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Combine
RELEASE 5
USERS MANUAL
Copyright 1998 by
ENGINEERING DYNAMICS, INC.
Printed in U.S.A.
Combine
Combine
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................
1.1 OVERVIEW .........................................................................................................................
1.2 PROGRAM FEATURES ......................................................................................................
1-1
1-1
1-1
2-1
2-1
2-1
2-1
2-2
2-2
2-2
2-2
3-1
3-1
3-13
4-1
4-1
4-1
4-2
4-2
4-2
4-4
4-5
4-6
5-1
5-2
5-5
5-8
Combine
ii
Combine
SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
Combine
Combine
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 OVERVIEW
The Combine program is a utility program completely compatible with common solution
files from the SACS suite of programs. It allows the user to Combine static and/or
dynamic results of the same model from various analyses into a single solution file. The
program has the ability to Combine results from dissimilar postfiles allowing results of
various construction stages to be interpreted and can also be used to perform symmetricantisymmetric analysis.
1-1
Combine
1-2
Combine
SECTION 2
Combine
Combine
2.0 COMBINING ANALYSIS RESULTS
The following sections contain a brief discussion on specifying combination procedures
for various types of analysis results. For a discussion on the theory of the combination
techniques, see the Commentary in Section 4 of this manual.
2-1
Combine
2.4 RESULTS FROM DISSIMILAR MODELS
Solutions from models of different sizes (ie. number of joints and/or members) can be
combined using the Combine program. This capability allows the analysis results of
structures in various construction stages to be combined for evaluation.
2-2
Combine
SECTION 3
Combine
Combine
3.0 COMBINE INPUT FILE
3.1 COMBINE STANDARD INPUT LINES
The Combine program requires a Combine input file along with one or two SACS
common solution files. The table below shows the standard input lines for the Combine
input file.
INPUT LINE
DESCRIPTION
TITLE
CMBOPT*
LCOND*
COMP*
END*
The following section contains the input lines that are applicable to the Combine
program module for all combination techniques except for extreme wave analysis. The
input lines for extreme wave are detailed in the following section.
Before creating the Combine input file, the user should be familiar with the basic
guidelines for the use of input lines. These guidelines are located in the Introduction
Manual.
Note: Required input lines are designated with an asterisk.
3-1
3-2
TITLE COMBINE SAMPLE MODEL
Combine
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839 40 414243444546474849505152535455565758596061626364656667686970717273747576777879 80
COLUMNS
COMMENTARY
3-3
LOCATION ALL TITLE LINES ARE ALWAYS PLACED IMMEDIATELY BEFORE THE
CMBOPT LINE.
(GENERAL) THE USER CAN PLACE AS MANY DESCRIPTIVE TITLE LINES AS REQUIRED
IN THE DATA DECK. THE FIRST TITLE LINE IS PRINTED AS A HEADING
AT THE TOP OF EACH OUTPUT PAGE. ALL TITLE LINES ARE LISTED AT
THE BEGINNING OF THE PRINTED OUTPUT.
Combine
THE RESULTING
3-4
CMBOPT
Combine
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839 40 414243444546474849505152535455565758596061626364656667686970717273747576777879 80
COLUMNS
COMMENTARY
(GENERAL) THIS LINE CONTROLS THE INPUT AND OUTPUT TYPE FOR THIS
ANALYSIS.
3-5
LINE
LABEL
( 1- 6)
( 8- 9)
(11-12)
(14-15)
(17-18)
(20-21)
(37-42)
FORMATTED
INPUT
FILE
OPTION
FORMATTED
OUTPUT
FILE
OPTION
SPECTRAL
ANALYSIS
OPTION
SPECTRAL
UNITS
OPTION
JOINT
ACCEL
OPTION
MEAN
WIND
AVERAGING
TIME
LEAVE BLANK
8))))) 9
11)))) 12
14)))15
17)))18
20))21
37)42
43)))))))))))))))))))))))))) 80
CMBOPT
1))))) 6
600.0
ENGLISH
SECS
METRIC
SECS
Combine
DEFAULTS
LOAD CASE EQC1 WILL BE CREATED BY COMBINING RESULTS USING THE PRSC
METHOD. EARTHQUAKE MEMBER AXIAL LOADS WILL BE ASSUMED TO BE COMPRESSIVE
WHILE ALL OTHER EARTHQUAKE LOADS WILL USE THE SIGN OF THE CORRESPONDING
DEAD LOAD CASE. A DESCRIPTIVE LABEL IS IN COLUMNS 18-80.
