Trance music

1.1 Origins

Trance is a genre of electronic music that developed

during the 1990s in Germany.[5] It is characterized by a
tempo lying between 125 to mid 140 beats per minute
(BPM),[5] repeating melodic phrases,[5] and a musical
form that distinctly builds tension and elements throughout a track often culminating in 1 to 2 peaks or
drops.[5] Although trance is a genre of its own, it liberally incorporates inuences from other electronic music styles such as techno,[3] house,[1] pop,[3] chill-out[3]
classical music,[3] [4] tech house, ambient and lm music.[4]

The origin of the term is uncertain; one theory suggests

that the term is derived from the Klaus Schulze album
Trancefer (1981). The earliest reference to 'trance' in
modern dance music is British act The KLF on their 1988
track What Time Is Love (Pure Trance 1), on which the
record sleeve is also annotated 'Pure Trance'.[10] Dance 2
Trance is also an early example of trance music, having
rst released single in 1991.[11]

A trance refers to a state of hypnotism and heightened

consciousness. This is portrayed in trance music by the
mixing of layers with distinctly foreshadowed build-up
and release. A characteristic of virtually all trance music is a mid-song climax followed by a soft breakdown
disposing of beats and percussion entirely,[3][5] and leaving the melody and/or atmospherics to stand alone for an
extended period before gradually building up again. As a
result, trance tracks are often lengthy to allow for this progression and have suciently sparse opening and closing
sections to facilitate mixing by DJs.
Trance can be purely instrumental, although vocals are
also a common feature. Typically they are performed by
mezzo-soprano to soprano female soloists, often without
verse/chorus structure. Structured vocal form in trance
music forms the basis of the vocal trance subgenre, which
has been described as grand, soaring, and operatic and
ethereal female leads oating amongst the synths.[8][9]

Psychedelic trance culture of Kazantip in 2006, showing the decorations common at trance music events.

Other schools of thought argue the name may refer to

an induced emotional feeling, high, euphoria, chills, or
uplifting rush that listeners claim to experience, while
other suggestions trace the name to the actual trance-like
state the earliest forms of this music attempted to emulate
in the 1990s before the genres focus changed.[5]

History

Some trace Trances antecedents back to Klaus Schulze,

a German experimental electronic music artist who concentrated in mixing minimalist music repetitive rhythms
and arpeggiated sounds (specically his 1988 album
En=Trance. In truth it was really Sven Vth, his labels and others in the same group that saw the initial
releases of trance Another possible antecedent is Yuzo
Koshiro's electronic soundtracks for the Streets of Rage
series of video games from 1991 to 1994; and Wangan
Midnignt Maximum Tune (series) series from 2001 up to
present.[12][13][14][15] It was promoted by the well-known
UK club-night megatripolis (London, Heaven, Thursdays) whose scene catapulted it to international fame.
Examples of early Trance releases include but are not
limited to German duo Jam & Spoon's 1992 12 Single
remix of the 1990 song The Age Of Love.,[1] German duo
Dance 2 Trance's 1990 track We Came in Peace.[5]

Trance Energy Festival in Utrecht, Netherlands

2
One writer traces the roots of trance to Paul van Dyk's
1993 remix of Humates Love Stimulation.[1] However,
van Dyks trance origins can be traced further back to
his work with Visions Of Shiva, which were his rst ever
tracks to be released.[16] In subsequent years, one genre,
vocal trance, arose as the combination of progressive elements and pop music,[3] and the development of another
subgenre, epic trance, had some of its origins in classical
music.,[3] with lm music also being inuential.[4]

SUBGENRES

ros (mix-outs) in order to enable DJs to blend them together immediately.[3][5] As trance is more melodic and
harmonic than other electronic dance music, the construction of trance tracks in the proper way is particularly
important in order to avoid dissonant (or key clashing,
i.e., out of tune with one another) mixes.

