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CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY RESEARCH

3.1 The Research Schedule

The location of the research is the English Department of Faculty of Teacher

Training and Education, Al-Muslim University. It is located in Matang Glumpang

Dua Bireuen. The schedule of research will follow the schedule that prepare by the

writer about May or June after the writer get a letter of recommendation in campus.

3.2 The Population and Sample

The population of this research is the completely fourth semester student of

English Department in Al-Muslim University. As the sample of this research the

writer, randomly take one class to make easier for the writer to collect the data by

questionnaire, observation and interview.

3.3 Method of Research

In order to write this thesis, the writer has conducted two types of research.

They are library research and field research.

1. Library research

Library is a research conducted specifically concerned with library activities.

This research in aimed to support the support the field research. In thus case, several

book or other materials such as journals, magazines, newspaper, and dictionary

related to the problems in this thesis were use as references. By doing so, theories

that will widen the writer’s horizon in formulation of this study framework.
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2. Field research

The field research is use to fine the data and information of the students

concerning the speaking English at Al-Muslim University. In this case, three

teahouses were selected, namely observation, questionnaire and interview.

a. Observation

The purpose of observation is to find the data, directly by looking, examining

and observing the real situation at the campus. In this case, the writer

observed the presentation of English by the student. If should that only a few

student really interested in speaking English subject.

b. Questionnaire

Questionnaire constructed to get data from the sample students. By using the

questionnaire, the writer gives question paper to sample students to get

information about the real problem they are facing in learning English

especially speaking. In this case, the questionnaire used is closed and opened

questionnaire. Open and closed question and those in which alternative of

answer are given or put another alternative freely. Here, the writer provides

the alternatives answer that will be chosen by sample students only lake one

of available alternative, yet if they cannot find their own answer, it will be

easy for them to fill out with another alternative in opened questionnaire

form.
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c. Interview

Interview is one of direct communication to find the data and information. To

find the data the writers interview the students of English Department in Al-

Muslim University.

3.4 Research Design

In this research, the writer uses the qualitative research. The terms of

qualitative research have been use on location without definition. This type of

research is somewhat difficult to define, especially practice that covers a variety of

studies. We can take definition approach as provided by Krathwahl (1993: 740),

qualitative research that describes phenomena in word instead of number or measure.

Qualitative research is a field of inquiry that crosscut disciplines and subject

matter. Qualitative research aim to gather an in-depth understanding of human

behavior, social phenomena and the reasons that govern such behavior. Qualitative

research has its origins in descriptive analysis and is essentially in inductive process,

reasoning from the specific situation to a general confliction. It is context specific

with the researchers rule being one of conclusion in this situation. As Smith (1987)

indicates, qualitative research based in the notion of context sensitivity, the belief

that particular physical and social environment has a great bearing on human

behavior. Qualitative researchers emphasize a holistic interpretation. They perceive

fact and value as inextricably mixed.

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3.5 The Procedure of Collecting Data

The writer collecting the needed data by some different ways, firstly,

observation while the lecture is teaching the students. Researcher observes the

samples student’s phenomena or individual behaviors are occurring in the classroom.

No. CLASSROOM BEHAVIOR

1. Students practice the speaking
2. Students active the class
3. Students passive in the class
4. Students go out side while learning

Secondly, questionnaire: here, the writer will give questionnaire consisting of

25 (twenty-five) questions to see the real problems they are facing in learning

English especially in speaking English. Thirdly, the writer will take the data form

interview. In this case, the writers ask the students especially to obtain the

information about how the way that they do to be improve they speaking. In this

interview, the writer also observes the student’s confidence when they answer the

question orally.

3.6 Data Analysis

The analysis of data obtained from the distribution of the questionnaire can

be explains as follow to get information about the real problems they are facing in

speaking English.

For this purpose, the data obtained from the distribution of the questionnaire

to the students. The writer uses simple statistic with cumulative frequency

distribution method to count percentage from all alternative answer each question.
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The percentage used to show the difference percentage among the item so that the

writer can analyze the differences.

Here is the formula of the percentage that the writer used an examining the

questionnaire to get the result of the data (Sudjana, 1992: 50).

P = F/N x 100%

Where:

P = percentage (the value of percentage selected)

F = frequency (the number of frequency of the answer)

N = total of frequency (the number of sample)

100% = constant value

According to Michael Power (1987: 23) in order to evaluate student’s

achievement either for the pre-test or post-test, the writer will use the following

scoring system.

Excellent: has no difficulty in understanding question, and answer the question

without hesitation.

Good: has no difficulty in understanding question, and answer the question quite

promptly with few mistakes.

Fair: has a bit difficulty in understanding and answering question.

Poor: has a great difficulty in understanding and answering and weak

vocabulary.