UEC Tokyo

EMTS2007, Ottawa
July 27-28, 2007

A Compact Tri-Polarization Antenna

for MIMO Communication Systems
Yoshio KARASAWA & M. SHINOZAWA
Advanced Wireless Communication research Center (AWCC)
Univ. Electro-Communications (UEC Tokyo)

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Contents of Presentation
1. MIMO Channel and its Capacity
2. Tri-Polarization Antenna
3. Hand-Made Radio Echoic Chamber
(Creation of Multipath-rich Environment)
4. Performance Characteristics
5. Conclusions

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MIMO Technologies

MIMOcovers wide
technical areas

Radiowave propagation

Tx signal

Tx array

Rx array

Encoding with
time and space
domain

Decoding with
time and space
domain

Rx signal

Multi-path propagation
Information theory
and coding theory

Adaptive array and

adaptive signal
processing

Applications are from W-LAN to next-generation mobile wireless systems.

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MIMO Propagation Channel Model

Tx

Rx

Path profile (indoor)

TX array

RX array

Eigen path #1
#2

Equivalent circuit model

based on SVD

#3
#4

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Average Channel Capacity in iid Rayleigh Fading Environment

0 unord
C1 = m log 1 +
p
( ) d
0
2
Nt
0

m log 2 1 +
Nt

0 Nr
= m log 2 1 +

N r C0

(since <> = NtNr/m)

Channel capacity is approximately proportional

to the number of antennas when

{C0 log 2 (1 + 0 ); 0 >> 1; N t = N r }

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Increase of Channel Capacity

Use of Dual-Polarization Branches
Use of Triple-Polarization Branches

Compact MIMO Antenna

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Dual-Polarization antenna
Triple-Polarization antenna
(H)
(V)
Z
(Z)
H

HV Z
N.K. Das et al., IEEE VTC2004 Fall, LA, Sep. 27-29, 2004.

The tripolarization
antenna acts
as a threeelement MIMO
antenna
in the case of
multipath-rich
environment

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Compare

33 tri-pol. MIMO

33 single-pol. MIMO

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Antenna Element
/4

Z
H
V

4 cm
(5 GHz)
HZV

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Creation of a Multipath-Rich
Environment
Radio Echoic Chamber (Reverberation Chamber)
as a Reference Environment

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Handmade Radio Echoic Chamber

(Reverberation Chamber)
The chamber is enclosed with 20 aluminum plates (1mx2m plate)

2m

2m
4m
Hutch

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Radio-Echoic Chamber
Creation of an ideal multipath-rich environment
The chamber is enclosed
with 20 aluminum plates
(1mx2m plate)
4m

2m

2m

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Measurement of Propagation
Characteristics

5GHz Band Dipole Antennas

1m

Network
Analyzer

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Measured Propagation Characteristics

in frequency and spatial domains

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-20

-20

-25

-25

-30

-30

Power (dB)

Received power (dB)

Measured Characteristics of Radio-Echoic Chamber

-35
-40
-45

Tx pol . Rx pol.
V-V

-55

Cumulative probability

-60
5000

10

-1

10

10

-40

5020

5040
5060
Frequency (MHz)

5080

-50
-55

5100

The characteristics are

well represented by an
outdoor multipath-rich
environment!!

-2

-3

-50

-60
0

Delay (ms)

Rayleigh
dist.

-60

-35

-45

-50

10

= 430ns

-40

-30

Received power (dB)

-20

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CDF of Received Power for H-H, V-H, and Z-H

1

Radio Echoic Chamber

(Multipath-rich environment)

Cumulative probability

0.8

Rx pol: Horizontal (H)

0.6

0.4

0.2

0
-50

-45

-40

-35

-30

-25

Received power when Tx power is 0dB [dB]

-20

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The largest eigenvalue for multiple polarizations

1

3x3
(V, H, Z - V, H, Z)

Cumulative probability

0.8

0.6

2x2
(V, H - V, H)
1x1
(V-V)

0.4

0.2

(measured in a radio
echoic chamber)

0
-20

-15

-10

-5

Eigen value: [dB]

1

10

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CDF of Channel Capacity

1

SNR=10dB
SNR=20dB

Cumulative probability

0.8

A: single pol. (1x1)

B: dual-pol. (2x2)

0.6

C: tri-pol. (3x3)
0.4

D: 3-antenna array
(3x3)

C D

0.2

C D

0
1

10

Channel capacity [bit/s/Hz]

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Average channel capacity when using multiple polarizations

Channel capacity (b/s/Hz)

20
SNR = 10dB
SNR = 20dB

15

A: single-pol. (V-V: 1x1)

B: dual-pol (V,H-V,H: 2x2)

10

C: tri-pol (V,H,Z-V,H,Z: 3x3)

D: three single-pol. antennas
5

by three single-pol. antennas

(V,V,V-V,V,V: 3x3)

0
Case: A

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Conclusions
-Tri-polarization antenna, which is one of very compact
antennas, showed a nearly the same performance of 3x3
single-pol MIMO array in multipath-rich environment.
We will evaluate the performance of the antenna in actual
environments (both indoors and outdoors).

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Thank you very much

for your kind attention!