Lab Simulation Report 1

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA
FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN KIMIA

PROCESS SIMULATION LABORATORY
(CPE613)
STUDENT NAME / ID
STUDENT ID
GROUP
EXPERIMENT
DATE PERFORMMED
SEMESTER
PROGRAMME
SUBMIT TO
No.
1
2
3
4
: MOHD ADAFI BIN OMAR

: 2013632232
: EH2215A
: LAB 1(SEPARATION OF AMMONIA AND WATER)
: 22ND SEPTEMBER 2015
:5
:CHEMICAL AND PROCESS ENGINEERING / EH221
: DR RAHIDA WATI
Title
Procedure
Process Flow Diagram (PFD)
Workbook/Stream Summary
Question & Discussion
TOTAL MARKS
Allocated Marks (%)

10
20
30
40
100
Marks
Remarks:
Checked by:
Rechecked by:
---------------------------------------------------------(DR RAHIDA WATI)

)
Date:
TABLE OF CONTENT
(
Date:
Procedure
Process Flow Diagram
Workbook/stream summary
Question and Answer
11
Discussion
12
Conclusion
14
Reference
15
PROCEDURE
1.
Firstly ,a new iCON project is started by selecting the New Project Button.
2.
Then ,a property package window will appear.

-In the window , All Property package from the Chemical System Categories is selected.
-Then, Advanced Peng-Robinson is selected from the Thermodynamic Model drop-down
list. After that click the Apply button.
3.
Compenent window is opened.

-Add all the chemicals being used which are Ammonia (NH 3) and Water (H2O) is being
entered into the compound list.
4.
In the Visio PFD flowsheet, all the equipments involved in separation of Ammonia and
Water were put in correct order.
5.
All the information given is being key in the streams and reactors.
STREAM 1:
Pressue
: 1724kPa
Temperature
: 143.6C
Mole fraction of water
: 0.2
Mole Fraction of ammonia
:0.8
Molar flowrate
:4536kgmol/hr
CONDENSER:
Outlet heat removed,Q
:1725kW
VALVE:
Outlet Pressure
:1034kPa
6.
The simulation is run by clicking the run button and the result are obtained which will be
discussed in the discussion section and to answer the question given
7.
Repeat all steps using Uniquac and Wilson model.
PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM
Figure 1 : Separation of Ammonia and Water Process Flow Diagram
WORKBOOK/STREAM SUMMARY
TABLE 1:ADVANCED PENG-ROBINSON STREAM SUMMARY
4
Name
S1
S2
S3
S4
E-1.Out
Vlv-1.Out
V-1.Vap
Vlv-1.In
V-1.In
Description
Upstream Op
Downstream Op
E-1.In
VapFrac
T [C]
P [kPa]
MoleFlow/Composition
1.00
0.96916
0.97879
1.00
143.6
137.5
122.0
122.0
1724.00
1724.00
1034.00
1034.00
Fraction
kmol/h
Fraction
kmol/h
Fraction
kmol/h
Fraction
kmol/h
WATER
0.19116
867.09
0.19116
867.09
0.19116
867.09
0.17749
788.00
AMMONIA
0.80884
3668.91
0.80884
3668.91
0.80884
3668.91
0.82251
3651.79
1.00
4536.00
1.00
4536.00
1.00
4536.00
1.00
4439.80
Total
Mass Flow [kg/h]
78104.46
78104.46
78104.46
76388.16
Volume Flow [m3/h]
8439.308
8040.314
13380.449
13378.464
117.134
117.134
117.134
115.234
Std Gas Volume Flow [Sm3/d]
2.579E+6
2.579E+6
2.579E+6
2.5243E+6
Energy [W]
1.725E+7
1.555E+7
1.555E+7
1.621E+7
H [kJ/kmol]
13691.4
12342.2
12342.2
13143.3
S [kJ/kmol-K]
182.451
179.186
183.084
184.929
17.22
17.22
17.22
17.21
Mass Density [kg/m3]
9.2548
9.7141
5.8372
5.7098
Cp [kJ/kmol-K]
41.584
43.115
40.913
39.895
Thermal Conductivity [W/m-K]
0.0377
0.0528
0.0464
0.0349
1.4343E-5
1.5511E-5
1.4571E-5
1.3542E-5
Std Liq Volume Flow [m3/h]
MW
Viscosity [Pa-s]
Molar Volume [m3/kmol]
Z Factor
1.861
1.773
2.950
3.013
0.9298
0.8991
0.9310
0.9510
Surface Tension
Speed of Sound
Name
S5
Description
Upstream Op
V-1.Liq0
Downstream Op
VapFrac
0.00
T [C]
P [kPa]
122.0
1034.00
Fraction
kmol/h
WATER
0.82210
79.09
AMMONIA
0.17790
17.11
1.00
96.20
Total
Mass Flow [kg/h]
1716.30
Volume Flow [m3/h]
1.985
1.900
5.4699E+4
Energy [W]
-6.581E+5
H [kJ/kmol]
-24627.5
S [kJ/kmol-K]
MW
97.947
17.84
864.6381
Cp [kJ/kmol-K]
87.876
0.5581
Viscosity [Pa-s]
Z Factor
1.6602E-4
0.021
0.0077
Surface Tension
Speed of Sound
TABLE 2:UNIQUAC STREAM SUMMARY
Name
COOL-OUT
FEED
LIQUID-OUT
VALVE-OUT
SEPARATOR.Liq0
VALVE.Out
Description
Upstream Op
CONDENSER.Out
Downstream Op
VapFrac
T [C]
P [kPa]
VALVE.In
0.97553
1.00
SEPARATOR.In
0.00
0.98996
133.0
143.6
120.5
120.5
1724.00
1724.00
1034.00
1034.00
Fraction
AMMONIA
0.80884
WATER
Total
CONDENSER.In
kmol/h
Fraction
3668.91
0.80884
0.19116
867.09
1.00
4536.00
kmol/h
Fraction
kmol/h
Fraction
3668.91
0.0075
0.34
0.80884
0.19116
867.09
0.9925
45.21
0.19116
867.09
1.00
4536.00
1.00
45.55
1.00
4536.00
Mass Flow [kg/h]
78104.46
78104.46
820.25
78104.46
Volume Flow [m3/h]
8670.289
9116.787
0.877
14143.504
117.134
117.134
0.825
117.134
2.579E+6
2.579E+6
2.5898E+4
2.579E+6
Energy [W]
1.650E+7
1.820E+7
-3.358E+5
1.650E+7
H [kJ/kmol]
13092.0
14441.2
-26543.7
13092.0
S [kJ/kmol-K]
180.609
183.679
98.969
184.616
17.22
17.22
18.01
17.22
9.0083
8.5671
935.3511
5.5223
Cp [kJ/kmol-K]
39.269
38.242
86.211
38.137
MW

