Advo Education Group Pte Ltd

Practice Paper 7

Reg. No. 200710217Z

Transition metals
(a)

(b)

(i)

Transition elements are d-block elements which form at least one ion with a
partially filled d subshell.

(ii)

1s22s22p63s23p63d54s1

(iii)

+2, +3 & +6

(i)

The N and O atom can each donate a lone pair of electrons to Cr3+ ion.
Dative /coordinate bond

(c)

(ii)

6 & Octahedral

(i)

Red /Orange

(ii)

For chromium complex, the chromium ion has partially filled 3d orbitals.
In the presence of ligands, the five 3d orbitals are no longer degenerate and
split into two energy levels due to the repulsion of the metal ion and the ligands.
When an electron is promoted from lower energy d orbital to higher energy (dd transition), an amount of energy has to be absorbed in the visible region of the
electromagnetic spectrum. The colour observed is complement to the light
absorbed.
It is produced in the body/so it should not be toxic/stable

(d)
(e)

(i)

6CrO2 + 10H+ 4Cr3+ + Cr2O72 + 5H2O

Cr2O72 + 14H+ + 6Fe2+ 2Cr3+ + 7H2O + 6Fe3+

(ii)

No of moles of Fe2+ = 10.0 x 0.02/1000 = 2.00 x 10-4

Cr2O72 6Fe2+ 6CrO2
No of moles of CrO2 = 2.00 x 10-4
Mass of CrO2 = 2.00 x 10-4 x 84 = 1.68 x 10-2 g.
[working:1 mark, answer:1 mark, ECF if correct calculations is done based on wrong
equations written in (e)(i)]

(f)

(i)

N2(g) and H2O(g)

(NH4)2Cr2O7

[Oxid no: N(-3) Cr(+6)

Cr2O3
Cr(+3)

+ N2 + 4H2O
N(0) ]

(Gases formed are colourless and odourless, so they cannot be NH 3 or NO2. Since
oxidation state of Cr decreased from +6 to +3, oxidation state of the other element
must have increased. In the reactant, H has O.S. of +1 and cannot be oxidised further.
Hence, N could have been oxidised from -3 to 0 oxidation state, forming N 2. The other
gas formed is H2O.)
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Practice Paper 10
Adapted from 2010 TJC Q3

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Practice Paper 7

Reg. No. 200710217Z

(f)

(ii)

NH3 gas evolved turns moist red litmus blue and orange dichromate(VI),Cr2O72-,
solution turns yellow as chromate(VI), CrO42- is formed.
NH4+ + OH-

NH3 +

Cr2O72- + 2OH-

H2O

2CrO42-

H2O

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Practice Paper 7

Reg. No. 200710217Z

Organic chemistry and ionic eqm

2.

(a)

(i)

Adapted from 2014 JJC Q2

DEA ionises partially in aqueous solution by accepting a proton. [1m]

pOH = 14 11.2 = 2.8
[OH] =102.8 = 1.58 103 mol dm3
DEA H+
[DEA] =

(DEA is a monoprotic base)

25.00 0.050
20.0

[1m] ans + 3sf

= 0.0625 mol dm3

Since [OH ] << [DEA], DEA is a weak base that ionises partially in water. [1m]
(iii)

R2NH(aq)
Kb =

(iv)

(b)

H2O(l)

[R 2NH2 + ][OH ]
[R 2NH]

R2NH2+ +
Or

R2NH2+(aq) + OH (aq)
[1m]

R2NH +

H3O+

R2NH2+

R2NH +

H+

H2O

(i)

R2NH(aq), R2NH2+(aq) and OH(aq) [1m]

(ii)

pOH pK b lg
pK b lg

[1m]

[salt]
[base]

[R 2NH2 ]
[R2NH]

10.00 0.050
or volume ratio
lg (3.98 10 5 ) lg [1m] for [salt]/[base]

15.00 0.050
4.22
pH = 14 4.22 = 9.78
(iii)
[1m]

When a drop of NaOH is added, OH is removed by R2NH2+.

OR R2NH2+(aq) + OH(aq) R2NH(aq) + H2O(l) *full arrow must be used

(c)

(i)

Boiling point of TEA is higher than that of DEA.

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Hence, pH of resultant solution remains approximately unchanged.