3-6
LCOND EQC1
PRSC
Combine
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COLUMNS
COMMENTARY
( 7-10)
(14-17)
3-7
(18-80)
LINE
LABEL
LOAD
CONDITION
NAME
REMARKS
14))))))) 17
18))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 80
LCOND
1))))))))))) 5
DEFAULTS
7))))))))) 10
LIN
Combine
COMBINATION
TYPE
LOAD CASE T001 WILL CONSIST OF THE SQUARE ROOT OF THE SUM OF THE SQUARES
OF 100 PERCENT OF LOAD CASE TEST FROM THE PRIMARY SOLUTION FILE AND 200
PERCENT OF LOAD CASE OP01' OF THE SECONDARY SOLUTION FILE.
3-8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839 40 414243444546474849505152535455565758596061626364656667686970717273747576777879 80
RMS
COMP PTEST
1.00
COMP SOP01
2.00
Combine
LCOND T001
COLUMNS
COMMENTARY
3-9
( 7-10)
(11-22)
(25-31)
( 25 )
( 26 )
( 27 )
( 28 )
( 29 )
( 30 )
( 31 )
(32-55)
LINE
LABEL
MODAL PARAMETERS
CONTRIBUTING
LOAD
CONDITION
LOAD CASE
FACTOR
ROT.
MOM.
X
AXIS
ROT.
MOM.
Y
AXIS
ROT.
MOM.
Z
AXIS
DEFL.
FORCE
X
AXIS
DEFL.
FORCE
Y
AXIS
DEFL.
FORCE
Z
AXIS
FREQUENCY
(HZ)
DAMPING
RATIO
(PERCENT)
LEAVE BLANK
ALL
STRESSES
7)))) 10
11)))) 22
25))31
26
27
28
29
30
31
32)))43
44)))55
56)))80
COMP
1))) 4
DEFAULTS
Combine
SOURCE OF
CONTRIBUTING
LOAD
CASE
END OF DATA
3-10
END
Combine
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COLUMNS
COMMENTARY
GENERAL
( 1- 3)
ENTER END.
3-11
LINE
LABEL
END
1))))) 3
ENGLISH
METRIC
Combine
DEFAULT
4)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 80
Combine
3-12
Combine
DESCRIPTION
TITLE
CMBOPT*
DIRECT*
LCAS*
WSPEC
SPEC
END*
The following section contains the input lines that are applicable to extreme wave
analysis. Before creating the Combine input file, the user should be familiar with the
basic guidelines for the use of input lines. These guidelines are located in the
Introduction Manual.
Note: Required input lines are designated with an asterisk.
3-13
3-14
TITLE COMBINE SAMPLE MODEL
Combine
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COLUMNS
COMMENTARY
3-15
LOCATION ALL TITLE LINES ARE ALWAYS PLACED IMMEDIATELY BEFORE THE
CMBOPT LINE.
(GENERAL) THE USER CAN PLACE AS MANY DESCRIPTIVE TITLE LINES AS REQUIRED
IN THE DATA DECK. THE FIRST TITLE LINE IS PRINTED AS A HEADING
AT THE TOP OF EACH OUTPUT PAGE. ALL TITLE LINES ARE LISTED AT
THE BEGINNING OF THE PRINTED OUTPUT.
Combine
THE RESULTING
3-16
CMBOPT
Combine
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839 40 414243444546474849505152535455565758596061626364656667686970717273747576777879 80
COLUMNS
COMMENTARY
(GENERAL) THIS LINE CONTROLS THE INPUT AND OUTPUT TYPE FOR THIS
ANALYSIS.
