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28/07/2015

TylenolScandalandCrisisManagement

"ThePRindustryhasanimportantroletoplayinhelpingcompaniesidentify
andmanagerisksthatcoulddamagetheirreputation."NickPurdomofPRWeek

THETYLENOLCRISIS,1982

Whathappened?
InOctoberof1982,Tylenol,theleadingpainkillermedicineinthe
UnitedStatesatthetime,facedatremendouscrisiswhenseven
peopleinChicagowerereporteddeadaftertakingextrastrength
Tylenolcapsules.Itwasreportedthatanunknownsuspect/sput65
milligramsofdeadlycyanideintoTylenolcapsules,10,000morethan
whatisnecessarytokillahuman.
Thetamperingoccurredoncetheproductreachedtheshelves.They
wereremovedfromtheshelves,infectedwithcyanideandreturned
totheshelves(Mitchell,1989).In1982,Tylenolcontrolled37percent
ofitsmarketwithrevenueofabout$1.2million.Immediatelyafter
thecyanidepoisonings,itsmarketsharewasreducedtoseven
percent(Mitchell1989).

WhatdidJohnson&Johnsondo?
OncetheconnectionwasmadebetweentheTylenolcapsulesandthereporteddeaths,public
announcementsweremadewarningpeopleabouttheconsumptionoftheproduct.Johnson&
Johnsonwasfacedwiththedilemmaofthebestwaytodealwiththeproblemwithout
destroyingthereputationofthecompanyanditsmostprofitableproduct.
Followingoneofourguidelinesofprotectingpeoplefirstandpropertysecond,McNeil
ConsumerProducts,asubsidiaryofJohnson&Johnson,conductedanimmediateproductrecall
fromtheentirecountrywhichamountedtoabout31millionbottlesandalossofmorethan
$100milliondollars.(Lazare,ChicagoSunTimes2002)Additionally,theyhaltedall
advertisementfortheproduct.
AlthoughJohnson&Johnsonknewtheywerenotresponsibleforthetamperingoftheproduct,
theyassumedresponsibilitybyensuringpublicsafetyfirstandrecalledalloftheircapsules
fromthemarket.Infact,inFebruaryof1986,whenawomanwasreporteddeadfromcyanide
poisoninginTylenolcapsules,Johnson&Johnsonpermanentlyremovedallofthecapsules
fromthemarket.

HowdidJohnson&Johnsonreintroducetheproducttothemarket?
Oncetheproductwasremovedfromthemarket,Johnson&Johnsonhadtocomeupwitha
campaigntoreintroduceitsproductandrestoreconfidencebacktotheconsumer.
1.Tylenolproductswerereintroducedcontainingatriplesealtamperresistantpackaging.It
becamethefirstcompanytocomplywiththeFoodandDrugAdministrationmandateof
tamperresistantpackaging.(Mitchell1989)Furthermore,theypromotedcaplets,whichare
moreresistanttotampering.
2.Inordertomotivateconsumerstobuytheproduct,theyoffereda$2.50offcoupononthe
purchaseoftheirproduct.Theywereavailableinthenewspapersaswellasbycallingatoll
freenumber.(Mitchell1989)
3.Torecoverlossstockfromthecrisis,Johnson&Johnsonmadeanewpricingprogramthat
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TylenolScandalandCrisisManagement

gaveconsumersupto25%offthepurchaseoftheproduct.(Mitchell1989)
4.Over2250salespeoplemadepresentationsforthemedicalcommunitytorestore
confidenceontheproduct.(Mitchell1989)

WhatwasTylenol'sbasisforitscrisismanagementprogram?
ThereasonTylenolreactedsoquicklyandinsuchapositivemannertothecrisisstemsfrom
thecompanysmissionstatement.(LazareChicagoSunTimes2002).Onthecompanyscredo
writteninthemid1940sbyRobertWoodJohnson,hestatedthatthecompanys
responsibilitiesweretotheconsumersandmedicalprofessionalsusingitsproducts,
employees,thecommunitieswhereitspeopleworkandlive,anditsstockholders.Therefore,
itwasessentialtomaintainthesafetyofitspublicstomaintainthecompanyalive.Johnson&
Johnsonsresponsibilitytoitspublicsfirstprovedtobeitsmostefficientpublicrelationstool.
Itwasthekeytothebrandssurvival.
Tylenolisoneofthousandsofcompanieswhohavefacedacrisisthatcanbedestructivetoits
companyifnothandledproperly.In1999,17yearslater,whenCocaColawasfacedwitha
crisisofitsown,NickPurdomofPRWeekwrotethat"thePRindustryhasanimportantroleto
playinhelpingcompaniesidentifyandmanagerisksthatcoulddamagetheirreputation."
WhileTylenolsucceededinmanagingitscrisis,theExxoncasewasnotassuccessful.

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Introduction|Research|HandlingaCrisis|TylenolScandal|ExxonScandal|Sources

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