The Use of Hypnosis in Treating Cancer

UNIVERSIDAD
VERACRUZANA
FACULTAD DE MEDICINA
Artculo espaol/ingls
El uso de la hipnosis en el tratamiento de

cncer
E.E: Psicologa Mdica
Alumna: Alejandra Hernndez Delgado
Catedrtico: Dr. Gregorio Prez Hernndez
Xalapa, Veracruz 5/Julio/2015

The Use of Hypnosis in Treating Cancer
University of Minnesota, Fridley.
Psychiatric Medicine [1992, 10(1):119-131]
Hypnosis has proven to be extremely
including improvement of self-esteem,
valuable in the treatment of cancer
involvement in self-care, return of locus
patients. Specific applications include:
of control, lack of unpleasant side effects,
establishing rapport between the patient
and continued efficacy despite continued
and members of the medical health team;
use.
control of pain with self-regulation of

pain perception through the use of glove
anesthesia,
time
distortion,
amnesia,
transference of pain to a different body

part, or dissociation of the painful part
from the rest of the body; controlling
symptoms, such as, nausea, anticipatory
emesis, learned food aversions, etc.;
psychotherapy for anxiety, depression,
guilt,
anger,
hostility,
frustration,
isolation, and a diminished sense of selfesteem;
visualization
for
health
improvement; and, dealing with death

anxiety and other related issues. Hypnosis
has
unique
advantages
for
patients
Presurgical hypnosis intervention
fully
integrated
functionally
and
reduces postsurgical side effects such as
geographically with other parts of cancer
anxiety,
fatigue.
services. There is ample evidence that
Clinical hypnosis in cancer settings
relaxation therapy, guided imagery and
provides symptom reduction (pain and
hypnotherapy can be very beneficial in
anxiety) and empowers patients to take an
helping patients cope with the diagnosis
active role in their treatments and
and treatment. There is some evidence
procedures. This benefit applies over time
that they may prolong life, although the
as well if used during the course of
research on this is inconclusive as yet.
pain,
radiotherapy.
nausea,
In
one
and
study
the
Hypnotherapy
is
an
effective
hypnotherapy group had a significantly

higher frequency of days where positive
feelings were greater than negative (85%
of days versus 43% of days for the
Control group).
The diagnosis and treatment of cancer are
often stressful, and high levels of
supplement therapy in the management of
psychological and psychiatric disorders
terminally ill cancer patients in a hospice
have been reported consistently over the
setting. It is useful in addressing (1)
last 20 years. However, studies have
management
provided evidence that much of this
anger, and frustration; (2) management of
distress is preventable by providing a
pain,
support service that is open-access and
management
of
fatigue,
anxiety,
and
of
depression,
insomnia;
(3)
side-effects
of
chemotherapy and radiotherapy; and (4)
known of these techniques involves the
visualization
health
use of positive mental images of a
improvement. By successfully addressing
strong army of white blood cells killing
these areas, studies have shown that
cancer cells. One 10-year follow-up study
hypnotherapy improves the individual
involving 86 women with cancer showed
quality of life and life expectancy.
that a year of weekly supportive/
Further, there is a quantifiable cost
expressive group therapy significantly
savings to the hospital in terms of reduced
increased survival duration and time from
medication and need for medical care.
recurrence
to
promote
to
death.
Postoperative
complications and hospitalizations for the

The four areas of intervention mentioned
hypnotic
above
most
often
involve
intervention
group
are
physical
significantly shorter than the norm.
relaxation coupled with imagery that

provides a substitute focus of attention for
Hypnosis has been shown to be effective
the painful sensation. Other related
for
imagery techniques, such as guided
nausea and vomiting in children with
imagery, involve attention to internally
cancer.
generated mental images without the

formal use of hypnosis. The most well-
Bibliography:
decreasing
chemotherapy-related
El uso de la hipnosis en el tratamiento de cncer

La hipnosis ha demostrado ser de gran
cuerpo; control de los sntomas, como
valor en el tratamiento de pacientes con
nuseas, enosis anticipatoria, aversiones
cncer. Aplicaciones especficas incluyen:
alimentarias aprendidas, etc. psicoterapia
establecer una buena relacin entre el
para la ansiedad, depresin, culpa, ira,
paciente y los miembros del equipo de
hostilidad, frustracin, aislamiento y una
salud mdica; el control del dolor con la
disminucin del sentido de autoestima;
auto-regulacin de la percepcin del dolor
visualizacin para la mejora de la
mediante el uso de anestesia guante, la
salud; y, tratando la ansiedad ante la
distorsin
amnesia,
muerte y otros temas relacionados. La
transferencia de dolor a una parte del
hipnosis tiene ventajas nicas para los
cuerpo diferente, o la disociacin de la
pacientes, incluyendo la mejora de la
parte
autoestima,
del
dolorosa
tiempo,
del
resto
del
la
participacin
en
el
autocuidado, la devolucin de locus de
niveles de trastornos psicolgicos y
control, la falta de efectos secundarios
psiquitricos
desagradables, y la eficacia, continuado a
consistentemente en los ltimos 20
pesar de su uso continuado.
aos. Sin embargo, los estudios han
se
han
reportado
proporcionado pruebas de que gran parte

