LINEAR MOTION in 1 D

Physics Grade X
SMA IBC 2015-2016

Devi, Physics SMA IBC, 2015-2016

Devilim, S.Si.

Subtopic:

Definition, difference, and examples: Distance, displacement,

speed, velocity, acceleration, relative velocity
Linear motion with constant velocity GLB
Linear motion with changing velocity constant
acceleration GLBB
Free-fall object

Graph of linear motion

Devi, Physics SMA IBC, 2015-2016

What is

Distance
Displacement
Speed
Velocity
Acceleration
Which one belongs to vector?
Relative velocity?
Devi, Physics SMA IBC, 2015-2016

Relative Velocity

Being seen by person C, What is velocity of : A, B, D?

Being seen by person B, what is velocity of : A, C, D?
Being seen by person A, what is velocity of : B, C, D?
Being seen by person D, what is velocity of : A, B, C?
Devi, Physics SMA IBC, 2015-2016

Relative velocity (more of it)

According to A, what is velocity of: B, C?

According to B, what is velocity of: A, C?
According to C, what is velocity of: A, B?

Devi, Physics SMA IBC, 2015-2016

Devi, Physics SMA IBC, 2015-2016

Linear Motion with Constant Velocity

Velocity does not change
Speed :

Devi, Physics SMA IBC, 2015-2016

Conceptual Question:

can velocity be negative?

Devi, Physics SMA IBC, 2015-2016

Exercise:

A turtle and a rabbit engage in a footrace over a distance of 4.00

km. The rabbit runs 0.500 km and then stops for a 90.0-min nap.
Upon awakening, he remembers the race and runs twice as fast.
Finishing the course in a total time of 1.75 h, the rabbit wins the
race.
(a) Calculate the average speed of the rabbit.
(b)What was his average speed before he stopped for a nap?

Devi, Physics SMA IBC, 2015-2016

Devi, Physics SMA IBC, 2015-2016

Devi, Physics SMA IBC, 2015-2016

Runner A is initially 4.0 km west of a flagpole and is

running with a constant velocity of 6.0 km/h due east.
Runner B is initially 3.0 km east of the flagpole and is
running with a constant velocity of 5.0 km/h due west.
a. How far are the runners from the flagpole when they
meet?
b. If both of the runners started to run at the same
time, when will they meet?
Devi, Physics SMA IBC, 2015-2016

Devi, Physics SMA IBC, 2015-2016

Linear Motion with Constant Acceleration

Velocity changed acceleration
Acceleration :

Devi, Physics SMA IBC, 2015-2016

If acceleration is constant, then its average velocity:

From combination of those two equations, we can get:

Devi, Physics SMA IBC, 2015-2016

3 equations for Constant Acceleration:

Devi, Physics SMA IBC, 2015-2016

Devi, Physics SMA IBC, 2015-2016

Devi, Physics SMA IBC, 2015-2016

Devi, Physics SMA IBC, 2015-2016

Special Case: Free-fall Object

Object falls down moves vertically towards

earth
Accelerated acceleration = ?

How to find its velocity?

If we throw stone upward, what is the maximum
height it can travel to?
How much time passed until the stone fall down to earth?

Assumption in free-fall object:

- No air resistance
Devi, Physics SMA IBC, 2015-2016

3 equations for Constant Acceleration:

For free-fall,
change :
acceleration to
gravity

Devi, Physics SMA IBC, 2015-2016

Devi, Physics SMA IBC, 2015-2016

Example:

Devi, Physics SMA IBC, 2015-2016

Devi, Physics SMA IBC, 2015-2016

Graphs of Linear Motion

Graphs have y and x line
> displacement (y) vs. time (x)
> velocity (y) vs. time (x)
> acceleration (y) vs. time (x)

Graphs of linear motion with constant velocity

Graphs of linear motion with constant acceleration
Devi, Physics SMA IBC, 2015-2016

Devi, Physics SMA IBC, 2015-2016

Gradient of :

velocity-time

Displacement-time

Devi, Physics SMA IBC, 2015-2016

Area of :

Acceleration-time

Velocity-time

Devi, Physics SMA IBC, 2015-2016

Example:

Object moves with constant acceleration:

Graph of:
Displacement-time
velocity-time

Devi, Physics SMA IBC, 2015-2016

acceleration-time

Devi, Physics SMA IBC, 2015-2016

Exercise:

Consider a rubber ball dropped from some position above the ground A
onto a hard surface B. The ball bounces up and down several times.
Figure below shows displacementtime graph for 4 bounces.

Devi, Physics SMA IBC, 2015-2016

Question:

Devi, Physics SMA IBC, 2015-2016

Figure below gives the acceleration a(t) of a Chihuahua as

it chases a German shepherd along an axis. In which of
the time periods indicated does the Chihuahua move at
constant speed?

Devi, Physics SMA IBC, 2015-2016

Devi, Physics SMA IBC, 2015-2016

Devi, Physics SMA IBC, 2015-2016

Exercise:

Devi, Physics SMA IBC, 2015-2016

Devi, Physics SMA IBC, 2015-2016

The velocity vs. time graph for an object moving along a straight path is shown in Figure
P2.22.
(a) Find the average acceleration of the object during the time intervals 0 to 5.0 s, 5.0 s
to 15 s, and 0 to 20 s.
(b) Find the instantaneous acceleration at 2.0 s, 10 s, and 18 s.

Devi, Physics SMA IBC, 2015-2016

How far does the runner whose velocitytime graph is

shown in Fig. 2-37 travel in 16 s? The gures vertical scaling
is set by vs = 8.0 m/s.

Devi, Physics SMA IBC, 2015-2016

Devi, Physics SMA IBC, 2015-2016