EXPERIMENT NAME: To perform the operation of basic gate (AND, OR, and NOT).

OBJECTIVE:
i) Observe the operation of three basic logic gates.
ii) Construct the truth tables for the AND, OR, and NOT gates.
iii) Verify the expected outputs to the truth tables for these gates.
iv) Draw timing diagrams for the logic gates.
v) Write the Boolean expression for the logic gates.

THEORY:
The logic gate is a circuit which has two or more inputs and only one output signal. Gates are
digital circuits because the signals are either high or low. OR, NOT, AND are basic gates.
NOT:
The NOT gate is called an inverter. The output is high when the input is low. The output is
low when the input is high.
AND:
The AND gate performs a logical multiplication commonly known as AND function. The
output is high when both the inputs are high. The output is low level when any one of the inputs
is low.
OR:
The OR gate performs a logical addition commonly known as OR function. The output is high
when any one of the inputs is high. The output is low level when both the inputs are low.
Truth table:
A truth table is a means for describing how a logic circuit’s output depends on the logic
levels present at the circuit’s inputs.
Boolean expression:
Boolean expression is an expression that results in a value of either TRUE or FALSE.

IC PIN DETAILS:
NOT gate AND gate OR gate

EQUIPMENT & METARIALS:-

i) Digital ICs:
7404 Hex Inverter
7408 Quad AND
7432 Quad OR
ii) Logic Trainer Board.
iii) Binary switches.
iv) DC power supply (5V - 9V).
v) Light Emitting Diode (LED).
vi) Solid-core wire.
BOOLEAN EXPRESSION:
NOT gate : Y=A
AND gate : Y = A.B
OR gate : Y = A+B

SYMBOL:

A A
A Y=A Y = A.B Y = A+B
B B

NOT gate AND gate OR gate

 TRUTH TABLE:

NOT gate AND gate OR gate

A Y=A A B Y = A.B A B Y = A+B
0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1
1 0 0 1 0 1
1 1 1 1 1 1

PIN DIAGRAM:

TIMING DIAGRAM: NOT gate AND gate OR gate

NOT gate
AND gate OR gate

PROCEDURE:
1. Place the IC on IC base of logic trainer board.
2. 5V supply was given to pin14 and ground was connected to pin7.
3. The input was connected to the input switches provided in the IC Trainer Board.
4. The output was connected to LED.
5. Then the trainer was switched on.
6. Output of LED was observed and noted corresponding to input values.
7. .Different combinations of input were fed and output was noted.
8. The same thing is repeated for all IC's.

RESULTS:

IC No. Types of gates inside

7404 NOT gate
7408 AND gate
7432 OR gate

PRECAUTIONS:
1. Reverse connection to pin14 and pin7 of an IC can cause error.
2 .Output of LED should be written carefully corresponding to respective input.

CONCLUSION:
Output of IC’s was composed with truth tables of different gates and it was concluded that
7404 is an IC of NOT gate, 7408 is an IC of AND gate and 7432 is an IC of OR gate.