[1m]

[1m] 3 sf

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Practice Paper 7

Reg. No. 200710217Z

1st (): Both TEA and DEA have simple molecular structure.
2nd(): Due to the greater number of electrons per TEA molecule, more energy
is needed to overcome the stronger van der Waals forces between TEA
molecules than those between DEA molecules.
OR
2nd(): Intramolecular hydrogen bonding observed in DEA will render
intermolecular hydrogen bonding between DEA molecules to be less
extensive. More energy is required to overcome the more extensive hydrogen
bonds formed between TEA molecules than those between DEA molecules.
(ii)

hydrogen bonding
[1m]
OR

hydrogen
bonding

(i)

pOH = 14 9.6 = 4.4

[1m]
[OH] = 104.4 = 3.98 105 mol dm3
K sp
2.5 10 14
2+
-3
=
[Cd ] in mol dm = [OH ]2
3.98 10 5

= 1.58 105 mol dm3

3
[Cd2+] in g dm-3 = 1.58 105 112 = 1.77[1m]
103sf
g dm3

(ii)

[Cd2+] =

1.77 10 3 g 1.77 10 3 10 6 g
=
= 1.77 g cm3
1 dm3
1 103 cm3
[1m]

Vegetable produced will not be safe for human consumption.

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(d)

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Practice Paper 7

Reg. No. 200710217Z

2.

(e)
Reactions

+ ClCH2COCl
1 mol

1 mol

Condensation / Nucleophilic substitution ()

F + Na

cyclic G,
G C6H11NO3
1 mol
1 mol warm
Acid-metal reaction / redox () followed by
Nucleophilic substitution ()
G + Al2O3 H
Elimination / dehydration ()
H + Br2 decolourises
Electrophilic addition ()
F is

Deductions
F is neutral. F cannot be an amine.
F is an amide.

neutra

F is an alcohol undergoing acid-metal

reaction to give alkoxide. The alkoxide
formed acts as a nucleophile to attack alkyl
halide in F via intramolecular nucleophilic
substitution.
G is a cyclic ether.
G is an alcohol.
H is an alkene.
45 () : [2m]; 2-3 () : [1m]
H is

G is

[1m]

[1m]

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[1m]
Electrochemistry Adapted from SAJC/P2/4 2011

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Practice Paper 7

Reg. No. 200710217Z

(a)

(i)

OR NiOOH + H2O + e

(ii)
(iii)

Iron: Fe + 2OH
Fe(OH)2 +
Iron to Nickel oxide-hydroxide
1.2 = Ecell (NiOOH) (+0.55)

Ni(OH)2 + OH
2e

Thus,
(iv)

Ecell (NiOOH) = +1.75V

NiOOH + H2O + e

Ni(OH)2 + OH-

When the acid is added, it removes the OH ions and hence reduces its concentration
leading to the equilibrium above to shift to the right to replenish the OH- ions removed.
Hence the Ecell at the cathode becomes greater than +1.75V, resulting in the e.m.f
(v)

becomes greater than +1.2V

When the volume of the hydroxide increase, there is no change in concentration of the
OH hence no shift in equilibrium
Hence, there is no change in e.m.f

(b) (i)
(ii)

2Ni(OH)2 + Fe(OH)2
2NiOOH + Fe + 2H2O
Mass of Fe required = 3 x 0.95 = 2.85g
No. of moles of Fe = 2.85/55.8 = 0.05107
No of moles of electrons required = 0.05107 x 2 = 0.1022
Thus,
Total amount of electricity required = 0.1022 x 96500 = 9857.5C

(iii)

Thus minimum current = 9857.5 / (2 x 60 x 60) = 1.37A

Total amount of electricity = 1.37 x (2 x 60 x 60) = 9864 C
Total number of electrons = total number of nickel oxide-hydroxide
= 9864 / 96500 = 0.102
Total mass of nickel oxide-hydroxide = 0.102 x (58.7 + 32 +1) = 9.35g

(iv)

Actual mass of nickel oxide-hydroxide = 9.35/0.95 = 9.85g

O2 + 2H2O + 4e
4OH
Ered = +0.40V
Having a more negative than +1.75V ( Ered of the reaction at the
nickel (III) oxide-hydroxide), the hydroxide ions are also discharged to produce oxygen
gas.

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