1.

INTRODUCTION
This standard specification applicable for

2.

SCOPE
This standard specification covers the minimum requirements for the Detailed Design of all
Civil and Structural Engineering practices applicable to
This specification is prepared to summarize relevant design practices referenced, quoted
elsewhere in the project specifications, codes and standards, in order for the Client and
Engineers to understand them in a readily manner.
This standard specification further covers material requirements and application.
The requirements set out in this Standard specification shall not be construed to eliminate
consideration of the Vendor, Contractor or Manufacturers specification or standard which
may receive the approval of Company if found to be equivalent or superior to the following
requirements.
The requirements set out in this Standard specification shall not be construed to eliminate
consideration of products of reputable Manufacturers which are considered of comparable
quality and type. These shall receive Company approval if so proven to Company.
In the event Vendor is unable to comply with this Standard specification or any part thereof,
then all Vendor exceptions to this Standard specification shall be notified to Company in
writing.
In the absence of notification of exception it shall be understood by Company that Vendor
shall comply with all requirements of this Standard specification.
All exceptions to this Standard specification shall require approval by Company in writing.

3.

DEFINITIONS
Term

Definition

Company
Contractor

Any entity with which Company has entered into a contract for the
performance of work and/or services

Manufacturer

Manufacturer of major equipment, and or components

MIGAS

Direktorat Jendral Minyak dan Gas Bumi

Directorate General of Oil and Gas

Project Specification

Referenced specification shall be Project specific

Project Data Sheets

Referenced Data Sheets shall be Project specific

Purchaser

Persons responsible for procurement of equipment, materials and or services

Shall

Shall is an absolute requirement which shall be followed strictly when

referenced

Should

Strongly recommended suggestion

Standard
specification

Standard Technical Specification for Onshore Projects

Vendor

Person(s), company, firm, manufacturer, or fabricator who is a supplier of

materials, supplies, and/or services to the Purchaser.

Work

Shall be supervision, administration, labor, materials, transportation,

supplies, tools equipment and activity required to comply with the

requirements of Company Project Specification and Contract

4.

CONFLICTING REQUIREMENTS
In the event of conflict, inconsistency, or ambiguity between material requisition, data
sheets, drawings, this standard specification, standards, codes, and regulations referenced
herein, or other documents, the Vendor or Contractor shall refer to Company, whose
decision shall prevail. In principle, the requirements of the most stringent document shall
apply.

5.

CODE STANDARD AND REFERENCES

The following documents shall be complied with, unless stated otherwise in this Standard
specification. The latest editions and revisions of each Code and/or specification, as of the
Contract Document date, shall apply, unless otherwise specifically noted on the Contract
Document or approved, in writing, by the Company.
SNI

Standard Nasional Indonesia

SNI 1726:2012

Tata Cara Perencanaan Ketahanan Gempa untuk Struktur

Bangunan Gedung dan Non Gedung

SNI 07-2052-2002

Baja Tulangan Beton

SKBI-1.3.53, 1987

Tata Cara Perencanaan Pembebanan untuk Rumah dan Gedugn

SNI 03-1974-1990

Metode Pengujian Kuat Tekan Beton

International

American Codes & Standards

ACI 318

Building Code
Commentary

ACI 351.2R-94

Foundation for Static Equipment

ACI 543R

Design, Manufacture, and Installation of Concrete Piles

ASCE 7-05

Minimum Design Loads for Building and other Structure

AISC - ASD

ASD Manual for Steel Contruction, 9th edition

ASTM A36

Standard Specification for Carbon Structural Steel

ASTM A53

Standard Specification for Pipe, Steel, Black and Dipped Zinc

Coated, Welded and Seamless

ASTM A185

Standard Specification for Steel Welded Wire Reinforcement,

Plain for Concrete

ASTM A307

Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Bolts and Studs 60,000

psi Tensile Strength

ASTM A325

Standard Specification for Structural Bolt, Steel, Heat Treated,

120/105 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength

ASTM A563-07a

Standard Specification for Carbons and Alloy Steel Nuts

ASTM A615

Standard Specification for Deformed and Plain Carbon Steel Bars

for Concrete Reinforcement

ASTM C33

Standard Specification for Concrete Aggregate

ASTM C39

Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical

Concrete Specimen

ASMT C150

Standard Specification for Portland Cement

Requirement

for

Structural

Concrete

and

ASTM C494

Standard Specification for Chemical Admixture for Concrete

ASTM C1218

Standard Test Method for Water Soluble Chloride in Mortar and

Concrete

International

Japanese Codes & Standards

JIS A5335

Pre-stressed Concrete Spun Pile

JIS B1186

High Strength Bolt

JIS G3101

Structural Steel

JIS G3112.87

Reinforce Steel Bar

6.