La intervencin de la hipnosis pre
de
este
sufrimiento
es
evitable,
quirrgica reduce los efectos secundarios

proporcionando un servicio de apoyo que
postquirrgicas como la ansiedad, el
es de acceso libre e integrado. Existe
dolor, las nuseas y la fatiga. La hipnosis
amplia
clnica en entornos del cncer ofrece
evidencia
de
reduccin de los sntomas (dolor y la

que la terapia
ansiedad) y capacita a los pacientes a
de relajacin,
tomar un papel activo en sus tratamientos
imaginacin
y procedimientos. Este beneficio se aplica
guiada y la hipnoterapia puede ser muy
a travs del tiempo, as si se utiliza
benfica para ayudar a los pacientes a
durante el curso de la radioterapia. En un
lidiar
con
el
diagnstico
el
estudio, el grupo de hipnoterapia tuvo una

tratamiento. Existe cierta evidencia de
frecuencia significativamente mayor de
que pueden prolongar la vida, aunque la
das de sentimientos positivos pues eran
investigacin
sobre
este
no
es
mayores que los negativos (85% de los

concluyente todava.
das frente a 43% de los das para el
grupo de control).
La hipnoterapia es una terapia eficaz

complemento
en
el
tratamiento
de
El diagnstico y tratamiento del

pacientes terminales de cncer. Es til en
cncer son a menudo estresante, y altos
el tratamiento de (1) la gestin de la
mentales generadas internamente sin el
ansiedad, la depresin, la ira y la
uso formal de la hipnosis. La tcnica ms
frustracin; (2) manejo del dolor, la fatiga
conocida implica el uso de "imgenes
y el insomnio; (3) gestin de los efectos
mentales positivas" de un fuerte ejrcito
secundarios de la quimioterapia y la
de clulas blancas de la sangre matar las
radioterapia; y (4) la visualizacin para
clulas cancerosas. Unos de 10 aos de
promover la mejora de la salud. Al
estudio de seguimiento que involucra 86
abordar con xito estas reas, los estudios
mujeres con cncer mostr que un ao de
han demostrado que la hipnoterapia
terapia semanal "/ expresiva de apoyo" el
mejora la calidad de vida individual y
grupo
esperanza de vida. Adems, hay un ahorro
duracin y el tiempo de supervivencia de
de costos cuantificables al hospital en
recurrencia
cuanto a la medicacin reducida y
complicaciones
necesidad de atencin mdica.
hospitalizaciones
aument
intervencin
significativamente
la
la
muerte.
Las
postoperatorias
y las
por
el
hipntica
grupo
de
son
Las cuatro reas de intervencin

significativamente ms cortas de lo
antes mencionada con ms frecuencia
normal.
implican la relajacin fsica, junto con las
imgenes que proporciona un enfoque
La hipnosis se ha demostrado ser
sustituto de la atencin de la sensacin
eficaz para los efectos relacionados con la
dolorosa. Otras tcnicas de imgenes
quimioterapia como nuseas y vmitos
relacionadas,
en los nios con cncer.
como
la
imaginacin
guiada, implican atencin a las imgenes
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UNIVERSIDAD

El uso de la hipnosis en el tratamiento de

Xalapa, Veracruz 5/Julio/2015

Psychiatric Medicine [1992, 10(1):119-131]

Hypnosis has proven to be extremely

including improvement of self-esteem,

valuable in the treatment of cancer

involvement in self-care, return of locus

patients. Specific applications include:

of control, lack of unpleasant side effects,

establishing rapport between the patient

and continued efficacy despite continued

and members of the medical health team;

control of pain with self-regulation of

transference of pain to a different body

isolation, and a diminished sense of selfesteem;

improvement; and, dealing with death

Presurgical hypnosis intervention

reduces postsurgical side effects such as

geographically with other parts of cancer

services. There is ample evidence that

Clinical hypnosis in cancer settings

relaxation therapy, guided imagery and

provides symptom reduction (pain and

hypnotherapy can be very beneficial in

anxiety) and empowers patients to take an

helping patients cope with the diagnosis

active role in their treatments and

and treatment. There is some evidence

procedures. This benefit applies over time

that they may prolong life, although the

as well if used during the course of

research on this is inconclusive as yet.

hypnotherapy group had a significantly

supplement therapy in the management of

psychological and psychiatric disorders

terminally ill cancer patients in a hospice

have been reported consistently over the

setting. It is useful in addressing (1)

last 20 years. However, studies have

provided evidence that much of this

anger, and frustration; (2) management of

distress is preventable by providing a

support service that is open-access and

chemotherapy and radiotherapy; and (4)

known of these techniques involves the

use of positive mental images of a

improvement. By successfully addressing

strong army of white blood cells killing

these areas, studies have shown that

cancer cells. One 10-year follow-up study

hypnotherapy improves the individual

involving 86 women with cancer showed

quality of life and life expectancy.

that a year of weekly supportive/

Further, there is a quantifiable cost

expressive group therapy significantly

savings to the hospital in terms of reduced

increased survival duration and time from

medication and need for medical care.

complications and hospitalizations for the

relaxation coupled with imagery that

Hypnosis has been shown to be effective

the painful sensation. Other related