3-17
LINE
LABEL
( 1- 6)
( 8- 9)
(11-12)
(14-15)
(17-18)
(20-21)
(37-42)
FORMATTED
INPUT
FILE
OPTION
FORMATTED
OUTPUT
FILE
OPTION
SPECTRAL
ANALYSIS
OPTION
SPECTRAL
UNITS
OPTION
JOINT
ACCEL
OPTION
MEAN
WIND
AVERAGING
TIME
LEAVE BLANK
8))))) 9
11)))) 12
14)))15
17)))18
20))21
37)42
43)))))))))))))))))))))))))) 80
CMBOPT
1))))) 6
600.0
ENGLISH
SECS
METRIC
SECS
Combine
DEFAULTS
THE DIRECTION IS 90.0 DEGRESS. THE DEAD LOAD CASE IS IN THE PRIMARY
SOLUTION FILE AND IS LOAD CASE NUMBER 1. TWO LOAD CASES ARE TO BE
CREATED, ONE WITH AXIAL TENSION AND ANOTHER WITH AXIAL COMPRESSION AS
DESIGNATED BY B IN COLUMN 27.
3-18
DIRECT
90.0 P
Combine
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COLUMNS
COMMENTARY
3-19
( 1- 6)
( 7-14)
( 15 )
(16-19)
(20-26)
( 27 )
DIRECTION
LOAD
CASE
SOURCE
LOAD
CASE
NUMBER
LOAD
CASE
FACTOR
AXIAL
LOAD
OPTION
REMARKS
15)))))) 27
16)))) 19
20)))) 26
27
28))))))))))))))))))))))))) 80
1.0
DIRECT
1)))))) 6
7)))))) 14
P
DEGREES
DEGREES
Combine
DEFAULTS
THE WAVE HEIGHT AND PERIOD ARE SPECIFIED ALONG WITH THE COMBINATION
TYPE R+I IN COLUMNS 20-22. FOR THIS SAMPLE, PAIRS OF LOAD CASES
WERE USED TO DESCRIBE THE REAL AND IMAGINARY ROOTS OF THE TRANSFER
FUNCTION.
3-20
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839 40 414243444546474849505152535455565758596061626364656667686970717273747576777879 80
11.0
R+IP
58
59
LCAS 51.2
10.0
R+IP
60
61
LCAS 41.4
9.0
R+IP
62
63
Combine
LCAS 62.0
COMMENTARY
3-21
( 1- 4)
( 6-12)
(13-19)
(20-22)
( 23 )
(24-27)
(28-34)
(35-46)
(47-58)
(59-70)
LINE
LABEL
LOAD
CASE
SOURCE
LOAD
CASE
NUMBER
LOAD
CASE
FACTOR
LOAD
CASE
SOURCE
LOAD
CASE
NUMBER
LOAD
CASE
FACTOR
LOAD
CASE
SOURCE
LOAD
CASE
NUMBER
LOAD
CASE
FACTOR
LOAD
CASE
SOURCE
LOAD
CASE
NUMBER
LOAD
CASE
FACTOR
20)22
23)34
24)27
28)34
35)46
36)39
40)46
47)58
48)51
52)58
59)70
60)63
64)70
STD
1.0
1.0
1.0
WAVE
HEIGHT
WAVE
PERIOD
LOAD
COMB.
OPTION
6<)12
13<)19
LEAVE
BLANK
LCAS
1) 4
FT
SECS
SECS
1.0
Combine
DEFAULTS
71)80
3-22
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839 40 414243444546474849505152535455565758596061626364656667686970717273747576777879 80
DIRECT
90.0 P
LCAS 62.0
11.0
R+IP
58
59
LCAS 51.2
10.0
R+IP
60
61
LCAS 41.4
9.0
R+IP
62
63
PM7.0
12.0
0.25
WSPEC
PM5.0
8.0
0.53
WSPEC
PM3.0
4.0
0.22
Combine
WSPEC
COLUMNS
COMMENTARY
GENERAL
( 1- 5)
ENTER WSPEC.