SPECIFICATION

6.1

Material

6.1.1

General
All material shall be of new stock and in accordane with the Codes and Specifications. The
materials selected for all steel structures shall be compatible with their uses and exposures.
Any material substitution shall be approved by COMPANY in writing.

6.1.2

Structural Steel
Unless otherwise indicated on the drawings, all main structural steel shall conform to ASTM
A36 or JIS SS400 or equivalent.
Certified mill test report or certified report of test made by the CONTRACTOR or testing
laboratory in accordance with ASTM A6 or A568, as applicable, shall constitute sufficient
evidence of conformity with one of the above ASTM standards.

6.1.3

Bolts, Nuts and Washers

Structural frame shall be slip connection using high strength bolts.
Steel bolts shall conform to the following standard specification :

High strength bolts for structural steel joint, ASTM A490 or ASTM A325 or
equivalent

Carbon and alloy steel nuts, ASTM A563

All steel bolting, nuts and washers shall be galvanized

Manufacturers certification shall constitute sufficient evidence of conformity with the

standards.
6.1.4

Welding Materials
Welding electrodes shall conform to the requirements of the American Welding Society
Structural Welding Code and electrode materials shall be AWS-A5.1 E70- series or
equivalent.

6.1.5

Grout
Non shrink, self leveling, non straining grout with minimum compressive strength : 350
kg/cm2 at 7 days and minimum grout thickness 25 mm.

6.2

Connections
Connections for structural steel shall normally be shop welded and/or field bolted.

Field connections shall be bolted if practical. Bolts for field connections shall be supplied by
the CONTRACTOR and shall include 5% extra length for fit up requirements and erection.
All bolts shall be high strength bolts conforming to the requirements of ASTM A325 or ASTM
A490 or equivalent unless otherwise indicated.
All bolted connections shall have a minimum of two inch bolts unless otherwise indicated.
All standard framed beam connections shall be shop welded and field bolted, unless
otherwise indicated.
All base plates over 3 square feet in area shall be provided with grout holes.
6.2.1

Welding Connection

6.2.1.1

General
All welding shall be in accordance with AWS D1.1 and Standard Specification for Welding
Requirements. Welders and Welding Operators Qualification Requirements shall be as per
Project Specification for Welding.
All welding shall be performed by the manual shielded metal arc (SMA), submerged (SA), or
flux-cored arc (FCA) welding processes.
Each weld shall be uniform in width and size throughout its full length. Each layer of welding
shall be smooth and free of slag, cracks, pinholes and under-cut, and shall be completely
fused to the adjacent weld beads and base metal. In addition, the cover pass shall be free of
coarse ripples, high crown and deep ridges or valleys between beads.
Butt welds shall be slightly convex, of uniform height and shall have full penetration.
Fillet welds shall be slightly convex, of uniform height and shall have full penetration.
Repair, chipping or grinding of welds shall be done in such a manner as not to gouge,
groove or reduce the base metal thickness.

6.2.1.2

Qualification of Welders
Quality welding processes and welding operators should be in accordance with AWS D1.1.
All qualification test records and qualified welders lists shall be confirmed by the designated
inspector.
Welders who make any defective welds during the work are not to be allowed to continue
until they have undergone a period of retraining and demonstrated their ability to work to the
standards required by the ENGINEER.
Before welding verify welding procedures, welding operations and welder certificates of
qualification.

6.2.1.3

Welding Equipment
To obtain stable welds, welding equipment to be used for erection work shall have suitable
performance for the materials, sizes of steel members and the shapes of joints.
Welding equipment shall always be electrically grounded when in use.

