cersity Faculty of Engineering ~ Ayatseyl Raa Rags Leas) 0 Electrical Enginecriug Department ‘Math 9 ~ June 2015 2015 gi 9 clea, 2" year (Communicatious section} (evbaiy) 0g) dou Time allowed: Three Hours eee 29 1 “OUR questions: (Locate first the answer place of cach question in vour answer sheet Question (1) [18 marks} (2) Suppose that, in flight, airplane engines will fail with probability 1 — p, independently from needs the majority of its engines operative in order to complete a For what values of p is a 3-engine plane preferable to a 3-engine plane? Check your answer for p = 0.1 and p= 0.6, (b) The random variables X and ¥ have the joint PDE Fes) LO otherwise What ise? i) Kind the m {PME'S of Nand } iii) Explain shree different reusons dependent. iv) Compmte P@ ¥ SX X> 03). h of them implies that the random variables X and ¥ ave uestian (2) [/8 marks} (a) At the receiver of an AM radio, the recived signal contains a cosi a carrier frequency f. with a random phase @ which is uniformally distributed over the interval (0, 22). The received signal is X(t) cos (- 1+ A. Show that X(/) is WSSP. (b) A three-state discrete-time Marky chain {X,.07=0. 1,2...) has the W214 U4 shown state transition probability matrix with state spaee (0.1.2) py yg yyy aya al prabability veewr x" | 0.0} i) Compute POX: = 1, Xu =0, Yu = 1) Ny 2). La 4a 2} Compute PO, > X2 | Mi= 1). Compute P(X, = 6 | X=). ind the PDF of Xz given that Xj ~ 0. ini the steady-state distribution of (his system and interpret your result. y) Question (3) [/8 marks] (4) There are two possible causes for a breakdawn of a machine. To check the first possibility would cost C, dotlars, and, if that were the cause of the breakdown, the trouble could he repaired at a cost of Ry dollars. Similarly, there he second possibility. Let pand I~ p denote, respectively, the probabilities that the breakdown is caused by the first and second possibilities, i) Under what conditions on the parameters p. Ci, Ris C2, Ro should we cheek the first possible cause of breakdown and then the second, as opposed to reversing the checking order, so as to minimize the expected cost involved in returning the machine to working order? ) What is the right decision for the following set 3,C1 = 20. R) = 10, Please min overMali 9 June 2015 — Vinal exam (0) The random varéables ¥and ¥ have the joint PDE fA, expel FOG stherwise Let W= YX, i) Kind the CDF of 1, graph it and cheek its properties. ii) Find the PDF of IY, geaph if and check its properties. Question (4) [/8 marks} (a) Trains of class \ arrive at the tyain station at [S-minute intervals starting at 7:00 AML, whereas trains of class B arrive at 15-minute intervals starting at 7:08 A.M. The ticket in class A costs 2 Pounds whereas the ticket in class B costs 1 Pound. To cateh the train of 7:00 A.M., you have to arrive at the station not later than 7:00, A.M. and similarly for other trains i) Mr. Ali arrives daily at the station at a time uniformly distributed between 7:00 A.M. and 7:30 A.M. and then gets on the first train arrives. Find his long-run average daily ticket cost ii) The daily arrival time of Mr. Ahmed hay the triangular PDF over the interval from 7:00 A.M. and 7:30 A.M. as shown in the associated figure. Find his long-run average daily ficket cost. iii) Which random behavior is better: that of Mr, Ati or that of Mr. Ahmed? (>) ‘The continuous random variables Nand ¥ are independent with mar; Let U-min(X,¥), ¥ = max(X¥). i) Show dhat the CDF of U is given by Fein = Fy (a) + Fy) = Py yan) 1oW that the CDF of Vis given by Fed FROVFy Qn. Assume that X with p al PDF's fx) and filr). ad ¥ are independent Show that € ndom variables having exponential distributions N.Y) hay an exponen meters Ay and 4 distribution with parameter Ay + 2o. iv) Assame that Nand ¥ are the i dependent random variables having « uniform distribution over terval (0, aj. Show that # = nax(X,¥’) has the following PDF: 2w Peony O 2478 © and negligible stator impedance. Determine the resistance (referred to stator) that if added to rotor citcuit, results in maaimum starting torque 20 b. 60 « 8O d 109 A SOIIz, 4-pole, 