix D Suggested Good Practice Regarding Internal Structures
SEC VIII D1 NMA APP E : Appendix E Suggested Good Practice Regarding Corrosion Allowance
SEC VIII D1 NMA APP F : Appendix F Suggested Good Practice Regarding Linings
SEC VIII D1 NMA APP G : Appendix G Suggested Good Practice Regarding Piping Reactions and Design of Supports and Attachments
SEC VIII D1 NMA APP K : Appendix K Sectioning of Welded Joints
SEC VIII D1 NMA APP L : Appendix L Examples Illustrating the Application of Code Formulas and Rules
SEC VIII D1 NMA APP M : Appendix M Installation and Operation
SEC VIII D1 NMA APP P : Appendix P Basis for Establishing Allowable Stress Values
SEC VIII D1 NMA APP R : Appendix R Preheating
SEC VIII D1 NMA APP S : Appendix S Design Considerations for Bolted Flange Connections
SEC VIII D1 NMA APP T : Appendix T Temperature Protection
SEC VIII D1 NMA APP W : Appendix W Guide for Preparing Manufacturer's Data Reports
SEC VIII D1 NMA APP Y : Appendix Y Flat Face Flanges with Metal-to-Metal Contact Outside the Bolt Circle
SEC VIII D1 NMA APP AA : Appendix AA Rules for the Design of Tubesheets
SEC VIII D1 NMA APP CC : Appendix CC Flanged and Flued or Flanged Only Expansion Joints
SEC VIII D1 NMA APP DD : Appendix DD Guide to Information Appearing on Certificate of Authorization (See Fig. DD-1)
SEC VIII D1 NMA APP EE : Appendix EE Half-Pipe Jackets
SEC VIII D1 SI : SI Units
DIVISION 2 RULES FOR CONSTRUCTION OF PRESSURE VESSELS - ALTERNATIVE RULES
SEC VIII D2 A99 : 1999 Addenda Summary of Changes
SEC VIII D2 A98 : 1998 Addenda Summary of Changes
SEC VIII D2 INTRODUCTION : Introduction
PART AG GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
SEC VIII D2 ART G-1 : Article G-1 Scope and Jurisdiction
SEC VIII D2 ART G-2 : Article G-2 Organization of This Division
SEC VIII D2 ART G-3 : Article G-3 Responsibilities and Duties
PART AM MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS
SEC VIII D2 ART M-1 : Article M-1 General Requirements
SEC VIII D2 ART M-2 : Article M-2 Special Requirements for Ferrous Materials
SEC VIII D2 ART M-3 : Article M-3 Special Requirements for Ferritic Steels with Tensile Properties Enhanced by Quenching and Tempering
SEC VIII D2 ART M-4 : Article M-4 Special Requirements for Nonferrous Materials
SEC VIII D2 ART M-5 : Article M-5 Special Requirements for Bolting
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SECTION VIII PRESSURE VESSELS Table of Contents

SEC VIII D2 ART M-6 : Article M-6 Material Design Data

PART AD DESIGN REQUIREMENTS
SEC VIII D2 ART D-1 : Article D-1 General
SEC VIII D2 ART D-2 : Article D-2 Shells of Revolution under Internal Pressure
SEC VIII D2 ART D-3 : Article D-3 Shells of Revolution under External Pressure
SEC VIII D2 ART D-4 : Article D-4 Welded Joints
SEC VIII D2 ART D-5 : Article D-5 Openings and Their Reinforcement
SEC VIII D2 ART D-6 : Article D-6 Nozzles and Other Connections
SEC VIII D2 ART D-7 : Article D-7 Flat Heads, Bolted, and Studded Connections
SEC VIII D2 ART D-8 : Article D-8 Quick-Actuating Closures
SEC VIII D2 ART D-10
D-9 : :Article
ArticleD-9
D-10
Attachments
Access andand
Inspection
SupportsOpenings
SEC VIII D2 ART D-11 : Article D-11 Special Requirements for Layered Vessels