6.2.1.4

Welding Conditions
When wind velocity exceed 2 m/sec for gas shielded welding and 10 m/sec for manual arc
welding, sufficient screening shall be provided to protect the welding areas from wind and
rain.

Those portions of structural steel members to be welded shall be completely dry prior to
starting.
6.2.1.5

Preparation for Welding

Prior to welding, the welding surface of the base metal shall be cleaned of rust, slag, oil,
paint and other foreign matter which will be cause defects in the welding.
Electrodes having any defects such as peeling of coating materials, stains, degradation,
humidity, rust, etc. shall not be used.
Welding electrodes shall be stored and handled carefully in order to prevent moisture
absorption in accordance with AWS D1.1 and the manufacturers instructions.

6.2.1.6

Welding Procedure
Welding shall be carried out in accordance with the specified type of welds shown on the
design drawings.
Welding position shall be flat where possible.
Erectors shall follow a welding sequence that avoids deformation of structural members and
restrictions to other trades.
All slag per each welding layer shall be carefully removed upon completion of each
individual weld pass.
Extension bars on run off plates shall ne cut off min. 3 -5 mm form edges, and shall be
ground smooth avoiding damage to the base metal. However, extension bars or run off
plates may be left in place with the ENGINEERs approval where there is no restriction with
related work.
In a full penetration weld, backing strips or back gouging shall be used. Back gouging shall
always be sufficient, with care taken on the first layer of the welding root to avoid welding
defects.
For fillet welds or partial penetration welds, the welding shall be made continuously around
edges or corners without ceasing of arc generation.

6.2.1.7

Repair of Weld Defects

Welds having inadequate fusion, insufficient penetration, slag inclusion, porosity, etc. shall
be removed and re welded.
Where cracks have been found in the course of inspection, the cracked portion(s) and any
surrounding area 50 mm from each end of the crack(s) shall be removed and re welded.
Undercut, crater depression, short reinforcement, insufficient leg length and weld length, etc.
shall be repaired.
Overlap, excessive reinforcement, and other defective welding shall be removed.

6.2.2

Bolting Connection

6.2.2.1

Assembly
Contac surfaces including filler plates and splice plates shall be free from paint, scales,
burrs, dirt, oil, grease, loose rust and other foreign matter except tight mill scales.
Shim plates of filler plates having a suitable thickness for joints using high strength bolts
shall be furnished by the CONTRACTOR where the gap of the contact surface exceeds 1
mm.

Where there is a gradient of 1/20 or larger on the contact surface tapered washers for
bolting shall be provided.
6.2.2.2

Bolts Tightening
The turn of nut method in accordance with AISC shall be employed for bolt tightening of
high strength bolts.
Nut rotation control wrench should preferably be used in accordance with Manufacturers
instructions.
Where Load Indications (or tensile load indicating washers) are provided, the tightening if
high strength bolts shall be in accordance with Direct Tension Indicator Tightening as per
AISC and the manufacturers instructions.
Calibrated wrench tightening (controlled by standard torques) may be used only when
installation procedures are calibrated on a daily basis in accordance with AISC. Calibration
shall be accomplished in a device capable of indication actial bolt tension. Calibration
wrench shall be set to provide a tension not less than 5 % in excess of the minimum tension
specified in AISC.
Standard torque shall be determined by the CONTRACTOR using the tension tester and
torque wrench.
Tightening high strength bolts shall not be carried out on rainy days; weather protection shall
always be provided for this operation.
For length of bolts, a projection of two threads beyond the units is to be ensured, when in
position.
Washers shall be installed in accordance with AISC.
The tightening order of strength bolts shall be done from the centre outwards.

6.3

Structure Requirements

6.3.1

Steel Buildings
Codes and Standards, design, materials, fabrication and erection of all steel buildings shall
conform to the applicable portions of the Indonesians Standard Building Code.
Type of Construction; Rigid frame buildings complete with all necessary purlins, girts and
bracing.

6.3.2

Crane and Trolley Supports

Traveling cranes, trolley beams, and their supports shall be designed for a vertical load
equal to its maximum specified capacity plus 15% impact factor for manually operated
cranes, and 25% for power operated cranes. The design longitudinal force shal be 10% of
the rated capacity of the hoisting equipment. The design lateral force shall be 20% of the
rated capacity.
The crane bridge shall be designed to limit deflection to 0.1% of the span under full
operating load.
The minimum clearance between the highest pipe or any equipment and the lifting hook
shall be 380 mm.

