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Types 2 diabetes: the body produces insulin, but their cells dont use it
effectively. The pancreas makes more insulin to compensate, but this is
ineffective at stemming hyperglycemia. This disorder develops in
adulthood in individuals who are obese, inactive, and those with unhealthy
diets, though there is also a genetic component. This type of diabetes
represents the vast majority of diabetic cases. Treatment involves lifestyle
Anemia: a decrease in the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood, which may result from
either too little hemoglobin or nonfunctional hemoglobin. More commonly, too little
hemoglobin is the cause. Blood loss, decreased or faulty red blood cell production, or
destruction of red blood cells can all result in anemia. Women and older adults are at
greater risk for developing anemia.
o Iron deficiency anemia is the most common type, and is treatable with diet
changes and iron supplements.
o Vitamin deficiency anemia caused by insufficient levels of vitamin B12 or folate
can cause anemia. These vitamins are necessary for the body to manufacture red
blood cells.
Hemoglobin:
o Males: 13.8 17.2 g/dL
o Female: 12.1 15.1 g/dL
Diabetes mellitus: hyperglycemia (elevated blood glucose levels) may result in short-term
symptoms such as polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, numbness or pain in the extremities,
fatigue, blurred vision, loss of consciousness, ketoacidosis, or coma.
Anemia: lack of red blood cells or insufficient hemoglobin may cause fatigue, rapid
heartbeat, shortness of breath, headache, dizziness, difficulty concentrating, pale skin, leg
cramps, and insomnia can all result from anemia.
Hemiplegia: Damage to the left side of the brain which results in paralysis of the right
side of the body may also result in problems with talking and understanding others.
Damage to the right side of the brain which results in paralysis of the left side of the body
may also cause a person to talk excessively as well as memory and attention problems.
a) Islet of Langerhans: 2
c) Acinus: 1
d) Intralobular duct: 3
F. G.E.R.D:
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