More recent forms of trance music incorporate other

styles and elements of electronic music such as electro
and progressive house into its production. It emphasizes
Trance was arguably at its commercial peak in the second harsher basslines and drum beats which decrease the impart of 1990s and early 2000s.[17][18]
portance of obeats and focus primarily on a four on the
oor stylistic house drum pattern. The bpm of more recent styles tends to be on par with house music at 120
- 135 beats per minute. However, unlike house music,
2 Production
recent forms of trance stay true to their melodic breakdowns and longer transitions.[20]

3 Subgenres
Main articles: List of trance genres and List of electronic
music genres

Roland JP-8000, a synthesizer famous for its incorporation of

the supersaw waveform

Classic trance employs a 4/4 time signature,[5] a tempo

of 125 to 150 BPM,[5] and 32 beat phrases and is somewhat faster than house music.[19] A kick drum is usually placed on every downbeat and a regular open hi-hat
is often placed on the upbeat or every 1/8th division of
the bar.[5] Extra percussive elements are usually added,
and major transitions, builds or climaxes are often foreshadowed by lengthy snare rollsa quick succession of
snare drum hits that build in velocity, frequency, and volume towards the end of a measure or phrase.[5]
Rapid arpeggios and minor keys are common features of
Trance, the latter being almost universal. Trance tracks
often use one central "hook", or melody, which runs
through almost the entire song, repeating at intervals anywhere between 2 beats and 32 bars, in addition to harmonies and motifs in dierent timbres from the central
melody.[5] Instruments are added or removed every 4, 8,
16, or 32 bars.[5]

Trance music is broken into a large number of subgenres.

Chronologically, the major subgenres are classic trance,
acid trance, progressive trance,[3] uplifting trance,[3] and
hard trance. Uplifting trance is also known as anthem
trance, epic trance,[3] stadium trance, or euphoric
trance,[5] and has been strongly inuenced by classical
music both in the 1990s[3] and at present with the development of the subgenre orchestral uplifting trance
or uplifting trance with symphonic orchestra by such
artists as Andy Blueman, Soundlift, Arctic Moon, Sergey
Nevone&Simon O'Shine etc. Closely related to Uplifting Trance is Euro-trance, which has become a general
term for a wide variety of highly commercialized European dance music. Several subgenres are crossovers
with other major genres of electronic music. For instance, Tech trance is a mixture of trance and techno, and
Vocal trance combines [trances] progressive elements
with pop music.[3] Balearic beat, which is associated
with the laid back vacation lifestyle of Ibiza, Spain, is often called "Balearic trance", as espoused by Roger Shah.
The dream trance genre originated in the mid-1990s, with
its popularity then led by Robert Miles. There is also a
slower bpm trance music, this styles are often called psybient (synonyms are psychill, ambient trance).

Since the 00s, trance music is often divided into

Uplifting Trance and Progressive Trance so as to appeal
to a wider pop music generation, the latter in particular is
more 'electro-pop' than trance and has become the baby
of most online former trance shows and DJs. Thus, many
well-known compilations such as A State Of Trance usually showcase Progressive Trance in disc 1 and UpliftAs is the case with many dance music tracks, trance tracks ing in disc 2. Labels once associated with only Uplifting
are usually built with sparser intros (mix-ins) and out- Trance have also been known to set up more progressiveIn the section before the breakdown, the lead moti is
often introduced in a sliced up and simplied form,[5] to
give the audience a taste of what they will hear after
the breakdown.[5] Then later, the nal climax is usually
a culmination of the rst part of the track mixed with
the main melodic reprise.[5]

4.2

Europe

oriented imprints, for example, Enhanced Music, Alter

Ego Recordings, Infrasonic Recordings and Anjunadeep.
As opposed to Uplifting Trance, Progressive Trance,
which is now usually presented simply as 'progressive'
given its departure from its trance roots, features a slower
bpm, predominantly remaining around 128 - 132, higher
emphasis of grooving bass lines rather than kicks, and the
incorporation of more well-known electro inuenced
elements. A common thought-process for trance artists
delineating from traditional uplifting trance structures
and foundations is that the slower bpm allows for more
interesting groove creation. Prominent labels releasing
Progressive Trance are Armind, Lost Language and Anjunabeats.
Clubbers at Gatecrasher on April 16, 2006

Music festivals

See also: Category:Trance festivals and List of electronic

music festivals
The following is an incomplete list of dance music festivals that showcase Trance music.