6.3.3

Pipe racks and Pipe Supports

The design, fabrication and materials of all pipe racks and pipe supports shall conform to the
requirements of the applicable portions of this standard specification unless otherwise
indicated.
Pipe ways shall be designed for present needs plus additional 25% contingency.
All pipe racks and pipe supports shall be steel frames contructed of WF sections, or square
tubular sections.
If pipe rack is over 61 meters long, there should be provision for the thermal expansion of
the steel structure itself. Longitudinal beams in at least one bay should be omitted or sliding
connection used. The use of double frame may also be considered.
The distance between main pipe supports shall be determined considering permissible
deflection of major process and utility piping, but shall be limited to 20 feet maximum unless
otherwise indicated. The maximum spacing of pipe supports carrying the suction and
discharge lines of a large reciprocating compressor shall be limited to 13 feet, unless a
vibration analysis of the system proves otherwise.
Modularized pipe racks shall be considered if an economical advantage or improvement on
the contruction schedule can be realized.

6.3.4

Stairs and Ladders

All platforms in daily use shall be provided with a minimum of two exits; one of which must
be a stairway. The second exit may be a ladder and shall be as far as possible from the first
exit. Both exits shall terminate in open areas.
Vertical ladders shall be fastened at the top and bottom, and at intermediate points and not
more than 2 m apart.
All ladders shall be 400 mm wide and rung spacing 300 mm center to center.
All ladders for access to platforms of more than 2.6 m above grade shall be provided with
safety cages with bell shaped bottom and safety gates.
All stairways shall have a minimum cleared width of 900 mm, a minimum tread width of 250
mm, and a maximum riser of 200 mm. All treads shall be non skid grating type.
All stairs to a platform of maximum 600 mm high above ground does not require hand rails
unless otherwise requested on the drawing. Stair to a platform of 600 m to 1.2 m high above
ground requires only single hand rail unless specifically required on the drawing. Stairs to a
platform above 1.2 m high above ground shall have both left and right hand rails.
Toe plates shall be provided under the bottom tread of all stairways which rise from
landings.

6.3.5

Platform

6.3.5.1

Locations
Platforms accessed by the ladders or stairways shall be provided as follows

Equipment service and inspection openings located more than 2.4 m above grade,
storage facilities and working areas.

Towers, stack and all other elevated equipment. The locations shall be arranged in
such a manner as to permit the servicing of more than one item.

Instruments, control valves and relief valves located more than 8 feet above grade.

For platforms below 2.4 m portable step ladders or other movable platforms shall be use.
6.3.5.2

Width
The clear width of a platform shall be 1.2 m (minimum).

6.3.5.3

Flooring
Unless otherwise indicated, platform floors shall be painted or galvanized steel grating,
which shall be chosen more economical consisting of 1.0 x 0.125 inch bearing bars at 0.75
inch centers and 3/8 inch twisted cross bars at 4 inch centers tack welded to the bearing
bars. The grating shall be designed for the normal operating live load. In addition
consideration must be given to the weight of valves or equipment which might be left resting
on the grating during maintenance work. Openings in the grating shall be properly framed.

6.3.6

Hand Rails and Toe Plates

Hand rails shall be provided around edges of all platforms, landing and stairways.
Hand rail height shall be 1 m.
The hand rail post spacing shall be 2.4 m maximum
Toe plates shall extend along the bottom of all hand rails except at stair and ladder
accesses.

6.4

Fabrication

6.4.1

Component Fabrication
Fabrication of structural steel shall conform to the requirements of all codes and standards
listed in this standard specification.
Substitutions of steel sections or any alternations to the design drawings require prior
approval of COMPANY.

6.4.2

Preparation for Shipment

Before shipment to the site, all Structural Steel members and parts shall be thoroughly
cleaned of loose scale, dirt, and any other foreign material.
All parts shall be properly marked and tagged for easy identification in the field.
Unloading at the site shall be done in a manner to avoid any scratching of surface or
distorting of any components.

