UNIVERSITATEA BUCURETI

FACULTATEA DE LIMBI I LITERATURI STRINE

CATEDRA DE ENGLEZ
EXAMEN DE LICEN LA LIMBI MODERNE APLICATE
PROBA DE LIMBA ENGLEZ - SESIUNEA IUNIE 2013
I.TRANSLATE INTO ROMANIAN (9p +1=10p)

Chinas relations with America have deteriorated in recent years, raising the spectre of conflict in East
Asia. Buoyed up by its own economic success and Western stagnation, China has been asserting its
claims in the region more aggressively, sending the neighbours scuttling back to the American security
umbrella. Barack Obamas response has been a pivot towards Asia. In the absence of trust, both sides will
build up their military strength and responsible defensive behaviour could spiral into conflict. The world has
changed enormously in four decades, and China even more. Buzzing with online feedback and dedicated to
consumerism, some parts of China are now beginning to resemble America. Maos personal tyranny has
yielded to a more collective leadership by the Politburo, but the system is struggling to contain a 21stcentury society. Mr Xi, whose father was a comrade-in-arms of Mao, enjoys more personal authority than his
dull predecessor, Hu Jintao. In office for less than a year, he has quickly consolidated his power. He has
launched a crackdown on corruption and offici al extravagance. He talks of more economic reform. In
some ways Chinas new assertiveness makes co-operation harder. Mr Xis sabre-rattling reflects a much
deeper rise in nationalist sentiment in Chinese society. Many Americans fear that Chinas displacement of
America as the worlds largest economy will swiftly be followed by its rise to the status of military superpower.
Yet for both leaders, there is more to be gained from co-operation than conflict. And Mr Xi knows that if
America feels easier about Chinas intentions, it is likely to give him more latitude in his region. Messrs
Obama and Xi need to start by confronting the immediate causes of tension in Sino-American relations.
Chinese hackers have stolen intellectual property on a breathtaking scale, while American Sinophobes have
exploited curbs on exports to China, imposed after the 1989 slaughter in Tiananmen Square, to ban the
export of goods with the most distant of military associations, such as SIM cards. Mr Xi needs to send a signal
that cybertheft will not be tolerated. Mr Obama needs to push to lift some restrictions. There are plenty of good
reasons for America to be nervous about the rise of a new economic giant and to be angry about cyber-attacks,
obstructionism over Syria or the regimes brutality towards its own citizens. There are also plenty of reasons
for China to be annoyed with America: Americans have been too willing to demonise successful Chinese
companies such as Huawei or CNOOC. But the lesson of history is that everybody loses if the world allows
legitimate worries to get out of hand. More than 2,000 years ago Greece was torn apart by Spartas failure to
manage the rise of Athens. A hundred years ago Europe was torn apart by its failure to manage the rise of
Germany. If the 21st century is to be more peaceful than the 20th, America and China must learn to co-operate
better.
II.LANGUAGE IN USE (9 p +1 =10 p)
1.Identify the tenses and their values in the underlined instances (have deteriorated, has been asserting,
will build up, is struggling, talks (5x 0.4 = 2p)
2. Provide contextual synonyms for the following words underlined in the text above: spectre, buoyed up,
spiral, consumerism, to contain, in office, crackdown, assertiveness, sabre-rattling, rise,
displacement, latitude, confronting, curbs, obstructionism, to demonise ( 0,20 x 15 = 3 p)
3. Define the following terms in English and use them in sentences of your own: stagnation, intellectual
property, exports, goods, company (5 x 0.5 = 2.5 points)
4. Identify the error(s) in the sentences below and correct it (them): 1. There melted the ice in the yard. 2. He

laughed sick, 3. He donated Tom the money. 4. The house was owned by Mary. 5 Officials bribe obviously.. (5 x
0.5 = 2.5 points)