VII.

DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE AND LABORATORY EXAM

ULTRASOUND
A renal ultrasound is a safe and painless test that uses sound waves to make
images of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder.
Nursing consideration: Advice not to eat or drink anything for several
hours before the test.
EXAMINATION: KUB (Kidney and Urinary Bladder)
August 26, 2015
RESULT
The right kidney is small in size measuring about 9.0 x 2.8 x 2.4 cm
(LxWxAP) (size including cyst) exhibiting diffuse increase in parenchymal
echogenicity. There is an anechoic avascular cystic structures in the superior
pole of the right kidney measuring approximately 3.3x 2.6 cm (LxAP). The
pelvocalyceal system is not dilated.
The left kidney is also small in size measuring approximately 7.9 x 3.8 x 3.4
cm (LxWxAP) with the slight increased parenchymal echogenicity. There is an
anechoic avascular cystic structure in the parapelvic region measuring 2.1
cm in its widest diameter. The pelvocalyceal system is not dilated.
The urinary bladder is physiologically distended showing smooth contour and
outline. No evident lithiasis seen. The wall is not thickened. An intravesical
foley catheter balloon is noted.
There are anechoic fluid collections in the hepatorenal and splenorenal
spaces.
Impression:
Diffuse renal parenchymal disease with cysts, bilateral

Minimal ascites

HEMATOLOGY TEST
Hematology tests analyze red blood cells, white blood cells, and the blood's
clotting ability.
August 31, 2015
Test

Results

Normal values

Clinical Significance

Hemoglob

43

M: 140-170 gm/L

Indicates anemia

in
Hematocri

0.131

F: 120-140 gm/L
M: 0.40-0.50 x 10

Indicates anemia

12

t (%)

/L

F: 0.38-0.48 x 10
12

RBC

0.36

/L
0.45-0.65 %

Count
WBC

4.7

5-10 x 109/L

Indicates viral infection

Count
Neutrophil

0.69

0.25-0.50%

Indicates acute infection

s
Lymphocy

0.22

0.02-0.06%

Indicates infection

tes
Monocytes
Eosinophil

0.04
0.05

0.02-0.04%
0.00-0.01%

Within normal range

Indicates allergic reaction;

s
Platelet

224

150-450 x 109/L

parasitic infection
Within normal range

Count
MCV
MCH

96.0
31.7

80-100 fL
27-31 pg

Within normal range

Indicates macrocytic

320-360 g/L
11.6-14.6 %

anemia
Within normal range
Indicates iron deficiency

MCHC
RDW

330
15.7

Indicates anemia

anemia

September 02, 2015

Test

Results

Normal values

Clinical Significance

Hemoglob

88

M: 140-170 gm/L

Indicates anemia

in
Hematocri

0.155

F: 120-140 gm/L
M: 0.40-0.50 x 10

Indicates anemia

12

t (%)

/L

F: 0.38-0.48 x 10
12

RBC Count

0.56

/L
0.45-0.65 %

WBC Count
Neutrophil

7.7
0.91

5-10 x 109/L
0.25-0.50%

Within normal range

Indicates acute infection

s
Lymphocyte

0.04

0.02-0.06%

Within normal range

s
Monocytes
Eosinophils
Platelet

0.04
0.01
238

0.02-0.04%
0.00-0.01%
150-450 x 109/L

Within normal range

Within normal range
Within normal range

Count
MCV
MCH

94.2
32.5

80-100 fL
27-31 pg

Within normal range

Indicates macrocytic

MCHC
RDW

345
14.7

320-360 g/L
11.6-14.6 %

anemia
Within normal range
Indicates iron deficiency

Within normal range

anemia

September 05, 2015

Test

Results

Normal values

Clinical Significance

Hemoglob

91

M: 140-170 gm/L

Indicates anemia

in

F: 120-140 gm/L

Hematocri

0.264

M: 0.40-0.50 x 10
12

t (%)

Indicates anemia

/L

F: 0.38-0.48 x 10
12

RBC Count

0.61

/L
0.45-0.65 %

WBC Count
Neutrophil

6.1
0.80

5-10 x 109/L
0.25-0.50%

Within normal range

Indicates acute infection

s
Lymphocy

0.13

0.02-0.06%

Indicates acute infection

tes
Monocyte

0.05

0.02-0.04%

Indicates chronic infection,

Within normal range

hemolytic disorders,

Eosinophil

0.02

0.00-0.01%

parasitic infection
Indicates allergic reaction;

s
Platelet

160

150-450 x 109/L

parasitic infection
Within normal range

Count
MCV
MCH

94.0
32.3

80-100 fL
27-31 pg

Within normal range

Indicates macrocytic

320-360 g/L
11.6-14.6 %

anemia
Within normal range
Indicates iron deficiency

MCHC
RDW

344
16.0

anemia

BLOOD CHEMISTRY
Blood chemistry testing is defined simply as identifying the numerous
chemical substances found in the blood. The analysis of these substances
will provide clues to the functioning of the major body systems.
August 27, 2015
Test

Results

Normal values

Clinical Significance

BUN

15.1

3.0-9.2 mmol/L

Indicates impaired kidney

Creatini
ne
Sodium

740.3

63.6-110.5

function
Indicates impaired kidney

128.7

umol/L
135-148 mmol/L

function
Hyponatremia; Indicates
excess fluid accumulation

Potassium
Albumin
Calcium

4.01
27.99
1.40

3.6-5.2 mmol/L
35-50 g/L

in the body
Within normal range
Indicates kidney disease

mmol/L

Shock
Hypocalcemia; Indicates
renal failure

2.10-2.55

September 02, 2015

Test

Results

Normal values

Clinical Significance

BUN

10.8

3.0-9.2 mmol/L

Indicates impaired kidney

549.2

63.6-110.5

function
Indicates impaired kidney

1.97

umol/L
2.10-2.55

132.2

mmol/L
135-148 mmol/L

Creatini
ne
Calcium
Sodium

function
Hypocalcemia; Indicates
renal failure
Hyponatremia; Indicates
excess fluid accumulation

Potassium
Chloride
Magnesiu

4.21
98.2
0.94

3.6-5.2 mmol/L
98-107 mmol/L
0.66-1.07

in
Within
Within
Within

the body
normal range
normal range
normal range

mmol/L

September 06, 2015

Test

Results

Normal values

Clinical Significance

Total

50.1

64-83 g/L

Indicates kidney disease

Protein
Albumin

27

30-50 g/L

Indicates kidney disease;

Globulin

23.1

25-30 g/L

Shock
Indicates kidney disease;

A/G

1.17

1.4-2.5 g/L

BUN

9.7

3.0-9.2 mmol/L

Hemolytic anemia
Overproduction of globulin;
indicates kidney disease
Indicates impaired kidney

Creatini

481.2

63.6-110.5

function
Indicates impaired kidney

ne
Sodium

132.6

umol/L
135-148 mmol/L

function
Hyponatremia; Indicates
excess fluid accumulation

Potassium
Calcium

3.85
2.16

3.6-5.2 mmol/L
2.10-2.55
mmol/L

in the body
Within normal range
Within normal range