4.1

Asia

India: Sunburn Festival was launched in December

2007 as South Asias rst electronic music festival,
and featured heavyweights like Carl Cox and John
'00' Fleming. Located seaside in Goa, on Indias
west coast, the festival has its roots in Goa trance.
Sunburn treated more than 5,000 electro revelers to
a three-day party by the beach in December 2008.
At the 2009 festival, DJs such as Armin Van Buuren
and Sander van Doorn participated with audience
numbers running between 15,000 to 18,000 making it the biggest edition yet.As of the 2010 festival,
it showed the likes of Paul Van Dyk and many other
DJs with estimated crowds of 30,000 people.
Thailand: Full Moon Party Held each month on the
island of Koh Phangan. Thousands of people from
across the world gather on Haad Rin Nok (Sunrise
Beach) to dance under the moonlight.
Artists from India Aftermorning Productions, lost stories

4.2

Europe

Switzerland: Street Parade, Zrich, since 1992.

The worlds biggest electronic music festival (more
than one million visitors attend this event year by
year).
Portugal: Boom Festival (the last edition was in
Idanha-a-Nova) since 1997. This event is an outdoor festival running every two years with a duration

of several days, focusing in psychedelic Goa trance.

The festival also features workshops, presentations,
and cinema.
Germany: Waldfrieden Wonderland, Stemwede,
since 1997. The forest peace wonderland is an international open air music festival, which takes place
every year in August. The main style of music is
psychedelic trance.[21]
Sweden: Monday Bar Cruise has been arranged
four times a year since 2002 and takes place on a
2000 people cruise ship between Stockholm and the
Baltic countries. Styles include Trance, Psy-Trance,
Hardstyle and Hardcore.[22]
Belgium: Tomorrowland, Boom, since 2005. The
largest Belgian open-air electronic music festival.
2010 had more than 120.000 visitors. Tomorrowland in 2011 had a capacity of up to 180.000 visitors. DJs such as Armin Van Buuren, Tisto, Arty,
Cosmic Gate and many more.
Czech Republic: Transmission, Prague, since
2006. The biggest indoor Trance Music event in
middle and eastern Europe.
Germany: We Are One, Berlin, since 2010. This is
an Electronic Dance Music event, with the presence
of Trance music stars like Paul van Dyk and many
others. We Are One is a Paul van Dyks brand.
After the success of the last edition (Summer of
2013), they are looking forward to the next episode
in 2014, developing this unique Berlin Dance Festival.
Finland: Summer Sound, Helsinki, since 2011.
Biggest indoor/outdoor Trance music event in Scandinavia. Started as a one-day festival in 2011 and
was held in Suvilahti, Helsinki. First year performers included stars like Chicane, Above & Beyond, Roger Sanchez and Judge Jules. In 2012
was held rst time in Helsinki Exhibition and Convention Centre as a 3-day festival partly inside and

4 MUSIC FESTIVALS
partly outside. Every summer worlds best trance
(and other genres) DJ:s come together in Summersound. Past year performers have included such legends as Tiesto in 2012 and 2013, Armin van Buuren
in 2012, and Faithless 2013. Summer Sound Festival is being hold this year 18-20.7 in Helsinki Exhibition and Convention Centre and this years performers includes for example epic Trance legends as
Paul van Dyk and Paul Oakenfold.[23]
Greece: Dreamland, Ancient Olympia, since 2014.
An innovative and pioneering festival which aims
to achieve boundless cooperation among dierent
types of electronic music, between art and culture
as well as to promote the participants ecological
awareness.[24]
United Kingdom: Gatecrasher also promotes sporadic events and have in the past also used venues
such as Birmingham N.E.C.

