HISTORICAL RESEARCH

I. IDENTIFICATION. Write your answer before each number.

1. It is the process of determining the true meaning and value of statements contained in a document.
2.It is of the greatest use in determining date and authenticity.
3. It includes all physical objects, including their photographs, and cultural institutions and practices.
4.means the search for knowledge and the truth, a searching to find out.
5. It describes the present situations in terms of past events.
6.The second major activity in historical research.
7. These are folklore, legends, ballads, myths, sagas, epics, tales, anecdotes, and traditions.
8. Autobiographies, memoir, reminiscences, biograPhies, diaries, letters.
9. Evaluation of the genuineness of a document in historical research.
10. The systematic collection and objective evaluation of data related to past occurrences to determine
causes, effects, or trends of those events that may help explain present events and anticipate future
events.
11. Determining if the contents of a document are accurate..
12. Firsthand information such as the testimony of an eyewitness, an original document, a relic, or a
description of a study written by the person who conducted it.
13. Any object that can provide some information about the past.
14.Secondhand information, such as a description of historical events by someone not present when the
event occurred.
15.The unique characteristic of historical research is that it focuses exclusively on the past.
16. A primary method of data analysis in historical research.
17.Include any type of numerical data in printed or handwritten form.
18. Include any form of statement made orally by someone.
19. Written or printed materials that have been produced in one form or another sometime in the past.
20.It is the process of determining the true meaning and value of statements contained in a document.
II. MULTIPLE CHOICE. Encircle the letter of the correct answer.
1..Which of the following is not a characteristic of historical research?
a. It focuses primarily on past materials and events.
b. It relies on naturalistic observation for valid
data collection.
c. It facilitates prediction of the effects of policy.
d. It can be used to test hypotheses about relationships
or trends.
2. Which of the following is best classified as a source other than a relic?
a. a piece of furniture
ba legal record
c. an original painting
d. a monument
3. The process that a researcher uses to verify that the contents of a document are accurate is known as.
a. internal criticism .b. external criticism.
c. internal validity. d. external validity.
4.Which of the following is most likely to be a secondary source?
a.a book about educational theory in the early 1900s
b. a soldier's letter home during the Korean
War c. minutes from a university faculty meeting held in 1892
d.
a
frontier
family
photograph
5.If a researcher uses a tape of legend from a Tribal elder as a source of data, he is using a data source
known as a(n)
a. document.
b. relic. c. secondary source.
d. oral statement.
6.Which of the following is not one of the four essential steps in historical research?
a. defining the problem
b. searching for relevant source material c. secondary source d.
oral
statement
7. Which of the following is most likely to be a primary source?
a. a miner's letter home during the Gold Rush
b. a poem expressing a miner's feelings c. an
article about educational theory in the early 1900s d. a film about battlefield maneuvers in the Civil War
8. Which of the following is not a disadvantage of historical research?
a. it permits the investigation of topics and questions that can be studied in no other way b. sampling of
information may be biased
c. measures used in other methods to control for threats to internal validity
are not possible in a historical study
d. validity of information is very difficult to check