PART AF FABRICATION REQUIREMENTS

SEC VIII D2 ART F-1 : Article F-1 General Fabrication Requirements
SEC VIII D2 ART F-2 : Article F-2 Welding Fabrication Requirements
SEC VIII D2 ART F-3 : Article F-3 Special Requirements for Tube-to-Tubesheet Welds
SEC VIII D2 ART F-4 : Article F-4 Heat Treatment of Weldments
SEC VIII D2 ART F-5 : Article F-5 Special Requirements for Welding Corrosion Resistant Integral or Weld Metal Overlay Clad or Lined Parts and for Composite Welds
SEC VIII D2 ART F-6 : Article F-6 Special Requirements for Ferritic Steels with Tensile Properties Enhanced by Quenching and Tempering
SEC VIII D2 ART F-7 : Article F-7 Special Requirements for Forged Fabrication
SEC VIII D2 ART F-8 : Article F-8 Special Fabrication Requirements for Layered Vessels
PART AR PRESSURE RELEIF DEVICES
SEC VIII D2 ART R-1 : Article R-1 General Requirements
SEC VIII D2 ART R-2 : Article R-2 Material and Design Requirements
SEC VIII D2 ART R-4 : Article R-4 Marking and Stamping
SEC VIII D2 ART R-5 : Article R-5 Certification of Capacity of Safety and Safety Relief Valves
SEC VIII D2 ART R-6 : Article R-6 Provisions in Vessels for Installation of Pressure Relieving Devices
PART AI INSPECTION AND RADIOGRAPHY
SEC VIII D2 ART I-1 : Article I-1 General Rules for Inspection
SEC VIII D2 ART I-2 : Article I-2 Inspection of Materials
SEC VIII D2 ART I-3 : Article I-3 Inspection of Welding
SEC VIII D2 ART I-4 : Article I-4 Final Inspection
SEC VIII D2 ART I-5 : Article I-5 Radiographic Examination
PART AT TESTING
SEC VIII D2 ART T-1 : Article T-1 Testing Requirements
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SECTION VIII PRESSURE VESSELS Table of Contents

SEC VIII D2 ART T-2 : Article T-2 Impact Testing of Welds and Vessel Test Plates of Ferrous Materials
SEC VIII D2 ART T-3 : Article T-3 Hydrostatic Tests
SEC VIII D2 ART T-4 : Article T-4 Pneumatic Tests
SEC VIII D2 ART T-5 : Article T-5 Pressure Test Gages
PART AS MARKINGS, STAMPING, REPORTS, AND RECORDS
SEC VIII D2 ART S-1 : Article S-1 Contents and Method of Stamping
SEC VIII D2 ART S-2 : Article S-2 Obtaining and Using Code Stamps
SEC VIII D2 ART S-3 : Article S-3 Report Forms and Maintenance of Records
SEC VIII D2 ART S-4 : Article S-4 Special Requirements for Layered Vessels
MANDATORY APPENDICES
SEC VIII D2 MA APP 1 : Appendix 1 - Mandatory Basis for Establishing Design Stress Intensity Values
SEC VIII D2 MA APP 2 : Appendix 2 - Mandatory Charts for Determining Shell Thickness of Cylindrical and Spherical Vessels under External Pressure See Subpart 3 o
SEC VIII
Section
II, D2
PartMA
D APP 18 : Appendix 18 - Mandatory Quality Control System
SEC VIII D2 MA APP 19
: Appendix319
- Mandatory
Definitions
3 : Appendix
- Mandatory
Rules
for Bolted Flange Connections
SEC VIII D2 MA APP 20
: Appendix420
- Mandatory
Requirements
Hubs
of Tubesheets and Flat Heads Machined from Plate
4 : Appendix
- Mandatory
Design
Based onfor
Stress
Analysis
SEC VIII D2 MA APP 21
: Appendix521
- Mandatory
Submittal
Technical
Inquiries to the Boiler and Pressure Vessel Committee
5 : Appendix
- Mandatory
Design
Basedofon
Fatigue Analysis
SEC VIII D2 MA APP 22
: Appendix622
- Mandatory
Acceptance Stress
of Testing
Laboratories and Authorized Observers for Capacity Certification of Pressure Relief Valves
6 : Appendix
- Mandatory
Experimental
Analysis
SEC VIII D2 MA APP 23
: Appendix823
- Mandatory
Adhesive
Attachment
of Nameplates
8 : Appendix
- Mandatory
Rounded
Indications
Charts
Acceptance Standard for Radiographically Determined Rounded Indications in Welds
SEC VIII D2 MA APP 24
: Appendix924
- Mandatory
RequirementsExamination
for Steel Bars of Special Section for Helically Wound Interlocking Strip Layered Pressure Vessels
9 : Appendix
- Mandatory
Nondestructive
SEC VIII D2 MA APP 25
for Conversions
Drilled Holesfor
notSafety
Penetrating
10 : Appendix 25
10 - Mandatory Rules
Capacity
ValvesThrough Vessel Wall
SEC VIII D2 MA APP 26 : Appendix 26 - Mandatory Rules for Cr-Mo Steels with Additional Requirements for Welding and Heat Treatment