4.2.1

Netherlands

Amsterdam dance event, One of the worlds trance

and electronic music festivals held every year in Amsterdam in October.
A State of Trance, Armin van Buuren's weekly radio show A State of Trance celebrates every 50th
episode with an event. Episode 400 was held in
Rotterdam. Episodes 500, 550 and 600 were held in
the Brabanthallen, 's-Hertogenbosch. Episodes 650
and 700 were held in the Jaarbeurs, Utrecht.
Electronic Family. A Trance only festival. This year
for the third time in the Amsterdamse Bos, Amsterdam. Organized by ALDA Events.
Mysteryland. A series of electronic dance music
festivals held by the Netherlands-based promoter
ID&T. Being the rst of its kind in the country dates
back to 1993.
Luminosity: Amsterdam, founded in 2007. With
the slogan Spreading The Love Of Trance Music,
the Luminosity festival is considered to be a 100%
Trance by some followers, and its organized by a
foundation named Luminosity Events. In 2013, the
event keeps the tradition, with a beach festival plenty
of trance music stars, and as they say: Luminosity
Events is a non prot foundation run by volunteers
who have a big heart for Trance music..
4.2.2 South America
Many Djs from all over the world join in either Brazil or
Argentina to perform in festivals. The mostly known are
A State of Trance Fest (ASOT Fest) that takes place in
Argentina almost every year.

Sensation White 2006

4.3 North America

Electronic Dance Music festivals in the Netherlands are
mainly organized by four companies ALDA Events, 4.3.1 Canada
ID&T, UDC and Q-dance:
Bal en Blanc is a rave party that is hosted annually,
in April during Easter holiday weekend, in Mon Armin Only, Jaarbeurs, Utrecht: the only DJ to mix
treal. This event usually has two separate rooms, one
at this event is Armin van Buuren. Organized by
catering to house music and the other to trance muALDA Events. Armin Only 2005 was held in Ahoy
sic. It usually lasts for more than 14 hours.
Rotterdam. The 2008 and 2010 editions were held
in Jaarbeurs Utrecht. The 2013 edition was held in
Digital Dreams Festival in Toronto featured a full
the Ziggo Dome, Amsterdam
trance stage in June 2014
Dance Valley, Spaarnwoude: an outdoor festival organized by UDC.
4.3.2 United States
Sensation, Amsterdam Arena. Organized by ID&T.

Electronic Music festivals in the US feature various elec Energy, (Formerly Trance Energy) Jaarbeurs, tronic music genres such as Trance, House, Techno, ElecUtrecht: Previously Trance only under the name tro, Dubstep, Breaks, and Drum & Bass:
Trance Energy, the festival was renamed En Decibel Festival, an annual music and digital arts
ergy in 2011 and begun to incorporate other
festival started in 2004 in Seattle. It is dedicated
genres. Organized by ID&T.

5
to live electronic music performance, visual art and
new media. The core of the festival comprises
concerts, performances, commissioned work, lm
screenings and exhibitions. The programing is presented in a variety of locations throughout Seattle, centered on the Capitol Hill neighborhood and
Downtown. Since its inception, Decibel has hosted
over 750 acts ranging from underground dance and
experimental electronic music to transmedial art.
Ultra Music Festival, an annual outdoor electronic
music festival that occurs in March in the city of Miami, Florida.
Electric Daisy Carnival, an annual massive organized by Insomniac Events that was held in Southern
California from 1997 to 2010, and was moved to Las
Vegas in 2011. In 2009, the festival was expanded
to a three-day event.
Nocturnal Festival, are annual events held in southern California and Thorndale, Texas organized by
Insomniac Events, held at the NOS Events Center
in San Bernardino, California in either August or
September.
Beyond Wonderland, an electronic dance festival in
northern California organized by Insomniac Events
Electric Zoo Festival, an annual electronic music
festival held over Labor Day weekend in New York
City on Randalls Island Park.
Electric Forest Festival 4 day Annual festival in
Michigan bringing very large crowd
TomorrowWorld 3 day Annual festival in Georgia
bringing very large crowd
Spring Awakening 3 day annual festival in Chicago,
Illinois with mostly mainstream electronic music
genres
POP The Dream - put on by Skills
POP NYE - NYE Electronic Music show by Skills
Paradiso - Festival hosted in the beautiful Gorge
Amphitheatre in Washington state (27,000 in attendance for 2015)

