Faculty of Information Technology, Mathematics and Electrical Engineering

Department of Electric Power Engineering

Power Systems Group

TET 4115: Power System Analysis, FALL 2015

Solution Proposal to Assignment 2
Problem#1
(a)

The diagonal terms of YBus, Yii, contain the sum of all branch admittances
connected directly to the corresponding bus i.

The off-diagonal elements of YBus, Yij, contain the negative sum of all branch
admittances connected directly between the corresponding buses i and j.

If there is no line connecting two buses, then the corresponding off-diagonal

element of YBus is zero.

For example, associated with bus 2 are the nonzero off-diagonal elements Y21 and Y24,
which are equal to the negative of the respective line admittances.
Given z12 = 0.01008+j0.05040.

y 12

1
1

3.815629 j19.078144
z12 0.01008 j0.05040

Y21 y 12 (3.815629 j19.078144)

Similarly:
Y24 y 24 (5.169561 j25.847809)

Y22 is the sum of all the admittances connected to bus 2, including the shunt
susceptances for line chagrining of lines 1-2 and 2-4.
Y22 y 21 j0.05125 y 24 j0.03875 (8.985190 j44.83593)

Elements of YBus:
(1,1)

8.9852 -j44.8360

(2,1)

-3.8156 +j19.0781

TET4115: Power System Analysis, 2015.

(3,1)

-5.1696 +j25.8478

(1,2)

-3.8156 +j19.0781

(2,2)

8.9852 -j44.8360

(4,2)

-5.1696 +j25.8478

(1,3)

-5.1696 +j25.8478

(3,3)

8.1933 -j40.8638

(4,3)

-3.0237 +j15.1185

(2,4)

-5.1696 +j25.8478

(3,4)

-3.0237 +j15.1185

(4,4)

8.1933 -j40.8638

(b)
Elements of ZBus:
(1,1)

0.0029 - j2.5829

(2,1)

-0.0008 - j2.6014

(3,1)

-0.0001 - j2.5978

(4,1)

-0.0018 - j2.6063

(1,2)

-0.0008 - j2.6014

(2,2)

0.0029 - j2.5829

(3,2)

-0.0018 - j2.6063

(4,2)

-0.0001 - j2.5978

(1,3)

-0.0001 - j2.5978

(2,3)

-0.0018 - j2.6063

(3,3)

0.0029 - j2.5828

(4,3)

-0.0013 - j2.6039

(1,4)

-0.0018 - j2.6063

TET4115: Power System Analysis, 2015.

(2,4)

-0.0001 - j2.5978

(3,4)

-0.0013 - j2.6039

(4,4)

0.0029 - j2.5828

(c)
Ans: All diagonal elements of ZBus.
E.g., Thevenins impedance as seen from Bus 1 is Z11, i.e., 0.0029 - j2.5829

(d)
Ans: Z14, and yes the structure of ZBus will change.
ZBus will change whenever the structure of the transmission network changes.

(e)
IC
ZTh = Z33

~
-

Bus 3

-j5.4

VTh

Original Network

Ground
(Reference)

VTh
0.8400
IC

ZTh Zcapacitor Z33 5.4j

where Z33 = 0.0029 - j2.5828

Problem#2
(This is based on the procedure of finding elements of ZBus and YBus
experimentally as outlined in slides# 20-24 of Lecture 2.)
(a) What will be the value of the impedance measured between bus 1 and the
reference node (ground) when currents injected at buses 2, 3, and 4 are zero?
(Ans: Z11)
TET4115: Power System Analysis, 2015.

(b) If current of 2 pu is injected at bus 2, while open circuiting the current sources at
all the other buses, what will be the value of voltage between bus 1 and the
reference node?
(Ans: 2Z12)
(c) If a voltage source of 1 pu is connected between bus 3 and reference bus, what
will be the current injected at bus 1? (Ans: Y13)

Problem#3
(a) Since there is neither a load nor a generator at bus 2, the injected current at bus 2
is zero. i.e., I2 = 0
I1

I2 = 0

Transmission
Network

I3

2
V1
3
V2

V3
Ground

(b) Impedance Diagram:

j0.8

j0.5

j0.5

Eg1
-

V1

j0.2

j0.4

Ground

TET4115: Power System Analysis, 2015.

V3

~-E

g3

(c) Single Line Diagram with Current Sources:

Bus 1

Bus 3
j0.5

j0.2

Ig1
-j1.25

j0.4
Bus 2

Ig3
-j2

where

Ig1 j1.25Eg1
Ig3 j2Eg3
(d) Bus Admittance Matrix (YBus)
Convert the given primitive impedances into primitive admittances.

y ij

1
zij

z12 j0.2 y 12

1
j5 pu
j0.2

z13 j0.5 y 12

1
j2 pu
j0.5

z23 j0.4 y 23

1
j2.5 pu
j0.4

zg1 z10 j0.8 y 10

1
j1.25 pu
j0.8

zg3 z30 j0.5 y 30

1
j2 pu
j0.5

TET4115: Power System Analysis, 2015.

 Y11
YBus Y21
Y31

Y13 y 10 y 12 y 13
Y23
y 12
Y33
y 13

Y12
Y22
Y32

y 12
y 12 y 23
y 23

y 13

y 23

y 30 y 13 y 23

j5
j2
5
2
j1.25 j5 j2
8.25

YBus
j5
j5 j2.5
j2.5
7.5 2.5
j 5

j2
j2.5
j2 j2 j2.5 2
2.5 6.5

(e) Performance Equations expressing bus current injections in terms of bus

voltages:

I1 Y11
I Y
2 21
I3 Y31

Y12

Y13 V1
Y23 V2
Y33 V3

Y22
Y32

(f)
The performance equation for bus current injection at bus 2 is:
I2 Y21V1 Y22V2 Y23V3

Since there is neither a load nor a generator at bus 2, the injected current at bus 2 is
zero.

0 Y21 V1 Y22V2 Y23V3

V2

Y21V1 Y23V3
Y22

Given:
V1 100 pu
V3 1.05 100 pu

From YBus obtained in (d):

Y21 j5; Y23 j2.5 ;Y22 j7.5.

j510 j2.51.05 10 1.013 3.44

V
0

j7.5

TET4115: Power System Analysis, 2015.

pu


100
V1
V 1.013 3.440

2
0

V3 1.05 10

(g)
First, we need to find the injected bus currents I1 and I3
From (e):

0.6685 - j1.1260
2
100
I1 8.25 5

I j 5
1.013 3.440

7.5
2.5
0
2

I3 2
2.5 6.5 1.05 100 -1.0332 - j2.1934

(h) From the steady state equivalent circuit of synchronous generator, the following
basic relationships can be written:

Eg1 V1 I1X d1
Eg3 V3 I3X d3
Eg1 V1 I1X d1 (1 j0) (0.6685 - j1.1260)(j0.8)= 1.9008 + j0.5348
Eg3 V3 I3Xd3 (1.0340 - j0.1823)+(-1.0332 - j2.1934)(j0.5)= 2.1307 - j0.6989

(i) From (d), inverse of YBus gives ZBus

0.3931 0.3468 0.2543

ZBus j 0.3468 0.4590 0.2832
0.2543 0.2832 0.3410
Thevenins impedance as seen from Bus 2 is Z22 = 0.459

TET4115: Power System Analysis, 2015.