MUSIC372(S05)

StudyGuideforFinalExam
Reviewlisteningexamples(seeover).Youwillneedtobeabletoidentifymusical
selectionsbycomposerandtitle.Alsobeabletomanipulateatonerow(seep.746
inNAWMandnotesfromourclassdiscussion).Makesureyoustudyespecially
hardforthisexam(includinglisteningexamples).
**EXAM:Thursday,June8that1:30p.m.**
TERMS:Beabletodefineandassociatewithacomposer.
scales:wholetone,pentatonic,octatonic,quartertone
techniques:polytonality,ostinato,atonality,serialcomposition,tonerow(principal,
retrograde,inversion,transposition),sprechstimme,tonecluster;siren(instrument)
Describeeachofthefollowingartisticmovementsandassociateeachwithanartist,
composer,andmusicalwork:
Impressionism
Expressionism
Primitivism
Defineeachtermandassociateeachwithacomposerandmusicalwork:
Neoclassicism
Indeterminacy
Serialism
Minimalism
Nationalism
QuotationMusic
Totalitarianism
ElectronicMusic
Pitchcontinuum/harmoniccrystalization
NeoRomanticism
Whatmusicalelementsdefinetheworksofeachofthefollowingcomposers?
Debussy
Copland
Stravinsky
Barber
Schoenberg
Beach
Berg
Penderecki
Webern
WilliamGrantStill
Bartok
GeorgeCrumb
Shostakovich
JohnCage
Ligeti
MiltonBabbitt
Ives
SteveReich
Cowell
JohnAdams
Varse
ESSAYS:Prepareoneinwhichyoufeelyoucanbestdemonstrateyouraccumulated
knowledge.Makesurethatyouclearlyaddressyourtopicandbackupyourclaimswith
specificexamplesfrommusicalworks.Andpleasemakeitinteresting!:)

1)Discussmodernismintheartsinthetwentiethcentury.Whatweretheimportanthistorical
andpolitical,scientificandculturaleventswhichshapedthecenturyandhowdidtheyaffectthe
artsingeneral?Howdidmusicexpresstheparticulartimeandcultureinwhichitwascreated?
Usespecificexamplesfromatleastsixworksthatwehavestudiedtosupportyourarguments.
2)InwhatwaysdoesmusicfromthetwentiethcenturyrepresentanextensionofRomanticism?
InwhatwaysdoesitrepresentareactionagainstRomanticism?Supportyourargumentswith
specificexamplesfromatleastsixworkswehavestudied.
3)Discussnewmusicaltechniquesintroducedbytwentiethcenturycomposers(include
discussionofmelody,harmony,dissonance,form,rhythm,notation,texture,composerscontrol
andthedevelopmentofnewinstrumentsand/ornewinstrumentaltechniques),supportingyour
discussionwithatleastsixexamplesfrommusicalworkswehavestudied.
4)DoyouthinkthereisatrueAmericanstyleofmusicofthetwentiethcentury?What
composers/workswouldyouputinthiscategoryandwhy?(Pleaserefertotheirinfluences,
philosophies,musicaltechniques,reuseofmaterial,etc.).WhichAmericancomposersdonot
soundAmericanandwhy?Makesurethatyousupportyourdiscussionwithatleastsix
examplesfrommusicalworkswehavestudied.
5)Youmaymakeupyourowntwentiethcenturymusicquestion.Usespecificexamplesfromat
leastsixworksthatwehavestudiedtosupportyourarguments.[Makesureitisaninteresting
questionandshowsoffyourunderstandingoftwentiethcenturymusic.]
LISTENINGEXAMPLES:
Impressionism
*Musorgsky,Bezsolntsa(Sunless),No.3[song][NAWMII](influenceonDebussy?)
*Debussy,PreludetotheAfternoonofaFaun(1894)[CDonreserve]
Debussy,TroisNocturnes:,"Nuages"(1899)
Primivitism,Neoclassicism
Stravinsky,LeSacredePrintemps(TheRiteofSpring):DanceoftheAdolescents
(1913)
Neoclassicism:
*Stravinsky,Pulcinella(openingmovement)(19191920)[CDonreserve]
Expressionism
*Schoenberg,Pierrotlunaire(1912),"Night,Decapitation[NAWM]
Schoenberg,VariationsforOrchestra,Op.31:ThemeandVariations(serialism)
Berg,Wozzeck,ActIII,sc.3(1921)
Nationalism:
Bartok,MusicforStrings,Percussion,andCelesta,mvmt.III(1936)
Totalitarianism:
Shostakovich,QuartetNo.8(1960)[CDonreserve]

*Shostakovich:LadyMacbethofMtsensk(1932)[NAWM]
Americanism
Ives,TheyAreThere(1917),TheUnansweredQuestion(1906)
*Cowell,TheAeolianHarp[CDonreserve]
AaronCoplandAppalachianSpring
*WilliamGrantStill,AfroAmericanSymphony(1931),mvmtIII[NAWM]
NeoRomanticism:
*Barber,AdagioforStrings(1936)[CDonreserve]
*AmyChenyBeach,PianoQuintetinFsharp,Op.67:ThirdMovement
Modernism
*Ligeti,Luxaeterna(1966)[CDonreserve]
*Penderecki:ThrenodyfortheVictimsofHiroshima[CDonreserve]
Berio,SinfoniaforEightVoicesandOrchestra,mvmtII"OKing"(1968)[onreserve]
NewSounds,ElectronicMusic
*Crumb,AncientVoicesofChildren,mvmt.I(1970)[CDonreserve]
*Varse,Pomelectronique[CDonreserve]
Babbit,Philomel,sectionI(1964)[HesAmericantoo!]
Indeterminacy(aleatoricorchancemusic)
Cage:4"33"[doityourself][alsoAmerican]
Minimalism
*Reich,ViolinPhase(1967)[alsoAmerican,asisAdams]
*Adams,NixoninChina,ActI,Scene3Finale(Banquetscenetoasts)[CDonres.]
**FINALEXAMISTHURSDAY,JUNE8th,1:30p.m.**