6.5

Surface Preparation and Painting

6.5.1

Shop and Field Painting

All surface preparation, painting, and testing shall conform to the following standards

Steel Structures Painting Council (SSPC) Standard

Standard Specification for Painting and Coating

6.6

Erection

6.6.1

General

The CONTRACTOR shall employ adequate temporary bracing to keep the skeleton steel
structure true and plumb and to accommodate any erection loads and forces.
The CONTRACTOR shall align all structural members before permanent welding or bolting
is done.

Any minor misfits which can be remedied by a moderate amount of remaking or slight
cutting or chipping shall be done with the approval cutting or chipping shall be done with the
approval of the COMPANY Inspectior.
Erection of structural steel shall conform to the applicable documents.
Column base shall be set and shimmed to the correct positions and elevation as shown on
drawings.
The erection of structural steel shall not commence until grouting and anchors have
obtained sufficient strength to adequately support.
6.6.2

Temporary Support and Staging

Provide temporary support and bracing. Temporary stability of a structure (including
temporary connections) during erection shall be the responsibility of the CONTRACTOR as
complying with expected erection loads.
Design, supply and erect necessary false work and staging.
Provide temporary planking and working platforms as required for the effective completion of
the work.
Provide temporary guy line to achieve proper alignment of the structural members.
Do not remove staging or platforms before the work is inspected and approved.
Remove temporary supports and bracing after permanent members and connections have
been completed and inspected.
In the case where pre assembled large items of heavy items are to be places on a
structure being erected, approval shall be obtained from the ENGINEER before placing.
Adequate support against overloading shall be provided as necessary.

6.6.3

Base Plates Setting

Clean concrete and masonry bearing surfaces free from bond reducing materials, and
roughen to improve bending surface.
Set base plates or other adjusting devices in a manner that will ensure structural members
are located in correct positions and elevations.
Clean the under surface of bearing plates before setting.
Before the members are assembled, thoroughly clean all bearing surfaces and surfaces
which will be in permanent contact.
Set structural members in the correct positions using steel wedges, shims or other adjusting
devices.
Tighten anchor bolts after the supported members have been positioned and plumbed.

6.6.4

Application of Grout
The CONTRACTOR shall ensure that top surfaces of foundations have been roughened for
bonding. Laitance, oil, grease, dust, sand and other foreign matter shall be removed, if any.
After steel structural frames have been installed on foundations, grouting works shall be
carefully carried out in and around the base plates and the foundation top surface by
acceptable established methods so as to leave no air pockets.
Grouting work shall not be carried out during heavy rains.

Upon completion of padding grouting, mortar shall be properly cured for three day or longer
by covering it with mats or sprinking with water according to the weather condtions.
6.6.5

Field Assembly
Clean all surface of structural steel members to be assembled.
Accurately assemble structural steel frames to the lines and elevations indicated and within
the specified erection tolerances.
Align and adjust accurately, before fastening, the various members of the component parts
of a structure.
Repair or replace members which are damaged during erection. Do not secure damaged
members in position.
Fasten splices of compression members only after the abutting surfaces have been brought
completely into contact.
Perform necessary adjustments to compensate for discrepancies in elevations and
alignment.
Comply with the requirement of this standard specification for field welding and bolting.
Gas cutting torches in the field for correction fabrication errors in the structural framing will
be permitted a member which is acceptable to the ENGINEER. When gas cutting is
permitted, finish the sections equal to the sheared appearance.
Where field welding is employed with a hight strength bolt joint for a connection, the high
strength bolts shall be securely tightened prior to welding.

6.6.6

Temporary Connections
Temporary connections for assembling shall be made using temporary tack bolts.
The quantity of temporary tack bolts for each connection shall be at least two (2) or one
third (1/3) of the required number of the bolts for each connection.
Final bolt tightening shall be made only after checking the accuracy of the assembled
frames.

6.7

Inspection

6.7.1.1

Scope of Inspection
In general, the division of field inspection for steel structure shall be as shown in APPENDIX
1, and the inspection records of the CONTRACTOR shall be prepared and submitted for
verification as also listed in APPENDIX 1. When other documents are requested by the
inspector, documents other than listed in APPENDIX 1 shall be prepared and submitted by
the CONTRACTOR erector.