similar to raves or teknivals. Doof generally has

live electronic artists and DJs playing a range of
electronic music, commonly goa trance, eurodance,
happy hardcore and psychedelic trance.
Defqon.1 Festival - A music festival that mostly
plays hardstyle and related genres such as hardcore
techno, hard house and hard trance, the event has
been hosted in Sydney in mid-September since 2009
at the Sydney International Regatta Centre.
Rainbow Serpent Festival - A large electronic music, art and lifestyle festival, located in Victoria. The
festival is mainly known for psychedelic trance and
minimal techno music, but also features other genres of electronic music and non electronic music in
the smaller stages.
Stereosonic - Largest Electronic music festival in
Oceania, two days celebration since 2013, located in
Australia. The festival features a full Trance Stage
every year during the day in summer, and also includes big names of Trance music in the Main Stage
such as, Armin Van Buuren, Above And Beyond,
etc.

5 See also
Psychedelic trance

6 References
[1] Bom, Coen (2009). Armin Only: A Year in the Life of the
Worlds No. 1 DJ. Oxford, UK: Dutch Media Uitgevers
BV. ISBN 978-90-488-0323-1: p. 15
[2] Trance. AllMusic. Retrieved 9 July 2012.
[3] Fassbender, Torsten (2008). The Trance Experience.
Knoxville, Tennessee: Sound Org Inc. ISBN 978-0-24052107-7: p. 15, 16, 17, 19
[4] Webber, Stephen (2008). DJ Skills: The Essential Guide to
Mixing and Scratching. Oxford, UK: Elsevier Press. ISBN
978-0-240-52069-8: p. 35

FreakNight - Costume festival during Halloween

weekend in Seattle (Roughly 25,000 people)

[5] Snoman, Rick (2009). The Dance Music Manual: Tools,

Toys, and Techniques Second Edition. Oxford, UK: Elsevier Press. ISBN 0-9748438-4-9: p. 251, 252, 253,
266

Sun City Music Festival - El Paso Texas show by

SMG

[6] Hewitt, Michael (2009). Composition for Computer Musicians. Knoxville, Tennessee: Cengage Learning. ISBN
978-1-59863-861-5: p. 9
[7] Goa Trance. AllMusic. Retrieved 9 July 2012.

4.4

Australia

Doof - A type of outdoor dance party, which is

generally held in a remote country area or just outside big cities in surrounding bush or rainforests and

[8] Hawkins, Erik (2004). The Complete Guide to Remixing.

Boston, MA: Berklee Press. ISBN 0-87639-044-0: p. 51
[9] Trance Music What is Trance Music?
http://
dancemusic.about.com/od/genres/g/Trance_Music

[10] http://www.discogs.com/
KLF-What-Time-Is-Love-Pure-Trance-1/release/
92768
[11] http://www.discogs.com/artist/4762-Dance-2-Trance
[12] McNeilly, Joe (April 19, 2010). Game music of the day:
Streets of Rage 2. GamesRadar. Retrieved 28 July 2012.
[13] Ryan. Streets of Rage 2 Original Soundtrack (US): Review. Square Enix Music Online. Retrieved 7 August
2012.
[14] Streets of Rage 3 review Sega Megadrive. Mean Machines. Retrieved 1 August 2012.
[15] .
IGN http://m.ign.com/articles/2007/03/02/
yuzo-koshiro-the-dj. Missing or empty |title= (help)
[16] http://www.discogs.com/artist/
5379-Visions-Of-Shiva-The
[17] http://www.clubglow.com/dj-news/is-trance-dead/
[18] http://www.toucanmusic.co.uk/articles/trance.html
[19] Hewitt, Michael (2008). Music Theory for Computer Musicians. Boston, MA: Course Technology. ISBN 978-159863-503-4
[20] Paterson, Angus. Above & Beyond talk shop on Australian tour & trance 2.0". inthemix. nthemix Pty Ltd.
Retrieved 13 April 2013.
[21] https://www.wald-frieden.de/index.php/en/
[22] http://www.mondaybar.com
[23] http://www.summersound.fi
[24] http://dreamland-greece.gr