Viscosity [Pa-s]
Z Factor
kmol/h
0.0555
0.0399
0.6780
0.0428
1.5309E-5
1.4343E-5
2.3228E-4
1.3979E-5
1.911
2.010
0.019
3.118
0.9758
1.0000
0.0061
0.9900
Surface Tension
Speed of Sound
3668.91
Name
VAPOR-OUT
Description
Upstream Op
SEPARATOR.Vap
Downstream Op
VapFrac
T [C]
P [kPa]
1.00
120.5
1034.00
Fraction
kmol/h
AMMONIA
0.81697
3668.57
WATER
0.18303
821.88
1.00
4490.45
Total
Mass Flow [kg/h]
Volume Flow [m3/h]
77284.22
14142.627
116.309
2.5531E+6
Energy [W]
1.683E+7
H [kJ/kmol]
13494.0
S [kJ/kmol-K]
185.485
MW
17.21
5.4646
Cp [kJ/kmol-K]
37.649
0.0361
Viscosity [Pa-s]
Z Factor
1.3410E-5
3.149
1.0000
Surface Tension
Speed of Sound
TABLE 3: WILSON STREAM SUMMARY
Name
COOL-OUT
FEED
LIQUID-OUT
VALVE-OUT
SEPARATOR.Liq0
VALVE.Out
Description
Upstream Op
CONDENSER.Out
Downstream Op
VapFrac
T [C]
P [kPa]
VALVE.In
CONDENSER.In
SEPARATOR.In
0.97552
1.00
0.00
0.98996
133.0
143.6
120.5
120.5
1724.00
1724.00
1034.00
1034.00
Fraction
kmol/h
Fraction
kmol/h
Fraction
kmol/h
Fraction
kmol/h
AMMONIA
0.80884
3668.91
0.80884
3668.91
0.0075
0.34
0.80884
3668.91
WATER
0.19116
867.09
0.19116
867.09
0.9925
45.22
0.19116
867.09
1.00
4536.00
1.00
4536.00
1.00
45.56
1.00
4536.00
Total
Mass Flow [kg/h]
78104.46
78104.46
820.39
78104.46
Volume Flow [m3/h]
8670.349
9116.787
0.877
14143.544
117.134
117.134
0.825
117.134
2.579E+6
2.579E+6
2.5902E+4
2.579E+6
Energy [W]
1.650E+7
1.820E+7
-3.359E+5
1.650E+7
H [kJ/kmol]
13092.0
14441.2
-26543.5
13092.0
S [kJ/kmol-K]
180.609
183.679
98.969
184.616
17.22
17.22
18.01
17.22
9.0082
8.5671
935.3494
5.5223
Cp [kJ/kmol-K]
39.270
38.242
86.212
38.137
0.0555
0.0399
0.6780
0.0428
1.5309E-5
1.4343E-5
2.3227E-4
1.3979E-5
1.911
2.010
0.019
3.118
0.9758
1.0000
0.0061
0.9900
MW
Viscosity [Pa-s]
Z Factor
Surface Tension
Speed of Sound
Name
VAPOR-OUT
Description
Upstream Op
SEPARATOR.Vap
Downstream Op
VapFrac
T [C]
P [kPa]
1.00
120.5
1034.00
Fraction
kmol/h
AMMONIA
0.81697
3668.57
WATER
0.18303
821.88
1.00
4490.44
Total
Mass Flow [kg/h]
Volume Flow [m3/h]
77284.08
14142.667
116.309
2.5531E+6
Energy [W]
1.683E+7
H [kJ/kmol]
13494.1
S [kJ/kmol-K]
185.485
MW
17.21
5.4646
Cp [kJ/kmol-K]
37.649
0.0361
Viscosity [Pa-s]
Z Factor
1.3410E-5
3.150
1.0000
Surface Tension
Speed of Sound
10
QUESTION AND ANSWER