(11-12)
3-23
(13-19)
(20-26)
(34-47)
(48-56)
(57-58)
WAVE
SPECTRUM
TYPE
JONSWAP PARAMETERS
SINGLE OR
DOUBLE
AMPLITUDE
OPTION
PROBABILITY
LEVEL OF
EXCEEDANCE
34<)))) 40
41<)))47
48<))))) 56
57))))) 58
59)))))))))))) 80
3.3
1.525
99.9
SA
SIGNIFICANT
WAVE
HEIGHT
DOMINANT
PERIOD
GAMMA
13<)))))) 19
20<))))) 26
WSPEC
1)))) 5
PM
ENGLISH
FT
SEC
METRIC
SEC
Combine
DEFAULT
11)))12
3-24
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1 US7.0
10.0
0.45
SPEC
17.0
0.1
12.5
22.1
10.0
43.8
SPEC
4.0
1.85
3.0
0.45
2.0
0.05
5.0
5.62
Combine
WSPEC
COLUMNS
COMMENTARY
3-25
GENERAL
THIS LINE DEFINES THE USER SPECTRUM. FOR THOSE CASES WHERE
A PIERSON-MOSKOWITZ OR JONSWAP SPECTRUM DEFINITION IS
NOT SATISFACTORY, THE USER CAN DEFINE A PARTICULAR
SPECTRUM WITH UP TO 100 POINTS USING 4 VALUES PER RECORD
AND UP TO 25 RECORDS. THESE RECORDS FOLLOW THE WSPEC
RECORD WITH THE US OPTION.
( 1- 4)
ENTER SPEC
( 9-16)
(17-24)
(25-40)
(41-56)
(57-72)
1ST POINT
2ND POINT
PERIOD
SPECTRA
VALUE
9<)))))) 16
3RD POINT
PERIOD
SPECTRA
VALUE
17<)))) 24
25<))))) 32
4TH POINT
LEAVE
BLANK
PERIOD
SPECTRA
VALUE
PERIOD
SPECTRA
VALUE
33<)))) 40
41<))))) 48
49<)))) 56
57<))))) 64
65<)))) 72
SPEC
1))) 4
ENGLISH
SECS
FT**2/HZ
SECS
FT**2/HZ
SECS
FT**2/HZ
SECS
FT**2/HZ
METRIC
SECS
M**2/H
SECS
M**2/H
SECS
M**2/H
SECS
M**2/H
Combine
DEFAULTS
73)))) 80
END OF DATA
3-26
END
Combine
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839 40 414243444546474849505152535455565758596061626364656667686970717273747576777879 80
COLUMNS
COMMENTARY
GENERAL
( 1- 3)
ENTER END.
3-27
LINE
LABEL
END
1))))) 3
ENGLISH
METRIC
Combine
DEFAULT
4)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 80
Combine
3-28
Combine
SECTION 4
COMMENTARY
Combine
Combine
4.0 COMMENTARY
4.1 SRSS COMBINATION METHOD
The square root of the sum of the squares combination method, usually called the SRSS
or RMS method, is used to Combine analysis results that are not correlated and are not
direction dependent. The RMS result is taken as:
rRMS '
Dij '
Assuming that the periods of the structural modes are short compared to the earthquake
duration, and the earthquake spectrum is smooth over a wide range of frequencies, the
cross-correlation coefficient between modal responses i and j, can be calculated
from:where r = Tj/Ti.
For constant modal damping, .i = .j = constant, the cross correlation coefficient can be
taken as:
Dij '
8.2(1%r)r 3/2
(1&r 2)2% 4.2r(1%r)2
Note: For equal damping, modes with the same frequency (r = 1), will
respond equally regardless of direction (pij = 1).
4-1
Combine
The CQC method is most applicable for symmetric structures with orthogonal modes of
nearly the same frequency. For systems in which the frequencies are well separated, the
CQC method solution degenerates to that of the SRSS method.
Y(f)'H(f)X(f)
where: f
X(f)
Y(f)
H(f)
(1)
= frequency.
