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Dynamic Vs Condenser
Dynamic Microphones
- Robust
- Used for live applications
- Low Frequency response
- Usually Cardioid Polar Pattern
- Does not require external power
source
- Less sensitive to low level sound
- Handles high sound pressure levels
AKG D112
Condenser Microphones
- Used for studio applications
- Sensitive to high
frequencies
- Requires external power
source: Phantom Power
- Sensitive to low level
frequencies
- Easily damaged if dropped
Cross-Section of a Condenser
Microphone
Condenser microphones
use a pair of charged metal
plates, one fixed and one
movable (diaphragm),
forming a capacitor.
When a sound wave hits the
diaphragm, the distance
between the two plates
changes.
This produces a change in
an electrical characteristic
called capacitance.
It is the variation of the
spacing, due to the motion
of the diaphragm relative to
the back plate, which
produces the electrical
signal corresponding to the
sound picked up.
In a dynamic microphone,
sound waves hit a thin
metallic diaphragm that is
attached to a coil of wire.
The diaphragm vibrates the
coil in response to the sound
wave. A magnet that is
positioned inside the coil
produces a magnetic field.
It is the motion of the coil in
the magnetic field which
generates the electrical
signal. The principles are the
same as those used to
generate electricity.
Frequency response for the AKG D112. This microphone is commonly used for kick drums
and low frequency instruments.