1. What is the temperature of the outlet stream of the condenser?
Advanced Peng-Robinson
:137.5C
UNIQUAC
:143.6C
Wilson
:143.6C
2. What are the mole fraction of ammonia and water in the vapor and liquid stream of the
separator?
*Advanced Peng-Robinson
Vapor
Liquid
Water
0.17749
0.8221
Ammonia
0.82251
0.1779
Table 4: mole fraction for advanced Peng-Robinson model

*UNIQUAC
Vapor
Liquid
Water
0.18303
0.9925
Ammonia
0.81697
0.0075
Table 5: mole fraction for advanced UNIQUAC model

*Wilson
Vapor
Liquid
Water
0.18303
0.9925
Ammonia
0.81697
0.0075
Table 6: mole fraction for advanced WILSON model

3.Determine the mass flow rate (kg/h) for each outlet stream of the separator
Advanced Peng-Robinson :Vapor stream (78104.16 );Liquid stream( 1716.30 )
UNIQUAC
:Vapor stream (77284.22 );Liquid stream( 820.25 )
WILSON
: Vapor stream(77284.08 );Liquid stream( 820.39 )
DISCUSSION
11
The thermodynamic model uses are Advanced Peng-Robinson, Wilson

and UNIQUAC model. The different models have been used to understand the
effect of each model on the calculation of the experiment as well as the
output details of the product.
The aim of this experiment is to understand the use of condenser,
valve and separation process. Condenser is a device used to condense a
substance from its gaseous state to liquid state, by cooling it. A valve is a
device that regulates, directs or controls the flow of a fluid by opening,
closing, or partially obstructing various passageways. Valve is used to control
the pressure of the fluid. Separation process is a method to achieve any
mass transfer phenomenon that converts a mixture of substances into two or
more distinct product mixture, at least one of which is enriched in one or
more of the mixture`s constituent.
These thermodynamic models are also known as equation of state. An
equation of state is a thermodynamic equation describing the state of matter
under a given set of physical conditions. It is constitutive equation which
provides a mathematical relationship between two or more state functions
associated with the matter such as its pressure, temperature, volume or
internal energy.
Equation of state are useful in describing properties of
fluids, solids, mixture of fluids and even interior of stars.

Advanced Peng-Robinson model shows the outlet temperature and
pressures obtained at the separator are 122C and 1034kPa respectively. By
removing the heat at 1725 kW, the temperature drop from 143.6C to
122.0C. The condenser is used for cooling effect process by removing heat
at. The pressure drop from 1724kPa to 1034kPa .The valve is used to control
and lowering the pressure. The outlet product is expected to have more
12
water in the liquid stream and more ammonia in vapor stream. Based on
table 1, the result shows that the mole fraction of water in liquid stream is
0.80884 and mole fraction of ammonia in vapor stream is 0.82251. Mass flow
rate for vapor stream is 76388.16kg/h and liquid stream is 1716kg/h.
The UNIQUAC model is an activity coefficient model used in description
of phase equilibrium. The model is also called lattice model and has been
derived from a first order approximation of interacting molecule surfaces in
statistical
thermodynamics.
However
the
model
is
not
fully
thermodynamically consistent due to its two liquid mixture approach