NONMANDATORY APPENDICES
SEC VIII D2 NMA APP A : Appendix A - Nonmandatory Installation and Operation
SEC VIII D2 NMA APP B : Appendix B - Nonmandatory Temperature Protection
SEC VIII D2 NMA APP C : Appendix C - Nonmandatory Suggested Methods for Obtaining the Operating Temperatures of Vessel Walls in Service
SEC VIII D2 NMA APP D : Appendix D - Nonmandatory Preheating
SEC VIII D2 NMA APP E : Appendix E - Nonmandatory Limited Service Temperatures for Nonferrous Materials
SEC VIII D2 NMA APP G : Appendix G - Nonmandatory Examples Illustrating the Application of Code Formulas and Rules
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SECTION VIII PRESSURE VESSELS Table of Contents

SEC VIII D2 NMA APP I : Appendix I - Nonmandatory Guide for Preparing Manufacturer's Data Reports
SEC VIII D2 NMA APP J : Appendix J - Nonmandatory Basis for Establishing External Pressure Charts See Appendix 3 of Section II, Part D
SEC VIII D2 NMA APP K : Appendix K - Nonmandatory Selection and Treatment of High Alloy Steels
SEC VIII D2 NMA APP L : Appendix L - Nonmandatory Guide to Information Appearing on Certificate of Authorization See Fig. L-1
SEC VIII D2 NMA APP M : Appendix M - Nonmandatory Flange Rigidity
SEC VIII D2 SI : SI Units
DIVISION 3 RULES FOR CONSTRUCTION OF PRESSURE VESSELS - ALTERNATIVE RULES FOR HIGH PRESSURE VESSELS
SEC VIII D3 A99 : 1999 Addenda Summary of Changes
SEC VIII D3 A98 : 1998 Addenda Summary of Changes
SEC VIII D3 INTRODUCTION : Introduction
PART KG GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
SEC VIII D3 ART KG-1 : Article KG-1 Scope and Jurisdiction
SEC VIII D3 ART KG-2 : Article KG-2 Organization of this Division
SEC VIII D3 ART KG-3 : Article KG-3 Responsibilities and Duties
SEC VIII D3 ART KG-4 : Article KG-4 General Rules for Inspection
PART KM MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS
SEC VIII D3 ART KM-1 : Article KM-1 General Requirements
SEC VIII D3 ART KM-2 : Article KM-2 Mechanical Property Test Requirements for Metals
SEC VIII D3 ART KM-3 : Article KM-3 Supplementary Requirements for Bolting
SEC VIII D3 ART KM-4 : Article KM-4 Material Design Data
PART KD DESIGN REQUIRMENTS
SEC VIII D3 ART KD-1 : Article KD-1 General
SEC VIII D3 ART KD-2 : Article KD-2 Basic Design Requirements
SEC VIII D3 ART KD-3 : Article KD-3 Fatigue Evaluation
SEC VIII D3 ART KD-4 : Article KD-4 Fracture Mechanics Evaluation
SEC VIII D3 ART KD-5 : Article KD-5 Design Using Autofrettage
SEC VIII D3 ART KD-6 : Article KD-6 Design Requirements for Openings, Closures, Heads, Bolting, and Seals
SEC VIII D3 ART KD-7 : Article KD-7 Design Requirements for Attachments, Supports, and External Heating and Cooling Jackets
SEC VIII D3 ART KD-8 : Article KD-8 Special Design Requirements for Layered Vessels
SEC VIII D3 ART KD-9 : Article KD-9 Special Design Requirements for Wire-Wound Vessels and Wire-Wound Frames
SEC VIII D3 ART KD-10 : Article KD-10 Special Design Requirements for Interlocking Strip-Wound Vessels
SEC VIII D3 ART KD-11 : Article KD-11 Design Requirements for Welded Vessels
SEC VIII D3 ART KD-12 : Article KD-12 Experimental Design Verification
PART KF FABRICATION REQUIREMENTS
SEC VIII D3 ART KF-1 : Article KF-1 General Fabrication Requirements
SEC VIII D3 ART KF-2 : Article KF-2 Supplemental Welding Fabrication Requirements
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SECTION VIII PRESSURE VESSELS Table of Contents

