Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
WU Ren-ping (),
(College of Material Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China)
0 Introduction
Activated alumina is a porous solid material with
large specic surface area and pore volume, controllable pore distribution, high mechanical strength after forming, and excellent thermal stability. The raw
materials are abundant and low in cost. It is extensively used in dierent elds such as pottery, abrasive,
medicine, absorbent, and catalyst carriers[1-2] . With
the rapid growth of industry, the extensive usage of
all kinds of catalysts and absorbents generates a lot
of wastes, which are usually discarded. Such practice
not only wastes resources, but also causes environment
pollution[3-4] . How to appropriately treat and recycle
the activated alumina wastes is one of the important
topics of environmental protection and the focus of this
paper.
Benzene is one of the primary indoor air pollutants.
It is highly toxic and a potential carcinogen. In the industries, the primary methods of removing benzene include chemical method, smooth accelerant decomposition method and adsorption method[5-8] . In this paper,
a new type of benzene adsorption material was prepared
Received date: 2011-09-25
Foundation item: the Special Fund for 2010 Petty Invention and Petty Creation of Fujian Provincial Development and Reform Commission (No. MFGT[2010]1093),
and the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province
(No. 2011J01291)
E-mail: wurenping@fzu.edu.cn
from the activated alumina waste by airtight heat treatment to carbonize the organic impurities. The inuences of heat treatment temperature on the properties
of the materials were discussed and the benzene adsorption capability was investigated in detail. This method
uses industrial wastes to control industrial pollution,
which is highly valuable for environmental protection.
Its process is simple and the cost is low; the resulting
material has excellent benzene adsorption performance.
374
A(111) B(222)
A(220) B(440)
B(311) A
A(200) B(400)
B(220)
B(511)
B(111)
800 C
(XL30ESEM, Philips) was employed for the microstructure analysis. And the carbon content was measured by the element analysis apparatus (Vario EL III,
Elementary).
1.3
700 C
600 C
Static adsorption method was used to study the benzene adsorption. Each of all samples (about 0.5 g, heat
treated at 400800 ) was placed in dierent weighing bottles. Weighing bottles were then immersed into
saturated benzene vapor in an airtight dryer. The temperature was maintained at 30 in the drying oven.
The benzene adsorption rate can be obtained from the
weight gain of each sample.
550 C
500 C
0
A (Al2O3)1.333, B Al2.85O3.45N0.55
Fig. 1
XRD Analysis
1
400
500
600
700
800
Heat treatment temperature/C
Fig. 2
22
Benzene adsorption rate/%
w(C)/%
2
2.2
400 C
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
2/()
21
20
19
400
500
600
700
800
Heat treatment temperature/C
Inuence of the heat treatment temperature on the carbon mass fraction and the benzene adsorption capability
2 m
2 m
Fig. 3
2.4
Figure 5 shows the pore size distributions of the sample. Pore size distribution curves are calculated from
the adsorption and desorption isotherms. The particle structure and size of the samples are very complex,
and there are large amount of absorbed substances in
the samples which cause network-stemming. The network eects[10] are taken into consideration in this calculation, which makes the adsorption isotherm much
closer to the real situation. As the graph indicates,
the pore size distribution of micropores of the material ranges from 5 to 9 nm, and the average pore size is
6.59 nm.
250
200
Adsorption
Desorption
150
100
50
0
0.2
0.4
p
p0
0.6
0.8
1.0
Pore volume/(cm3g1)
Volume adsorbed/(cm3g1)
Fig. 4
375
0.08
Adsorption
Desorption
0.06
0.04
0.02
0
Fig. 5
10
20 30 40 50
Pore diameter/nm
60
70
376
3 Conclusion
(1) A new type of benzene adsorption material was
prepared from the activated alumina waste by the airtight heat treatment. The heat treatment directly carbonizes the organic impurities. And the benzene adsorption rate of the material can reach over 20%.
(2) The carbon content of material is correlated to
the benzene adsorption ability. The optimal airtight
heat treatment condition is at 400 for 2 h.
(3) The test and analysis results show that the material is composed of a large number of ne -Al2 O3 and
carbon particles, the carbon content of sample is 3.57%,
the specic surface area is 234.70 m2 /g, the pore volume
is 0.41 m3 /g, and the average pore size is 6.59 nm.
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