= Fourier transform of the excitation.
= Fourier transform of the response.
= Transfer function.
The transfer function (also called the frequency response function) can be thought of as
the amplitude of the sinusoidal response when the excitation is a sinusoid of unit
amplitude. Equation (1) can be extended to the case of many response functions to a
given excitation by interpreting the terms in a matrix sense. In subscripted notation it is
written as:
Y i(f)'Hi(f)X(f)
4-2
(2)
Combine
In equation (2) Y and H are Nx1 matrices (or N component vectors) and X is a scaler (or
a 1x1 matrix). Taking the outer product of eq.(2) with itself results in the following:
(3)
If the excitation, x(t), is a random function of time, then its Fourier transform, X(f), is
also a random function, as are those of the responses, Yi(f). In this case equation (3) is a
relation between random functions (note, however, that the transfer functions, Hi(f), are
well defined and not random).
The average value of a random variable, Z, is represented by the notation Z. The average
of both sides of equation (3) gives:
Y iY j'HiHjX 2
(4)
Y i 'Hi X 2
(5)
For any random function defined in the frequency domain, Z(f), the function Z2(f) is
called the power spectral density (or the mean-square spectral density) of the process and
is designated by:
S Z(f)'Z 2(f)
(6)
The mean-square value of a stationary random function of time, y(t), ( ie. a process
whose statistics do not change with time) is given by:
y 2(t)'
m0
S(f)df
(7)
The square root of this is called the root-mean-square (RMS) value. Combining this
definition with equations (5), (6) and (7) yields the RMS value of the response of the
system:
Y RMS '
m0
Hi (f)Sh(f)df
4-3
(8)
Combine
For spectral response analysis of offshore structures, the excitation is the elevation of the
water surface at a point as a function of time, h(t), and the responses of interest. The
response is defined as the difference between successive maximum and minimum peaks
in the plot of versus time.
Thus if the spectral density of a particular seastate Sh(f), is known, and the transfer
function Hi(f) can be calculated, then the statistical RMS response for this particular
seastate may be taken as:
FRMS '
i
m0
Hi (f)S h(f)df
(9)
Dividing these response ranges by one-half of the corresponding wave height produces
responses for waves of unit amplitude because wave height equals twice the wave
amplitude for sinusoidal waves. The relationship between the response ranges of unit
amplitude and the corresponding wave frequency for all waves considered is the transfer
function.
4-4
Combine
S PM(F )'
5hs To
5
exp[& (F ()&4]
16 (F ()5
4
SJ(F )'
SPM(F ()
C
exp6ln(exp[&
(F (&1)2
2F2
]>
where:
hs =
Significant wave height, defined as the average height of the 1/3 highest
waves.
To =
Dominant wave period, the period for which S(f) is a maximum.
F* =
Dimensionless frequency, f/fo, where fo is the frequency corresponding to To.
(, F and C are parameters characterizing the JONSWAP spectrum. The following
defaults are built into the program:
( =
3.3
R 0.07 for F*<1
F =
|
F 0.09 for F*>1
C =
1.525
2 [4(48 %1)B4f ]
B
pf
f
SOH(f) ' j
'(8f)
2 f'1
hsf
48f%1
(2Bf)
where:
f = wave frequency
8 = peakedness
hs = significant wave height
fp = spectral peak frequency
4-5
exp[&
48f%1 fpf 4
( )]
4
f
Combine
4.4.4 Spectral Response
The RMS stress for a particular wave spectrum can be calculated from the following:
m0
FRMS '
i
H 2(f)(Si(f)df
Si(f) is the wave height spectral density and H(f) is the transfer function for the direction
being considered.
If a linear system is excited by a Gaussian random process, then the response will also be
a where Gaussian process, thus having assumed system linearity and Gaussian excitation,
the stress time histories are Gaussian at least to the order of our approximations. Further,
if each response is assumed to be narrow banded, then the spectral density of the
response is significant only over a narrow range of frequencies. Under these conditions
p(s)'
s
2
FRMS
exp[&
s2
2
2(FRMS
the stress range is a Rayleigh distributed random variable having a probability density
function given by:
where s is the response range and FRMS is the RMS value of the response range.
