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EPIDENDRUM AMARUENSE Hgsater, Collantes & E.Santiago


THE GENUS EPIDENDRUM PART 5

Plate 805
ICONES ORCHIDACEARUM 8. 2006

EPIDENDRUM AMARUENSE Hgsate r, Co llantes et E.5antiago, sp. nov.


Type : PERU : Huancavelica: Prov. Tayacaja, Dist. Huachocolpa: Bosque de Amaru, 2450 m, 22 febrero
2005, Benjamn Col/antes 1001. Holotype: USM! (llIustration voucher.) Isotype: MOL!

Epidendro jativae Dodson sim ile sed foliis brevioribus, floribus luteis usque viridi-ochrace is, petalis
latioribus ovatis, labello reniformi bilobato, recedit.
Hierba epfi ta, monopodial, ramificada, 17-20 cm de alto. Races de la base del tallo inicia l, ca rn osas delgadas, bl ancas, 12 mm de grosor. Tallos se ncill os, donde cada tallo nuevo se origina de los entrenudos apica les del ta flo anterior, tipo caa,
teretes, delgados, erectos, rectos; el Ixincipal 10-11.5 x 0.3 cm, los secundarios 4.5 -5.7 x 0.25 cm. Hojas 8 en el tallo
principal, 4 en las ramificaciones, distribuidas hacia la mitad apica l del tallo l altern as, articuladas, suberectas; vaina tubu lar,
9-14 x 2-3 mm ; lmina linear lanceolada, redondeada, bilobada y ap icu laaa, margen entero, 2.5-4 x 0 .3-0 .4 cm . Brctea
espatcea ausente . Inflorescencia apica l, racemosa, arqueada, co rta, florece una so la vez, 1 cm de largo; pedClnculo corto
terete, delgado, recto, 4 mm de largo; raquis terete, delgado, recto, 6 mm de largo. Brcteas florales ca. de la mitad de1
largo del ovario, linear triangulares, acuminadas, 4 mm de largo. Flores 4-8, simuTtneas, no resupinadas; color amarillo a
verl e ocrceo, el margen ae los spalos teidos de rojo parduzco, dorsalmente cobrizo, antera blanco verdoso; sin
fragan cia. Ovari o terete, delgado, no inflado, no ornamentado, 10 mm de largo. Spalos extendidos, libres, rombo ide
ovados, subagudos, 3-nervados, margen entero, dorsalmente lisos; el dorsal 5 x-:3 mm' los laterales obl icuos, 4 x 5 mm .
Ptalo s extendi dos, li bres, ovados, subagudos, 3-n ervados, margen entero, 5 x 4 mm. labelo unido a la columna, entero,
reniforme, bilobado en el pice, margen dim in utamente papiloso; ecalloso, provisto en la base de 5 qui llas carnosas,
paralelas, romas, cortas, 5 x 8.5 mm. Columna arq ueada en la base con respecto al ovario, arriba recta, gruesa, corta, con
una cavidad ventral a la cual se accesa por una hendidura larga y angosta; 4 mm de largo; las alas ap icales rectas.
Clinandrio corto, margen entero. Antera ren iforme, 4-locu lar. Polinios 4, ooovoides, lateralm ente comp rimid os, subiguales;
caudculas suaves y gran.!llosas, ms largas que los polinios. Rostelo apical, hendido. Nectario poco profundo, sin penetrar
el ovari O, amplio, 1150. Capsula no vista .
Epiphytic monopodial, branching herb. Roots from the base of t he basal stem, fleshy, thin, w hite. Stems simple, the new
stems orlginating from a subaplcal internode of the previous stem, cane-liKe, terete, thin, erect, straight. leaves 8,
d istributef throughout the apical half of the stem, alternate, articu late, suberect; sheath tubu lar(' blade linear-I anceolate,
rounded , bilobef, margin entire. Inflorescence ap ical, racemose, arch ing, short, flowering on y once; pedunde short,
terete, thin, straight; racllis terete, thin, straight. Floral bracts about half the length of the ovary, lin ear-t ri angu lar, acum inate.
Flowers 4-8, simu ltaneous, non-resup inate, yell ow to ochre-green, the marglll of th e sepals tinged w if h brownish-red,
dorsally copp'er-co lo red . Ovary te rete, thin, smooth. Sep'als spreadlllg, free, momboid-ovate, subacute, 3-veined, margin
entire dorsall y smooth; the lateral sepals oblique. Petals spread ing, free ovate, subacute, 3-vein ed, m argin entire. [ip
united to the co lumn, entire, reniform , apex bilobed, margin minutely pap ilfose; ecallose, provided at the base w ith 5 fleshy,
parallel, ro unded, short, keels. Column arch ing at the oase with respect to th e ovary, then straight, th ick, short, with a
ve ntral cavity w hich is accessed through a long, narrow slit the apical w ings straight. Clinandrium hood sho rt, margin
entire. Anther reni form( 4-celled. Pollinia 4, ooovoid , lateralfy compressed , subequal ; caudides 50ft and gran ulose, longer
than the pollinia. Roste lum ap ica l, sli t. Nectary shallow, w ithou t penetrating the ovary, w ide, smooth.
OTHER SPEClMENS: PERU: Paseo: Oxapampa, San A lberto, Cordill era de Ya nachaga, 2100
8483, MO! Ibi d ., 2300-2500 m, van der Werfr8438, USM!

