ASSIGNMENT

SUBJECT: IDENTIFICATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES FOR

SCIENCE TEACHING AND LEARNING-POND

SUBMITTED TO

SUBMITTED BY

SREEKALA MISS

ANUSHA N

NATURAL SCIENCE

B. ED NATURAL SCIENCE

S.V.M.C.T.E VENDAR

S.V.M.C.T.E VENDAR

REGN NO. 18114384001

SUBMITTED ON 17.10.2015

INDEX

Sl.No.

1
2
3
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Content

Page No.

Introduction
Pond
Conclusion
Reference

2
3
6
7

INTRODUCTION
A Pond is a body of standing water, either natural or artificial, that is
usually smaller than a lake. They may arise naturally in flood plains as
part of a river system, if they may be somewhat isolated depressions.
Usually they contain shallow water with marsh and aquatic Plants and
animals. A few animals also make their home in ponds including both
Alligators and Beavers. The type of life in a pond is generally
determined by a combination of factors including water level regime
and nutrient levels, but other factors may also be important including
presence or absence of shading by tress, presence or absence of streams,
effects of grazing animals and salinity.
A pond ecosystem refers to fresh water
ecosystem where there are communities of organisms depended on each
other with the prevailing water environment for their nutrients and
survival. Usually ponds are shallow water bodies with a depth of 12 to
15 feet in which the sunrise can penetrate to the bottom permitting the
growth of plants there.

Pond is an example of natural resources. Ecosystem is the basic

functional unit with ecology deals since it includes both the organisms
and non living environment, each influencing the properties of the other
and both necessary for the maintenance of life on earth. The functional
component of a pond ecosystem is Abiotic and Biotic Components. The
Abiotic substance of pond ecosystem is formed as a result of the
mixture of some organic and inorganic materials. The basic components
are water, oxygen, carbon Dioxide, Salts of calcium and nitrogen etc.
Various organisms get their nourishment from the abiotic substance.
The biotic component of pond ecosystem consists of producer,
consumers, Decomposers.
Phytoplankton is the producers of the pond ecosystem along
with other floating plants. The energy produced by the autotrops are
passed through Eat and Being eaten chain. In pond the larvae of
insects consume autotrops as food. The Pond shallowness allows plants
to grow. Pond plants either grow entirely under water or partially on the
surface. A minority of plants will also grow along the ponds edge.
Ponds will support a large variety of animals and plant life, such as
birds, Cray fish, Small fish, insects, and frog, turtles, protozoa, algae
and Lilly pads. Ponds usually regulate the same water temperature
ranging from the water surface to the bottom. Pond may freeze solid in
colder climate.

A pond ecosystem a biotic unit in ecology is formed from the

cohabitation of plants, animals, and micro organisms and surrounding
4

environment, refers to a community of fresh water organisms largely

depend on each of the surviving species to maintain a lifecycle. Pond
shallow water bodies barely reach 12 to 15 feet in depth and allow the
sunrays to penetrate to its bottom, allowing fresh water plants to grow.
The pond natural cycle begins with the producers and then to the
consumers before ending with the decomposers.

The pond ecosystem consists of four habitats, including the

shore, surface film, open water and the bottom water. The shore
depending on its rocky, Sandy or muddy composition, lures in various
organisms. For instance rocky shores may now allow plants to grow,
while muddy or sandy shores attract grasses, algae, earthworms, snails,
protozoa, insects, small fish and micro organisms. The bottom water
habitat varies depending upon the ponds depth. Shallow ponds with
sandy bottom provide a nesting environment for earthworms, snails and
insects. Deep ended ponds have muddy bottoms, which allow various
micro organisms, such as flatworms, rat-tailed maggots and dragon fly
nymphs to reproduce and survive.

Globally the most important service provided by a pond, at many

scales, is the production of fish and other wild life. These are often a
source of food for humans, as well as an important source of recreation.
At the same time these pond help maintain water quality by recycling
nutrients. Hindu temples usually have a pond nearby so that pilgrims
can take baths. So the ponds are considered sacred. In agriculture
treatments pond may reduce nutrients released downstream from the
pond. The pond is used for studying pond structure, components, biotic
and Abiotic components, food chain, water concentration, mode of
adaptations, water living plants etc.

CONCLUSION
A pond ecosystem refers to fresh water ecosystem where there are
communities of organisms dependent on each other. Ponds are shallow
water bodies with a depth of 12 to 15 feet in which the sunrays can
penetrate to the bottom permitting the growth of plants. So the Pond is
used as an aid for teaching-Learning purpose. With the help of pond we
can understand the pond nature, water temperature, Biotic and abiotoc
components, Food chain I a ponds, Mode of nutrition in plants and
animals present in ponds, and determine the water living plants. To
understand the processes which determine the oxygen concentration in a
pond. To understand the influence of plants, animals, Light on the
oxygen concentration in a pond. Determine the number of plants,
animals and light intensity in a pond.

REFERENCES
1. www.pondecosystem.com
2. www.merriamwebstar.com
3. Wikipedia