4-6
Combine
SECTION 5
SAMPLE PROBLEMS
Combine
Combine
5.0 SAMPLE PROBLEMS
The structure shown below was used to demonstrate the various capabilities of the
Combine program. Three separate Combine operations are illustrated:
1. The first sample problem illustrates the ability of the Combine program to create
one solution file containing results from two separate solution files.
2. Sample Problem 2 illustrates the program's ability to Combine modal results
using the Complete Quadratic Combination technique.
3. Sample Problem 3 illustrates the program's ability to Combine earthquake and
static results per API-RP2A guidelines.
5-1
Combine
SAMPLE PROBLEM 1
LOAD CASE 1 OF SOLUTION FILE 1
1 1.0
LOAD CASE 2 OF SOLUTION FILE 1
2 1.0
LOAD CASE 1 OF SOLUTION FILE 2
1 1.0
5-2
Combine
b. The load case factor is 1.0 as designated by '1.0' in columns 12-14.
The following page contains the output listing for this sample problem.
5-3
LOAD NUMB
CASE COMB
STRES
CQC
UNIT ORIG
LC =
CQC
5-4
CQC
XYZ
XYZ
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0.000
1.583
0.001
0.308
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.017
0.002
0.000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0.000
0.001
1.583
0.001
0.308
0.000
0.000
0.002
0.017
0.000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.176
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Y-DIRECTION RESPONSE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
3
SIGN CHANGE
ROT DEFL
X-DIRECTION RESPONSE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
2
FACTOR
Z-DIRECTION RESPONSE
Combine
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Combine
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COMBINE SAMPLE PROBLEM 2
CMBOPT
LCOND
CQC X-DIRECTION RESPONSE
COMP P
COMP P
COMP P
COMP P
COMP P
COMP P
COMP P
COMP P
COMP P
COMP P
LCOND
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0.2676E-04
0.11093E+01
0.1583E+01
0.12512E+01
0.1092E-02
0.12513E+01
0.3080E+00
0.28624E+01
-0.8988E-03
0.28626E+01
-0.8665E-06
0.32961E+01
-0.4582E-06
0.44839E+01
0.1699E-01
0.51856E+01
0.1758E-02
0.51857E+01
-0.1025E-05
0.57600E+01
CQC Y-DIRECTION RESPONSE
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
COMP P
COMP P
COMP P
COMP P
COMP P
COMP P
COMP P
COMP P
COMP P
COMP P
LCOND
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
-0.2461E-04
0.11093E+01
-0.1072E-02
0.12512E+01
0.1583E+01
0.12513E+01
0.9127E-03
0.28624E+01
0.3080E+00
0.28626E+01
0.1431E-05
0.32961E+01
-0.2307E-07
0.44839E+01
0.1728E-02
0.51856E+01
-0.1688E-01
0.51857E+01
0.1498E-06
0.57600E+01
CQC Z-DIRECTION RESPONSE
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
COMP
COMP
COMP
COMP
COMP
COMP
COMP
COMP
COMP
COMP
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
-0.6543E-06
-0.4092E-06
-0.7652E-07
-0.1212E-05
0.2822E-08
-0.1045E-05
0.4767E-07
0.1103E-05
0.3179E-06
0.1761E+00
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
0.11093E+01
0.12512E+01
0.12513E+01
0.28624E+01
0.28626E+01
0.32961E+01
0.44839E+01
0.51856E+01
0.51857E+01
0.57600E+01
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
5-5
Combine
C. The first LCOND line specifies that a CQC combination is to be performed when
creating load case 1 ('CQC' in columns 14-17).
D. The ensuing COMP lines specify the following:
a. Load case 1 in the new solution file will consist of the modal responses for
modes 1 through 10 of the primary solution file ('P' in column 6 and the mode
number in columns 9-10).
b. The modal response factor of each mode is designated in columns 11-22.
c. The frequency of each mode is designated in columns 32-43.
d. A damping ratio of 0.05 is specified in columns 44-55 for each mode.
