7 Flanges

7.1 Flanges to European and German Standards

7.1.1 Definitions
PN nominal pressure
Standard EN 1333 defines PN as an alpha-numeric designation which relates the
mechanical and dimensional properties of a pipe system component. The letters PN
are followed by a dimensionless whole number, which indirectly correlates with the
magnitude of the design pressure, in bar, of the connections at a temperature of 20°C.

DN nominal bore
Standard EN ISO 6708 defines DN as an alpha-numeric designation for the size of
pipe system components, which is used for reference purposes. The letters DN are
followed by a dimensionless whole number, which indirectly correlates with the
magnitude of the bore or the outer diameter, in millimetre, of the connections.

Pressure / temperature rating

The pressure / temperature rating defines the permissible pressure (surge free) at
various temperatures. The relationship is dependent on the nominal pressure rating
(PN) and the materials of the flange. The temperature refers to that of the pumped
liquid.
The pressure / temperature ratings are given in standard flange tables.
However the pressure / temperature rating of the flange may not necessarily apply to
the entire pipe system. The pressure / temperature rating of fittings, instruments,
gaskets and pumps can restrict the pressure / temperature rating of the flange
connection. Data from the manufacturer should therefore always be taken into
account.

7.1.2 Flanges to European EN, (DIN EN, BS EN) Standards

Cast iron flanges to EN 1092-2
The standard covers the following nominal pressure ratings
PN 2,5 PN 6 PN 10 PN 16 PN 25 PN 40
Flanges normally raised face type B

Ductile iron (SG) flanges to DIN EN 1092-2

The standard covers the following nominal pressure ratings
PN 10 PN 16 PN 25 PN 40 PN 63
Flanges normally raised face type B

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Cast steel flanges to EN 1092-1
The standard covers the following nominal pressure ratings
PN 6 PN 10 PN 16 PN 25 PN 40 PN 63 PN 100
Flanges normally raised face type B

7.1.3 Flanges to German DIN Standards

Cast iron flanges
The standard covers the following nominal pressure ratings
PN 2,5 PN 6 PN 10 PN 16 PN 25 PN 40
DIN 2530 DIN 2531 DIN 2532 DIN 2533 DIN 2534 DIN 2535
Flanges normally raised face type C
Note! These standards are no longer applicable for new equipment. EN 1092-2 should
be used.

Cast steel flanges

The standard covers the following nominal pressure ratings
PN 16 PN 25 PN 40 PN 64 PN 100
DIN 2543 DIN 2544 DIN 2545 DIN 2546 DIN 2547
PN 160 PN 250 PN 320 PN 400
DIN 2548 DIN 2549 DIN 2550 DIN 2551
Flanges normally raised face, PN 16 to PN 40 type C
PN 64 to PN 400 type E
Note: The standards for PN16 to PN100 are no longer applicable for new
equipment. EN 1092-1 should be used.

7.2 Flanges to American ANSI Standards

7.2.1 Definitions
Class
The flanges are categorised by class. The classes have similar meaning to the
European nominal pressure rating, although this term is not used. The figure given
after the class refers to a pressure in psig at a given temperature, according to the
material, which lies between 65 and 650°C.
However for steel flanges to ANSI B 16.5, the class is comparable with nominal
pressure rating.

NPS
The expression NPS = nominal pipe size is comparable with the European term
nominal bore (DN)
NPS is the nominal diameter in inches and is applicable to connecting fittings.
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Pressure / Temperature (P/T) rating
The pressure / temperature rating defines the permissible pressure at various
temperatures. The relationship is dependent on the pressure class and the materials of
the flange and for cast flanges on the nominal pipe size (NPS).
The rating is independent of the pumped liquid. The temperature refers to that of the
pipe system, although it can be assumed to be the same as that of the pumped liquid.
The pressure / temperature ratings are given in standard flange tables. However the
pressure / temperature rating of fittings, instruments, gaskets and pumps according to
data from the manufacturer should always be taken into account.

7.2.2 Cast iron flanges to ANSI B 16.1

The standard covers the following nominal pressure classes
Class 25 Class 125 Class 250 Class 800
(| PN 2,5) 1) (| PN 10) 1) (| PN 25) 1) (| PN 40) 1)
1) These values are not given in Standard ANSI B 16.1, i.e. they are not official and
serve only for comparison.
Flanges CL.25 and 125FF, CL.250 and 800RF

7.2.3 Cast steel flanges to ANSI B 16.5

The standard covers the following nominal pressure classes
Class
150 300 400 600 900 1500 2500
PN 20 PN 50 PN 68 PN 100 PN 150 PN 250 PN 420
Flanges normally raised face type RF

7.3 Flanges to International ISO Standards

7.3.1 Cast iron flanges to ISO 7005-2
The standard covers the following nominal pressure ratings
Preferred series (Series 1):
PN 10 PN 16 PN 20 PN 50
Optional series (Series 2):
PN 2,5 PN 6 PN 25 PN 40
Flanges: Normally raised face type RF
Exception: PN 20, without raised face FF (flat face)

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7.3.2 Ductile iron (SG) flanges to ISO 7005-2
The standard covers the following nominal pressure ratings
Preferred series (Series 1):
PN 10 PN 16 PN 20 PN 50 PN 110 PN 150 PN 260 PN 420
Optional series (Series 2):
PN 2,5 PN 6 PN 25 PN 40
Flanges normally raised face type B

7.3.3 Cast steel flanges to ISO 7005-1

The standard covers the following nominal pressure ratings
Preferred series (Series 1):
PN 10 PN 16 PN 20 PN 50 PN 110 PN 150 PN 260 PN 420
Optional series (Series 2):
PN 2,5 PN 6 PN 25 PN 40
Flanges normally raised face type B

7.4 Test pressure

All components of a pump installation which are subject to pressure, i.e. pumps,
pipework, fittings etc. must pass a hydrostatic test. This is to confirm the mechanical
strength of the component but also primarily the leak tightness.
The designated test pressure should generally be applied for a period of 30 minutes.
The test pressure is generally set at between 1.3 to 1.5 times the maximum operating
pressure, or the maximum permissible operating pressure, or the nominal pressure
rating of the flanges.
Clean cold water is used for the hydrostatic test.

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