SEC VIII D3 ART KF-3 : Article KF-3 Fabrication Requirements for Materials with Protective Linings
SEC VIII D3 ART KF-4 : Article KF-4 Heat Treatment of Weldments
SEC VIII D3 ART KF-5 : Article KF-5 Additional Fabrication Requirements for Autofrettaged Vessels
SEC VIII D3 ART KF-6 : Article KF-6 Additional Fabrication Requirements for Quenched and Tempered Steels
SEC VIII D3 ART KF-7 : Article KF-7 Supplementary Requirements for Materials with Welding Restrictions
SEC VIII D3 ART KF-8 : Article KF-8 Specific Fabrication Requirements for Layered Vessels
SEC VIII D3 ART KF-9 : Article KF-9 Special Fabrication Requirements for Wire-Wound Vessels and Frames
SEC VIII D3 ART KF-10 : Article KF-10 Special Requirements for Helically Wound Interlocking Strip Vessels
PART KR PRESSURE RELEIF DEVICES
SEC VIII D3 ART KR-1 : Article KR-1 General Requirements
SEC VIII D3 ART KR-2 : Article KR-2 Requirements for Rupture Disk Devices
SEC VIII D3 ART KR-3 : Article KR-3 Requirements for Pressure Relief Valves
SEC VIII D3 ART KR-4 : Article KR-4 Marking and Stamping Requirements
SEC VIII D3 ART KR-5 : Article KR-5 Certification of Flow Capacity of Pressure Relief Valves
PART KE EXAMINATION REQUIREMENTS
SEC VIII D3 ART KE-1 : Article KE-1 Requirements for Examination Procedures and Personnel Qualification
SEC VIII D3 ART KE-2 : Article KE-2 Requirements for Examination and Repair of Material
SEC VIII D3 ART KE-3 : Article KE-3 Examination of Welds and Acceptance Criteria
SEC VIII D3 ART KE-4 : Article KE-4 Final Examination of Vessels
PART KT TESTING REQUIREMENTS
SEC VIII D3 ART KT-1 : Article KT-1 Testing Requirements
SEC VIII D3 ART KT-2 : Article KT-2 Impact Testing for Welded Vessels
SEC VIII D3 ART KT-3 : Article KT-3 Hydrostatic Tests
SEC VIII D3 ART KT-4 : Article KT-4 Pressure Test Gages and Transducers
PART KS MARKING, STAMPING, REPORTS, AND RECORDS
SEC VIII D3 ART KS-1 : Article KS-1 Contents and Method of Stamping
SEC VIII D3 ART KS-2 : Article KS-2 Obtaining and Using Code Stamps
SEC VIII D3 ART KS-3 : Article KS-3 Report Forms and Maintenance of Records
MANDATORY APPENDICES
SEC VIII D3 MA APP 1 : Appendix 1 - Mandatory Nomenclature
SEC VIII D3 MA APP 2 : Appendix 2 - Mandatory Quality Control System
SEC VIII D3 MA APP 3 : Appendix 3 - Mandatory Submittal of Technical Inquiries to the Boiler and Pressure Vessel Committee
SEC VIII D3 MA APP 4 : Appendix 4 - Mandatory Acceptance of Testing Laboratories and Authorized Observers for Capacity Certification of Pressure Relief Devices
SEC VIII D3 MA APP 5 : Appendix 5 - Mandatory Adhesive Attachment of Nameplates
SEC VIII D3 MA APP 6 : Appendix 6 - Mandatory Rounded Indications Charts Acceptance Standard for Radiographically Determined Rounded Indications in Welds
NONMANDATORY APPENDICES
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SECTION VIII PRESSURE VESSELS Table of Contents

SEC VIII D3 NMA APP A : Appendix A - Nonmandatory Guide for Preparing Manufacturer's Data Reports
SEC VIII D3 NMA APP B : Appendix B - Nonmandatory Requalification
SEC VIII D3 NMA APP C : Appendix C - Nonmandatory Guide to Information Appearing on Certificate of Authorization (See Fig. C-1)
SEC VIII D3 NMA APP D : Appendix D - Nonmandatory Fracture Mechanics Calculations
SEC VIII D3 NMA APP E : Appendix E - Nonmandatory Construction Details
SEC VIII D3 NMA APP F : Appendix F - Nonmandatory Approval of New Materials under the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code
SEC VIII D3 NMA APP G : Appendix G - Nonmandatory Design Rules for Clamp Connections
SEC VIII D3 NMA APP H : Appendix H - Nonmandatory Openings and Their Reinforcement
SEC VIII D3 SI : SI Units