111 ,

6 III 1986, van der Werff

OISTRIBUTION ANO ECOlOGY: Known on ly from the hi.)';her cord illera oriental of the Andes in central Peru, in doud
forest, ep iph ytic at 2100-24 50 m altitude. Flowering from Fe5ruary to March.
RECOGNITION: Epidendrum amaruense belongs to the Diothonea Group and Subgroup wh ich is characterized by the
branching plants linear-Ianceo late t o oblong leaves, t he ap'ex bilobed, racemose, arching-nutant inflo rescence
membranaceous (Iowers (rarely fleshy), the entire to 3-l obed, ecallose lip w ith t he margin erose ano w itho ut o r w ith 1-1 i:
thin, smooth t o erose keels, the co lumn co mpletely free to obliguely uni ted to the I:p, the anther ren ifo nn. The species is
recognized by the small, no n-resup inate, ye llow to ochre-green flowers (sepals 4-5 mm Ion.)';) w ith w id e floral segments, the
ovate p'etals 4 mm w ide and the ITp reniform, bilobed. It is similar
/:) .9 , .
to Epiaendrum j ativa e Dodson w ni ch shares the no n-resupin ate
-'rl' . :::;:,
-' flowers, but has longer leaves, up to 10 cm lo ng, 1.5 mm w ide,
Ih
~~ . ' U ()~);".J,~"_;:;:.D
oblong petals, and 1he 3-keeled IIp 3- lobed w lth th e midlobe
'"", ),, ~VV'~}\' , ":l ''..;
small and Itself bllobed. It 15 yegetatlve ly Similar to Epldendrum
'-,/ '0
~----' ,.- >/'~T'cochabambanum Dodson & Vasquez w hlch has linear petals 0.8e.." ~A,v
!
1.5 mm wide, and a transversely ellipti c w ith th e apex slightl y 4(\)'1 Q~C//
'---1,
lobed, and forming a w ide throat w lth the column. Epidendrum
.--:~~r
~
gastrochi/um Kraenzl., also from Peru, has much larger flowers
" /, ..C-~
1.",
sepa ls 11-13 mm lo ng) and the lip' is ovate-orbi cular with 6
0' " ~
"',
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laminar keels,. has a mu ch lo nger co lumn (9 -1.0 mm long), and
\~ __ '/--' ~
J
shares th e CUrlOUS narrow cavlty o n t he und ersld e of th e column
,
<-J'-/ !
w hich is accessed through a narrow, elo ngate slit, a feature first
described in th e Colomblan Epidendrum c/elstoco /eum Hgsater &
/LJ' )
~1
I qanti ago and shared by Epidendrum cottoniif/orum [Rchb.f.)
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'----/
Hagsater.

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CONSERVATION STATUS: DD. Data deficient.


ETYMOlOGY: In reference to th e grandi ose Amaru Forest, w here
th e pretype was collected. Th e term amaru in the In ca language
refers to a great seq;?ent, such as the giant Boa o r Anaconda found
in the forest The forest is ve ry ri cn in o rchid species, and has
, yielded several new species,

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,

Authors: E. Hgsater, B, Collantes & E. Santiago


Herbario AMO

IlIustrator: B. Collantes

Apartado Postal 53-123, 11320 Mxico, D.F., MXICO

Editors: E. Hgsater & L Snchez S.

ICONES ORCHIOACEARUM 8. 2006.

Plate 805

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