3-phase, Y-conneeted, wound rotor induction motor has rotor ferred to stator at stand still of Re'+j XP = 2+ igible {the motor draws supply current of 3.44 when running at 5 Qand ni impedance r. stator impedance, | 1425 rpm. Determine the air pap power 175W b. 1.16kW ec. 3.3kW d.3.5kW Determine the developed power of un induction motor if its rotor copper loss is 1kW while running ata slip of 0.1 1o0W b. 900 c. OW dd. 10kW For high starting torque application use Induction motor with reduced voltage b. Y-Delta e.sturting resistance ind. auto- at starting switch series with the stator transformer The speed of induction motor can be controlled by inverter to b, changing thee. varying t varying rotor vary the number of supply voltage resistance in the frequency poles wound rotor type Low speed alternators used in: hydraulic power stations have cylindrical b, cylindrical salient rotor ds lient rotor rotor with high for with low with high with low number of number of number of number of poles poles poles poles A single phase, 4-pole alternator has 240 tums conneeted in series on its armature winding, What is the flux required to generate 220V, SOHz. at its terminals? Assume 0.96 winding factor 43 mWb b. 8.6mWb ce. 684 mWb d. 850 mWh Page 3 of §23. 24, a. 29, a 30. What happens when the speed of a synchronous generator is increased? frequency bh. induced voliage eddy current. Hysteresis loss increases s loss increases: increases increas the terminal voltage of an alternator slightly inereases when loaded. This means that the load has, lagging power —b. unity power a.orb. leading power factor factor factor An over excited (high field current) generator has higher b. higher ¢. lower d._ lower armature synchronous armature synchronous resistance reactance resistance reactance A 13.2kVA. 3-phase, Y-vonnected altemator supplies 20A, 0.6 lagging power factor load at terminal voltage of (220V/phase). Determine the no-load phase voltage if the generator has armature resistance of 0.3 Q and synchronous reactance of 0.4 Q 220 b ce 230V a. 240V A 6.6kVA generator supplics a load at terminal voltage of 380V. When the load is disconnected the terminal voltage inereases to 399V. Determine the voltage regulation = 5% b, - 4.76% e+ 4.76% d. =5% To change the sequence of the generated voltage of an alternator controi b. reverseall change number d._ reverse fi armature of poles current terminals To synchronise (wo generators they both must have same voltage b, sane ¢. same sequenced. same phase magnitude trequeney angle A 380V, S0Hiz, S-phase, Y-connected alternator is connected to an infinite bus 2.75Q. If the power delivered by the generator is increased gradually, what would be the bar. The generator has a synehrenous impedance of }+ maximum load angle before the generator breaks out of synchronism? ou” b. 70° c. 80° 90° Page 4 of 5Y-connected alternator is connected to @ 6.6kV. SEHz infinite bus ble armature . The generator has 1 synchronous reactance and neglie resistance. What would be the maximum power the generator van deliver at zero Voltage regulation? a 14.52MW b. 25.73MW oc, 43.56MW a. 130.68MW 32. synchronous motor is not self b. usesdamper —e isa constant dean deliver the starting motor bars to startas speed motor same power at an induetion \ariable power motor factor 33, The power factor of a synchronous motor ean be controlled by varying a. field current b. load reactance €.- motorspeed — d,_ input power 34. Synchrono capacitor is a. electrolytic —b. unloaded ec. type of de d. unlowed condenser synchronous Capacitors induction motor motor 38. The speed of syne a. excitation b, rowr resistance €. volt onous Motor can be controlled by varying its dy sequen Best Wishes Page S of 5ee 27t ‘spring 2015 Multiple Choice Questi choose ONLY ONE answer per ques RE 271 Fay gS! g sly ON Luan Bau) “OSEAlexandria University Ay paisay) daly Faculty of Engineering Lasigh US Electrical Engineering Department Gey Rap eS Lag June 2015) Se XiN8 gle Electrical Power Engineering Term Exam Sill Fain Second Year- Communication Section Nos a AG At Time allowed: 1.5 Hours Here they Hele ion Answer all the following