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The 5th Roundtable on Labour Migration in Asia

Building Effective Structures and Insitutions for


Migration Governance

28-29-30 January 2015


Shanghai, PRC
The views expressed in this presentation are the views of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the
Asian Development Bank Institute (ADBI), the Asian Development Bank (ADB), its Board of Directors, or the governments they
represent. ADBI does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this paper and accepts no responsibility for any
consequences of their use. Terminology used may not necessarily be consistent with ADB official terms.
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Managing Labour Migration:


The case of the Construction Sector
The Turkish Experience

Contribution of the Sector

one-tenth (1/10) of total global GDP


7% of total employed persons in the whole world.
About 200 sub-sectors.

Big consumer of energy (2/5)


And resources (1/2)

Construction

sector, as well as in the


world, is one of the most important
sectors of the Turkish economy.

Years

Non-agricultural
employment

sector /
Construction sector/ Construction
Non-agricultural
person
employment

2005
2006
2007
2008

15.553.000
15.241.000
15.588.000
15.959.000

1.171.000
1.189.000
1.224.000
1.125.000

7,53%
7,80%
7,85%
7,00 %

2009

16.324.000

1.297.000

7,94 %

2010

17.082.000

1.442.000

8,44 %

2011

18.079.000

1.512.000

8,36 %

2012

19.080.000

1.647.000

8,63 %

2013

19.755.000

1.753.000

8,87 %

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TURKISH INTERNATIONAL CONTRACTING SERVICES


BY YEARS (billion US$)

35

30

25

20

15

10

0
2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

11

42

Turkish constructor companies are in


the 250 Top International Constractors
List of 2014published by the
Engineering News Record.

12

1960s
1973
1990

Western Europe
Australia
Middle East & Gulf Countries
Africa
CIS

13

TURKISH POPULATION ABROAD

TURKISH CITIZENS
Region
Europe

Number
3.217.049

America

292.512

Middle East

172.594

Central Asian
Turkish Republics
Other Countries
Total

2%
4%

10%
Europe

7%

America
Middle East
C.A.T.R.

78.734
441.923

Other Countries

77%

4.202.810

14

15

2010

2011

2012

2013

(November)
2014

Irak

5.405

10.584

15.010

15.294

6.899

Russia

7.718

9.265

13.762

13.463

8.375

Saudi Arabia

6.349

7.867

8.184

5.206

3.619

Trkmenistan

4.625

4.898

4.810

3.816

3.265

555

1.594

2.197

3.069

2.265

Qatar

3.687

3.380

505

545

903

Libya

15.643

1.950

690

1.854

1.101

Azerbaijan

16

General Directorate of External Relations & Services to


Workers Abroad

Overseas Organization

Labour Force Agreements

Social Security Agreements

Vocational Qualification Regulation & Health and Safety at


Work
17

1967 Abroad Organization established

1972 General Directorate of Problems of Workers Abroad

1985 General Directorate of Services for Workers Abroad

2003 General Directorate of External Relations and Services for


Workers Abroad

18

Services are provided through 50 Missions in 23 Countries

9%

4% 4%
Europe
Asia

26%

57%

North America
Africa
Pacific

19

20

AUSTRALIA

JORDAN

AUSTRIA

KUWAIT

AZERBAIJAN

LIBYA

BELGIUM

THE NETHERLANDS

FRANCE

TURKISH REPUBLIC OF
NORTHERN CYPRUS

GERMANY

QATAR

12 COUNTRIES

21

ALBANIA

FRANCE

NORWAY

Signed with 29 countries

AUSTRIA

GEORGIA

QUEBEC

AZERBAIJAN

GERMANY

ROMANIA

25 Agreements in force

BELGIUM

ITALY

SERBIA

4 Agreements at ratification stage

BOSNIA
HERZEGOVINA

REPUBLIC OF
KOREA

SLOVAKIA

CANADA

LIBYA

SWEDEN

CROATIA

LUXEMBOURG

SWITZERLAND

CZECH REPUBLIC

MACEDONIA

TUNISIA

DENMARK

MONTENEGRO

TURKISH
REPUBLIC OF
NORTHERN
CYPRUS

ENGLAND

THE NETHERLAND

22

SOCIAL SECURITY AGREEMENTS


IN PROCESS
Negotiations
At Preparatory
Ongoing
Stage
HUNGARY

ALGERIA

IRAN

KYRGYZSTAN

JAPAN

MONGOLIA

MOLDOVA

SPAIN

MOROCCO

UKRAINE

12 COUNTRIES

POLAND
RUSSIA (RF)

23

The demand of skilled labour force in construction


sector
It is of vital importance to promote the education and
training of workers in the construction sector
53 professions in the construction sector are
recognised according to the National Occupation
Standards System
It is necessary to extend the occupational health and
safety culture and to integrate it with the vocational
training.

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