Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
Explanation
Examples
Intransitive
They're sleeping.
They arrived late.
Transitive
Linking
pronoun or a clause.
He watched them.
Verb Patterns
There are also many verb patterns which are common in English. When two verbs are
used, it is especially important to notice which form the second verb takes (infinitive - to
do - base form - do - verb ing - doing).
Verb Pattern
Structure
Examples
verb infinitive
I waited to begin
dinner.
They wanted to come
to the party.
verb indirect
object direct
object
verb object
infinitive
I observed them
painting the house.
I heard her singing in
the living room.
verb object
clause with
'that'
verb object
clause with
'wh-'
verb object
base form
(infinitive
without 'to')
- So did I.
I'm working very hard at the moment. - So is she.
Negative agreement / inclusion:
They haven't worked here long. - Neither have I.
We won't be able to come next week. - Neither will I.
Here is a quick overview of auxiliary verb usage:
DO / DOES
Used simple present question and negative forms:
What time does he get up?
They don't drive to work. They take the bus.
DID
Used in simple past question and negative forms:
In each of the following sentences an auxiliary verb is missing. Write the missing
auxiliary verbs on a piece of paper and then check the following page for the answers.
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This timeline tenses chart provides a handy reference sheet to English tenses and their
relationship to one another and the past, present and future. Conjugated verbs are
highlighted in bold. Tenses which are rarely used in everyday conversation are marked
by an asterisk (*).
SIMPLE
ACTIVE
PROGRESSIVE /
CONTINUOUS
ACTIVE
SIMPLE
PASSIVE
PROGRESSIVE /
CONTINUOUS
PASSIVE
PAST TIME
^
|
|
|
|
^
The painting
She had
|
I had been waiting
had been sold
already eaten
PAST
for four hours when
twice before it
when I arrived.
PERFECT he finally arrived.
was destroyed.
|
|
I bought a
new car last
week.
The company
has been
She has lived
managed by
in California for
Fred Jones for
many years.
the last two
years.
Those shoes
He works five
are made in
days a week.
Italy.
^
|
PAST
|
|
^
|
PRESENT
PERFECT
|
|
^
|
PRESENT I am working at the The work is being
|
moment.
done by Jim.
|
|
|
PRESENT
MOMENT
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|
|
|
FUTURE They are going to
INTENTION fly to New York
|
tomorrow.
|
V
The sun will
shine
tomorrow.
|
FUTURE
SIMPLE
|
|
V
She will be
The rolls will be being
teaching tomorrow
baked at two. *
at six o'clock.
I will have
The project
|
She will have been The house will have
completed the will have been FUTURE
working here for
been being built for
course by the finished by
PERFECT
two years by the end six months by the time
end of next
tomorrow
|
of next month.
they finish. *
week.
afternoon.
|
V
FUTURE
TIME
|
|
|
|
V
VERB FORMATION: The following chart shows the positive, negative and interrogative
(question) forms of all the principle tenses in English with a brief description of the
principle usage. Please note that for a better understanding of the tense forms you
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should follow the links to pages focusing on the specific tense. This chart is
principally for comparison purposes.
TENSE
Simple
Present
They don't
(do not)
Does she
work in
know him?
New York.
USE
Habitual activities - States
More
They didn't
She went
Where did Actions happening at a
(did not)
Simple Past to Paris
she get that defined moment in the past.
drive to
last week.
hat?
More
work.
Simple
Future
I'll (will)
meet you
at the
airport
tomorrow.
He's (is)
Present
working at
Continuous the
moment.
He won't
(will not)
be able to
come.
They aren't
(are not)
What are
coming this you doing?
evening.
He wasn't
I was
(was not)
Past
watching
working
Continuous TV when
when she
you called.
arrived.
I'll (will) be
cooking
Future
dinner
Continuous
when you
arrive.
They won't
(will not)
be living in
Paris this
time next
year.
They're
He's (is)
(are) not
Future with going to fly
going to
Going to
to Boston
invite the
next week.
Browns.
Present
Perfect
Will they
visit us
soon?
What were
you doing
when I
called?
What will
you be
Future action at a specific
doing next
moment in the future. More
week at this
time?
Where are
you going
to stay?
How long
have you
worked at
Smith's?
Future
Perfect
We'll (will)
have lived
here for
twenty
years by
2005.
She won't
(will not)
have
finished her
homework
by the time
we arrive.
Had you
ever seen
To express an action that
such a
happens before another
crazy lady action in the past.
before that?
How long
will you
have lived
in France by
the end of
next year?
She's (has)
Present
been
Perfect
waiting for
Continuous over three
hours.
They
How long
haven't
have you
(have not) been
been
working on
studying for that
long.
problem?
She'd
(had) been
waiting for
Past Perfect three
Continuous hours
when he
finally
arrived.
I hadn't
(had not)
been
sleeping for
long when I
heard the
doorbell
ring.
How long
had you
been
playing
tennis when
she arrived?
He'll (will)
have been
Future
sleeping
Perfect
for a few
Continuous hours by
the time
we arrive.
She won't
(will not)
have been
working for
long by 5
o'clock.
How long
will you
To express the duration of
have been an activity up to a point of
driving by 6 time in the future. More
o'clock?
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