questions: 1) A section of a 2 railway track 5 Km long is supplied from substation at each end of the section, Each way has a combined resistance of 0.03 per km of the track. At substation A the supply Voltage falls uniformly from 650 V to 600 V as the current rises from 0 to 1000 A. At sub. B the voltage falls uniformly from 630 V to 600 V as the current rises from 0 to 1000 A. If a train unit starts moving from A towards B with an average speed of 40 km/hr, and in the same time another unit starts travelling from B to A with an average speed of 60 km/hr. Obtain the total current supplied and the voltage at each end , 2 minutes after the two trains leave the two substation and each train takes 900 A. {10 Marks] 2) a. Drive the expression for calculating ac voltage drop along a feeder. [5 Marks] b. show how to calculate the voltage drop and the load voltage in case of: i- single phase load in three phase balanced system [2 Marks] Single phase load in three phase unbalanced system [2 Marks] Three phase balanced load [2 Marks] 3) a, why do utilities force the customers to improve their power factor? [4 Marks] b. Discuss in brief possible locations of power factor correction capacitors [3 Marks] c. An industrial plant draws a balanced 3 phase electrical load of 9.8 MW at p.f. 0.8 lag. The plant is supplied by three phase line having a maximum rating of 660 A at 11 kV. i. Calculate the apparent power and reactive power drawn by the load. (2 Marks] ii, If additional equipment of 1.5 MW at 0.7 pf. lag need to be installed in the plant. Find the minimum rating of the capacitor needed in MVAR that must be installed if the rating of the line not to be exceeded. [3 Marks] . What then is the total system power faetor. [2 Marks] 4) A three phase transmission line is 70 km long, it has the following parameters per phase per km: resistance=0.2 Q, inductance= 2 mil, capacitance=0.015 pF. The frequency is 50 Hz. If the line receiving end power is 50 MW at 0.8 pf lag and 132 kV. Determine sending end voltage, current, voltage regulation, and efficiency. [10 Marks] Prof. Amr Abou GhazalaAlexandria University Faculty of Engineering Fleetrical Engineering FIE245 Mechanical Engineering Design 2"" year communication inal Term Exam July 2 Time: 60 minutes ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS Question # 1: (10 Marks} A solid shaft is acted on by force P = 10 kN as shown, the shafi is connected to rectangular plate by three bolts as shown in the Figure (1). The forces are applying on the rectangular plate. Determine: The bolts size Mz» if the allowable shear stress for bolt t,=200 Mpa and the distance b = 100 mm p 600 mn Figure (1) Page 1/2 Dr. Wael A. At-TabeyAy SY kale, aig GIS Sud a Alexandria University iy of Engineering nical Engineering Dept M {thermodynamic} ‘Soins ye xt Fime allowed: | hour dela fate baa Question one (15 Marks): Multiple choice questions: Choose the best answer between A, B, C or D, Write your answer in the first page of the answer sheet. It is required to write the solution steps when needed to solve the problems. (For Air: R=0.287 kj/kg.K, Co= 1.005 KJ/Kg.K) 1, from thermodynamic point of view, the human body: is: (A) closed system (8) open system (C) adiabatic system (D) flexible system 2. Which of the following is an extensive property? (A) specific heat (8) Internal energy (C) Temperature (D) density 3, The mass of air ina tire with a volume of 0.2 m? with a gage pressure of 280 kPa at 25°C is nearest (A) 7.8 kg (B) 0.889 kg (C) 0.732 kg (D) 0.655 kg 4, Estimate the difference in density between the inside and outside of a house in the winter when P = 100 KPa, Tinsise = 20°C, and Tousie = 20°C. (Would you expect any tendency for air exchange due to this difference?) (A) 0.19 kg/m? * (8) 0.17 kg/m*> (C) 0.15 kg/m? (D) 0.09 ka/m* Page 1of 35. Which of the following statements about work for a quasiequilibrium process is incorrect? (A) work is a form of energy (B) Work is the area under 2 P-T diagram (C) Work is a path function (D) Work is always zero for a constant volume 6, Air is expanded in a piston-cylinder arrangement at a constant pressure of 