E. The LCOND and COMP lines are repeated for each load case.
Note: When executing an earthquake analysis using the DYNAMIC RESPONSE
module with a runfile created by the SACS Executive, the Combine
input files for CQC and/or RMS combinations are created
automatically. The Combine steps are executed automatically as
part of the earthquake analysis.
5-6
DATE 22-NOV-1993
TIME 11:52:37
CMB PAGE
LOAD NUMB
CASE COMB
STRES
CQC
UNIT ORIG
LC =
5-7
CQC
CQC
XYZ
XYZ
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0.000
1.583
0.001
0.308
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.017
0.002
0.000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0.000
0.001
1.583
0.001
0.308
0.000
0.000
0.002
0.017
0.000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.176
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Y-DIRECTION RESPONSE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
3
SIGN CHANGE
ROT DEFL
X-DIRECTION RESPONSE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
2
FACTOR
Z-DIRECTION RESPONSE
Combine
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Combine
The following page contains the Combine input file used for this problem followed by a
detailed description of each input line used.
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STATIC + EARTHQUAKE CODE CHECK COMBINE
CMBOPT
LCOND
PRSC MEMBER CHECK STATIC + QUAKE COMPRESSION
COMP P
1 1.0
COMP S
1 1.0
LCOND
PRST MEMBER CHECK STATIC + QUAKE TENSION
COMP P
1 1.0
COMP S
1 1.0
LCOND
PRSC JOINT CHECK STATIC + QUAKE COMPRESSION
COMP P
1 1.0
COMP S
1 2.0
LCOND
PRST JOINT CHECK STATIC + QUAKE TENSION
COMP P
1 1.0
COMP S
1 2.0
5-8
Combine
a. Load case one in the new solution file will consist of load case 1 of the primary
solution file ('P' in column 6 and '1' in columns 10) and load case 1 of the
secondary solution file.
b. The load case factor for both load cases is 1.0 as designated by '1.0' in columns
12-14.
E. The second LCOND line specifies that for load case 2, seismic axial stresses shall be
assumed to be in tension ('PRST' in columns 14-17).
F. The COMP lines specify the following:
a. Load case two in the new solution file will consist of load case 1 of the primary
solution file ('P' in column 6 and '1' in column 10) and load case 1 of the
secondary solution file.
b. The load case factor for both load cases is 1.0 as designated by '1.0' in columns
12-14.
G. The third LCOND line specifies that for load case 3, seismic axial stresses shall be
assumed to be in compression ('PRSC' in columns 14-17).
H. The COMP lines specify that load case three in the new solution file will consist of
load case 1 of the primary solution file factored by 1.0 ('P' in column 6, '1' in column
10 and '1.0' in cols 12-14), and load case 1 of the secondary solution file factored by
2.0 ('P' in column 6, '1' in columns 10 and '2.0 in cols 12-14).
I.
The last LCOND line specifies that for load case 4, seismic axial stresses shall be
assumed to be in tension ('PRST' in columns 14-17).
J. The COMP lines specify that load case four in the new solution file will consist of
load case 1 of the primary solution file factored by 1.0 ('P' in column 6, '1' in column
10 and '1.0' in cols 12-14), and load case 1 of the secondary solution file factored by
2.0 ('P' in column 6, '1' in columns 10 and '2.0 in cols 12-14).
Note: When combining static and seismic results, the file containing
static results must be designated as the Primary solution file and
the file containing seismic results must be designated as the
Secondary solution file.
5-9
DATE 18-JAN-1993
TIME 09:51:45
CMB PAGE
LOAD NUMB
CASE COMB
STRES
UNIT ORIG
LC =
FACTOR
SIGN CHANGE
ROT DEFL
XYZ
XYZ
5-10
1.000
000
000
1.000
000
000
1.000
000
000
1.000
000
000
1.000
000
000
2.000
000
000
1.000
000
000
2.000
000
000
Combine