(Wikipedia). From this equation the outlet temperature and pressure at the
separator is 120.5C and 1034kPa respectively. The temperature drop from
143.6C to 120.5C. Based on table 2, the result shows that the mole fraction
of water in liquid stream is 0.9925 and mole fraction of ammonia in vapor
stream is 0.81697. Mass flow rate for vapor stream is 77284.22kg/h and
liquid stream is 820.25kg/h
The Wilson equation of state is widely used equations in the field of

industrial thermodynamics for the prediction of phase equilibrium. From this
equation of state, the outlet temperature and pressure at the separator are
118.5 C and 1034kPa respectively. Based on table 3, the result shows that
the mole fraction of water in liquid stream is 0.9925 and mole fraction of
ammonia in vapor stream is 0.81697. Mass flow rate for vapor stream is
77284.08kg/h and liquid stream is 820.39kg/h
It can be conclude that both Wilson and UNIQUAC model give same
mole fraction of water and ammonia compared to Advanced Peng-Robinson.
The outlet pressure and outlet temperature of the separator calculated by
13
Wilson and UNIQUAC model also same, compared to Advanced PengRobinson model.
CONCLUSION
The conclusion is Advanced Peng-Robinson model gives higher outlet temperature at
separator which is 122C compared to Wilson and UNIQUAC model which is 120.5 C. For
Advanced Peng-Robinson model, the pressure drop is higher than Wilson and UNIQUAC model.
All the model operates at the pressure of 1034kPa. Other from that, the mass flow rate of vapor
stream for Advanced Peng-Robinson model is lower than UNIQUAC and Wilson model while
the mass flow rate of liquid stream for Advanced Peng-Robinson model higher than UNIQUAC
and Wilson model. As for Advanced Peng-Robinson model, the liquid stream produce low
fraction of water which is 0.8221 compared to others model which is 0.9925 while the vapor
stream produce higher fraction of ammonia which is 0.82251 compared to others model which is
0.81697.
14
REFERENCES
Codenser(heat transfer)- Wikipedia,the free encyclopedia
http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Condenser_(heat_transfer)
Valve-wikipedia,the free encyclopedia
https://en.m.wikipedia.org.wiki/Valve
Separation Process
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/separation_process
Equation of state-wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equation_of_state
UNIQUAC-wikipedia,the free encycklopedia
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNIQUAC
15

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UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA

FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN KIMIA

: MOHD ADAFI BIN OMAR

Allocated Marks (%)

---------------------------------------------------------(DR RAHIDA WATI)

Process Flow Diagram

Question and Answer

Then ,a property package window will appear.

Compenent window is opened.

Mole fraction of water

Mole Fraction of ammonia

Repeat all steps using Uniquac and Wilson model.

PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM

Figure 1 : Separation of Ammonia and Water Process Flow Diagram

Volume Flow [m3/h]

Std Gas Volume Flow [Sm3/d]

Mass Density [kg/m3]

Thermal Conductivity [W/m-K]

Std Liq Volume Flow [m3/h]

Volume Flow [m3/h]

Std Liq Volume Flow [m3/h]

Std Gas Volume Flow [Sm3/d]

Thermal Conductivity [W/m-K]

TABLE 2:UNIQUAC STREAM SUMMARY

Mass Flow [kg/h]

Volume Flow [m3/h]

Std Liq Volume Flow [m3/h]

Std Gas Volume Flow [Sm3/d]

Mass Density [kg/m3]

Thermal Conductivity [W/m-K]

Mass Density [kg/m3]

Thermal Conductivity [W/m-K]

TABLE 3: WILSON STREAM SUMMARY

Volume Flow [m3/h]

Std Gas Volume Flow [Sm3/d]

Mass Density [kg/m3]

Thermal Conductivity [W/m-K]

Std Liq Volume Flow [m3/h]

Mass Density [kg/m3]

Thermal Conductivity [W/m-K]

QUESTION AND ANSWER

Table 4: mole fraction for advanced Peng-Robinson model

Table 5: mole fraction for advanced UNIQUAC model

Table 6: mole fraction for advanced WILSON model

The thermodynamic model uses are Advanced Peng-Robinson, Wilson

Equation of state are useful in describing properties of

fluids, solids, mixture of fluids and even interior of stars.

thermodynamically consistent due to its two liquid mixture approach

The Wilson equation of state is widely used equations in the field of

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