200 kPa from a volume of 0.1 m’ to a volume of 0.3 m*. Then the temperature is held constant during an expansion of 0.5 m°. Determine the total work done by the air. (A) 98.6 kJ (8) 88.2 KI (C) 70.6 k) (D) 64.2 kJ 7. A 200-mmi-diameter piston is lowered by increasing the pressure from 100 to 800 kPa such that the P-V relationship is PV? = const. If V; = 0.1m’, the work done on the system is nearest (A) -18.3 k) (B) -24.2 kJ (C) -31.6k) (D) -42.9 ka 8. Energy is added to 5 kg of air with a paddle wheel until AT = 100°C. Find the paddle wheel work if the rigid container is insulated (A) -358 KJ (B) -382 K) (©) -412 k) (0) -558 KI 9. Air enters a device at 4 MPa and 300°C with a velocity of 150 m/s. The inlet area is 10 cm’ and the outlet area is 50 cm*. Determine the outlet velocity if the air exits at 0.4 MPa and 100°C, (A) 195 m/s (B) 185 m/s (C) 175 m/s (D) 165 m/s 10. The initial temperature and pressure of 8000 cm’ of air are 100°C and 800 kPa, respectively. Deterniine the necessary heat transfer if the volume does not change and the final pressure is 200 kPa. (A) -12 kd (B) ~32 KI (C) -52 kd (D) -72 3 Page 2 of 311. Consider a simple ideal Rankine cycle with fixed turbine inlet temperature and condenser pressure. What is the effect of increasing the boiler pressure on the following I. Cycle efficiency (a) increases, (b) decreases, (c) remains the same II. Turbine work output: (a) increases, (b) decreases, (c) remains the seme IIT, Heat supplied: (a) increases, (b) decreases, (c) remains the same IV. Heat rejected: (a) increases, (b) decreases, (c) remains the same V. Moisture content at turbine exit: (2) increases, (b) decreases, (c) remains the same Question two (15 Marks): A steam power plant operates on a simple ideal Rankine cycle between the pressure limits of 3 MPa and 50 kPa. The temperature of the steam at the turbine inlet is 300°C, and the mass flow rate of steam through the cycle is 35 kg/s. Show the cycle on a T-s diagram with respect to saturation lines, and determine: (a) the thermal efficiency of the cycle and (6) the net power output of the power plant. Page 3 of 3Alexandria University Byway) daly Faculty of Engineering Hush As Electric Engineering Dept. ily Sl Atigah ead Final Exam - 7 June 2015 Tete gig V— dealt Gy gla Course Title: Mechanical Engineering Sse) Leap: ysl) ae Fluid Mechanics part Rigel! SlSya 6 Se 2° year- Communication tact AIL; Agua yall Aaa Time allowed: 3 Hours (All parts) (eet jad) clot es ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS Question One: (15 points) In the pipe shown on Fig. (1), the pressure head is measured at two points A & B where the pressure head at A is 12 m. while that at B is 10 m, The difference in elevation between A & B is 3 1m, The pipe diameter is 1m, velocity of flow is 1 m/s. and the distance between A and B is 980 m: If the fluid kinematic viscosity, j/p. is 4x10 m’/s. Find, a- The flow direction b- The head loss due to friction between A & B ¢- The pipe roughness. Question Two: (15 points) 50 lit’s of water flows from tank A 10 tank B due to a difference of water level of 4 m. In order to increase the discharge, a booster dynamic pump is used in the line. The performance of the pump is given by: ‘Discharge (lit/s) | 0 Head (m) | 10 Efficiency (%) | 0 [60 90 120 10 9 7 84 88 5 a) What is the normal (design) discharge and normal Shaft power? b) Estimate the shaft power when the delivery valve is completely closed. ¢) Calculate the percentage of increase in the discharge and the corresponding Pump input power, 4) Ifenly 60 lit/s is needed, calculate the power lost in the valve. Rig yep Sano REY dia!ue Gene eS RP iy Darcy frietion factor, ¢ on 0.09 0.08 007 0.02 01s oot 0.009 0.008 The Moody Chart tases oe es ws oot ae ee HEE fon] fow Tit tow if Tot Fully rough turbulent ‘Gs. pic ‘Wond sve Rather smoothed Copper on base ting aston ‘Galvanized ia Wrougin ros Sulales tech 003.098 ‘ono 000033 900005 ‘0.00085 ‘0.0005 001s 0.001 0:0003 0.0005 0.0004 +} 0.0002 0.0001 0.00005 fo) MIO) Ta SG Higd MHI AG TER GS MU) AG OH gh AUDA ASO HyQr MIMDA A Sh A 4gh Reynolds number, Re af 0.00001 ive roughness, &-D Relat