6.7.1.2

Shop Inspection
The CONTRACTOR shall provide free access to his fabrication facilities for shop inspection
of materials, assembly, and workmanship by the COMPANY Inspector.

6.7.1.3

Field Inspection
All unloading, storage, erection, welding, bolting and field painting shall be subject to
COMPANYs approval as to conformity to this standard specification.

6.7.2

Advance Inspection

6.7.2.1

Receiving Materials Check

For fabricated steel members, grating treads and all other components of erection work, the
following inspection points shall be investigated immediately after arrival on site.
a. Quantities
b. Identification marks
c. Existence of defects (visual inspection)
d. Dimension and size including materials grade of bolts
If any irregularities are found, the results shall be reported to CONTRACTOR for
replacement or for re-forming work.

6.7.2.2

Foundation Check
Prior to commencement of erection work, foundations to be used for steel structures shall be
checked to confirm the following points :
a. Allignment, levels and orientation in relation to approved bench marks and
reference points.
b. The state of anchor bolt threads.
c. Position, centre to centre distance, size, and projecting length of anchor bolts.
d. Level of padding/grouting to column bases.
e. Where any deviations from the specified tolerances are found by measuring, the
results shall be reported immediately to ENGINEER.

6.7.2.3

Embedded Plate Check

Where embedded plates or other embedded steel or structural members are required all
components shall be checked to confirm the position, dimensions and fillting of the item prior
to commencement of the erection work.

6.7.2.4

High Strength Bolt Inspection

Prior to commencement of erection work, the quality, quantity, size and grip length of all
high strength bolts shall be inspected to ensure there are no failures and that there are no
shortages. Defective bolts shall be reported for replacement.

6.7.3

Inspection of Erection Work

Before erection, check for damage in shipment.
Check anchor bolts as to size, location, elevation, and for plumb.
Check base plates and grillages for correct assembly work, levelness, and proper grouping.
Check that columns are plumb and to specified tolerances before any permanent bolting or
welding.
As erection proceeded, match pieces against erection plans to ensure that steelwork is fixed
in the correct position.

6.7.4

Bolting
Check contact surface of all joints prior to bolting.
Check alignment of holes and bolt size.
The use of filler plates shall be checked to confirm they are as specified.

Inspect bolted (high strength bolts) connections for tightness in accordance with AISC
Specification for Structural Joints using ASTM A 490 bolts. At least 10% of the bolts shall
be checked.
For the bolts tightened by turn-of nut method, the tightening of bolts shall be visually
inspected using the match mark method. Visual inspection shall be carried out to see if
the degree (angle) of nut rotation meets the requirements specified in AISC specification.
For Direct Tension Indicator Tightening, refer to manufacturers instructions.
6.7.5

Welding
Before welding

a. Check condition and capacity of welding equipment.

b. Visually inspect condition of the surfaces to be welded.
c. Check alignment of members to be welded, root openings, edge preparation and
other features for conformance with joint details
During welding

a. Verify that production welding and repairs are carried out in accordance with the
approved procedures.
b. Inspect beads, in particular the root pass, for cracks, trapped slag or gas, excessive
roughness, surface porosity, unfilled crater, insufficient throat or concavity.
After welding

a. Check welds for warp and dimensional accuracy.

b. Inspect welds for appearance and absence of spatter, roughness, unfilled craters,
pock marks, cracks, overlaps and undercuts.
c. Verify if all welds shown on the drawings have been done and whether they conform
to size and contour detail.
d. Check that exposed welds are ground smooth.
e. Check that weld spatter is removed from exposed surfaces to be painted.
f. Carry out specified non destructive testing.
6.7.6

Overall Dimensional Inspection

After erection, completed steel structures, prior to welding and final bolting, shall be totally
inspected for accuracy of construction and to ensure that all dimensions are as specified.
Inspection records shall be prepared by the CONTRACTOR and shall be submitted to the
ENGINEER for approval.

7.

RESPONSIBILITIES
The CONTRACTOR shall take full responsibility for the accuracy of all shop detail drawings.
Shop drawing shall be in strict accordance with contract drawings.
Shop drawings shall show all the details necessary for the CONTRACTOR to assemble and
erect the various members of the structure. They shall also indicate the location, type and
size of all fasteners, shop welds, and field welds.