External links
Trance music at DMOZ
Trance on Bia2dj

EXTERNAL LINKS

Text and image sources, contributors, and licenses

8.1

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Flystyler, Rbras75, Yonskii, 7, DumZiBoT, Rul3r2003, Semitransgenic, XLinkBot, Larahelene, Nepenthes, KingRaven44, Kytsday, MystBot, Gouryella, Ryansc113, Airplaneman, Addbot, Bender3546, T.c.w7468, Elemented9, Sard112, Dan56, Tompalomp, Binary TSO,
Werwerwer11, RedRose333, MXVN, Mohamed Magdy, A State Of Trance, Redheylin, Smarcioni, Roux, Tide rolls, Dutzu~enwiki,
Lightbot, Arbitrarily0, Dreadkid08, Frehley, Legobot, David Klompas, Luckas-bot, Yobot, TaBOT-zerem, Dinglebomb, Tranzemaniac,
Bort08, KamikazeBot, AnomieBOT, Majed1, Rubinbot, Jim1138, Yaneleksklus, Hybrax, Flewis, Materialscientist, Danno uk, Maniadis,
Half past, FranithO, ArthurBot, LilHelpa, Tarsiersh, Zyphoenix, Xqbot, Unit3342423, Mononomic, Notitia ua, BattalBoy, Skillsdj, FireDragon604, Music drive, DJ Timezone, Lil' Noahz, BPM-ilicious, Spellbook, Daftpunker88, SassoBot, Sfphil, Sabrebd, Kleinmein86,
Channelturbo, ASOTMKX, A.amitkumar, Dan6hell66, Freakazoid0123, FrescoBot, Surv1v4l1st, AAAAB, Speak in Red, 2010,
Aurelia19, The Laxative, Ionutzmovie, Bakartkung, Masterknighted, DivineAlpha, Launchballer, Boyfriendtogirlsaloud, Tinton5, RedBot,
Kylemrsn, Omertarecords, Chepe263, PsyBrain, Lachlan Foley, Cnwilliams, Pacic 0316, Tim1357, ArchiveCarrickfergus, TechnoLord,
Appletangerine un, Brambleclawx, Chrisbkoolio, United states of ecstasy, Boogiwiki, Hajatvrc, Bubanan, Djnekke, Coinpeice, Agallant24,
Weyou, EmausBot, John of Reading, STATicVapor, Scottiericho, Sniperkiddo, Mashaunix, Penguincafe, Ialuvtimos, Wikipelli, Silverslang,
John Cline, Rantooya, DubStepRoolz, Przemo2741, Unreal7, 8TheSteer, Vincentangeles, Donner60, Joebloe25, ChuispastonBot, Mjbmrbot, Darudefan, Socialservice, Helpsome, ClueBot NG, Gareth Grith-Jones, Pengowl, GreenSpade, Jody222, Dorien922, Don Jackson
Headstrong, YuMaNuMa, Bladerunner80, ScottSteiner, Djpioneer, ReboyGTR, Danceking5, SingNowSeraph, Theopolisme, Rbarends,
Helpful Pixie Bot, HMSSolent, Dadool, BG19bot, Tonypilon13, , Djnebula1, Sebastian80, Samy souhail, Danielthekid971, Bharatshsh, Hansen Sebastian, Nomijaan, Myxomatosis57, Tandrum, Ajv39, JYBot, Earaps, Hmainsbot1, Yurone, Cratertempus, Jericho443,
Isarra (HG), Silvasaur, Hillbillyholiday, Darthtux2328, Ilovejamesfranco, Prokaryotes, Synthwave.94, Loutotheis, Ayuka, K9re11, PennyLane415, Omarm1984, Monkbot, Dashingboy, Rnjckhpr, Ischeinfeld, Laratadelaciudad, Peter238, Asdklf;, Aethyta, Mousepadrightmousepadleft, Hakken, Charmingpianist, Meatsleep, Allegory80622, Frevel8093, Akirainoues, Avaer7, Meluvswiki, Nikzner, Sweepy,
Jakesangren, Musicbrainzindia and Anonymous: 1323

8.2

Images

File:Commons-logo.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg License: ? Contributors: ? Original

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8 TEXT AND IMAGE SOURCES, CONTRIBUTORS, AND LICENSES

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Contributors:
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8.3

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