9. Which of the following is not an advantage of historical research?

a. can provide a richness of information b. permits the investigation of topics and questions that can be
studied in no other way
c. can be used to test hypotheses
d. the validity of information is
questionable
10. Most historical source material can be grouped into which four basic categories?
a. relics, documents, oral statements, and numerical records b. relics, oral statements, museum pieces,
and numerical records
c.museum pieces, documents, oral statements, and numerical records
d .relics, letters from parents to children, oral statements, and numerical records
11.Census data is best described as which kind of historical source material?
a. relic
b. document
c .oral statement
d. numerical record
12. An interview with a World War II combat veteran is best described as which kind of historical source
material?
a. relic
b. oral statement
c. numerical record d. document
13. A letter from Winston Churchill to Mrs. Roosevelt is best described as which kind of historical source
material?
a .a document
b .a relic c. an oral statement d. a numerical record
14. Which of the following questions does not apply to internal criticism?
a. Could the described event have taken place?
b . Did the author have an axe to
grind?
c. Would people behave as described? d. Where was the document written?
15. A researcher is studying a speech given by a presidential candidate about education in the U.S. She is
comparing what was said to other information. She is engaged in
a. content analysis. b.
internal criticism.
c. external criticism.
d. a waste of time.
III. TRUE OR FALSE. Write T if the statement is correct at F otherwise.
1. The unique characteristic of historical research is that it focuses exclusively on the past.
2.When well designed and carefully executed, historical research can lead to the confirmation of relational
hypotheses.
3.The only essential step involved in doing a historical study is defining the problem or hypothesis to be
investigated.
4. Internal criticism pertains to the accuracy or truthfulness of information in a document.
5. Most historical source material can be grouped into four basic categories: documents, numerical records,
oral statements, and relics.
6.The advantage of historical research is that it follows a clear sequence.
7.A primary source is one prepared by an individual who was a participant in, or a direct witness to, the
event that is being described.
8. A secondary source is a document prepared by an individual who was not a direct witness to an event,
but who obtained his or her description of the event from someone else.
9.Content analysis is a primary method of data analysis in historical research.
10 .External criticism refers to the genuineness of the documents a researcher uses in a historical study.
IV. MATCHING TYPE. Write the letter before each number.
1. A primary method of data analysis in historical research.
A. Incorrect borrowings
2. Anecdotes are created to enhance the prestige of an adored hero.
B. Epigraphy
3. When there are errors in copying the text of the original material
C. External Criticism
4.It is the process of determining the true meaning of the statements
D. Diplomatic
5.Greatest use in determining date and authenticity
E. Archaeology
6.Greatest influence upon the study of history
F. Philology
7. Study of inscriptions
G. Palaeography
8. Science of charters and diplomas
H. content analysis
9.Study of writing
I. Inventions
10. To determine the authenticity or genuineness.
J. Internal Criticism
V. ENUMERATION
(1-4) major activities in historical research
(5-10) official and public documents
(11-15) written sources
(16-20) sources of data in historical research
(21-26) questions that illustrate the problems of external criticism(27-32) auxiliary sciences

(33-36) purposes of external criticism

(37-43) General philosophies of history

(44-50) specific schools of historical interpretation

ANSWER KEY (Historical Research)

I. IDENTIFICATION
1. internal criticism
2. philology
3.primary sources
4.history
5. historical research
6. Collection of data
7. Orally transmitted materials
8. personal materials
9. external criticism
10. hisorical research
11.internal criticism
12.primary source
13.relic
14.secondary source
15. the nature of historical research
16. content analysis
17.numerical record
18.oral statement
19.Document
20. internal criticism
II.MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. B
11.D
2.B
12.B
3.A
13.A
4.A
14.D
5.D 15.B
6.D
7.A
8.C
9.D
10.A
III. TRUE OR FALSE
1.T
6. F
2.T
7. T
3. F
8. T
4. T
9. T
5. T
10. T

IV. MATCHING TYPE

1. H
2. I
3. A.
4. J
5.F
6. E
7. B
8. D
9. G
10. C
V. ENUMERATION
(1-4) .
Choosing and defining the problem
Collecting data
Critically analyzing the data
Writing the research report
(5-10)
Constitutions
Circulars
Deliberations
Registrations oof population
Contracts
(11-15)
Official and public documents
Books
Newspapers
Personal materials
Hand written materials
(16-20)
Written sources
Orally transmitted materials
Artistic Production
Tape recordings
Relics and remains

(21-26)
Who was the author?
What were his general qualifications as a reporter?
What
were
his
special
qualifications
and
disqualifications as a reporters of the matters here
treated?
How soon, after the events, was the document
written?
How was the document written?
How is the document related to other documents?
(27-32)
Epigraphy
Diplomatics
Paleography
Philology
Archeology
Chemistry
(33-36)
Forgeries and hoaxes
Authorship, time, and filiation of documents
Incorrect Borrowings
Inventions and Distortions
(37-43)
Greek and romans
Christian philosophy
Voltaires rationalistic theory
Hegels doctrine
Darwinian theory of evolution
Marxian philosophy
Rhythm philosophy
(44-50)
Great man theory
Spiritual or idealistic interpretation of history
Scientific and technological theory
Economic school of historical interpretation
Geographical theory
Sociological interpretation of history
Collective psychological theory

METHODS OF RESEARCH
CHAPTER 4: HISTORICAL
RESEARCH
PEDROSA, ALYSSA RIEZLE M.
REYES, JONATHAN P.
VILLALUNA, EDSON VALTER U.
S.Y. 2015-2016