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LISTENING PROCESS
Listening is hearing and perceiving a message. Hearing is a
physiological process while listening is a mental process. As the auditory
mechanism accepts a sound or a sequence of sounds, it sends it to the
nerve centre concerned for interpretation and to give meaning. For
communication there should be a speaker and a listener and a medium for
communication. The listener on hearing the sounds, with understanding
according to his experience, shapes the message. Listening is receptive
skill but it is an active process.
The listening process has three stages hearing, processing and
evaluating. If a person can repeat what the speaker has said, hearing has
taken place in him. And on hearing if the hearer thinks about how the
information can be interpreted against his background, it means
processing has taken place. In the third stage, the listener will assess the
validity of the information that is evaluation stge.
The objectives of listening are related to the levels of knowledge,
understanding, application and aptitude.
Their specifications are developing the ability to:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
SUBSKILLS
Basic listening skills are the ability to hear clearly and to
discriminate the sounds heard. Of the four basic language skills, we
seem to be giving least important to listening forgetting that listening is
a pre requisite for speaking and that language is primarily speech. If we
want to train our pupils in oral communication, there is no other way
than giving those practices in listening ie.developing their listening skill
in advance. Not only that, the time we spend for listening is 50% more
than the time we spend for speaking. But it is the listening skill on which
serious studies and researches have not been conducted. James L Brown
has pioneered in this field. According to him reading has primacy over
listening for learning up to the seventh grade and that listening skill does
not improve long after. We are less critical while listening than while
reading. It may be because the listener is not able to take a reverse to a
speech to catch a part of it which has been missed, where as it can be
done in reading.
According to Miss Althea Beery, listening skill can be developed by
1. Sensing relationships of listening to the other phases of
communication.
2. Understanding the psychological process of learning.
3. Providing general conditions conductive to learning.
4. Utilising opportunities for children to listen.