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From equation 4.3 it is clear that the density and viscosity are the two physical
properties of pore fluid (or water) which affects the permeability. The
coefficient of permeability is directly proportional to density of water and
inversely proportional to its viscosity. The value of density of water does not
change much with the change in temperature but there is a great variation in
viscosity. The viscosity decreases with increase in temperature and therefore
permeability increase with increase in temperature.
(ii) Size and shape of particles:
Permeability of soil is directly proportional to the square of the particle size as
shown in equation 4.3. This is most significant factor affecting permeability of
soil as they decide the void ratio, size and shape of pores in a soil mass. A
coarse soil has larger pore sizes and here greater K i.e. coefficient of
permeability than the fine grained soils.
(iii) Void ratio of soil:
The marked influence of void ratio on permeability of soil as shown in the
equation 4.3 has been experimentally verified.
K e3 / 1+e
From the above equation it is clear that K is directly proportional to the void
ratio i.e. more the void ratio of soil more will be the permeability. A semi-log
relationship also exists between K and e. A plot of log K (log scale) Vg e
(linear scale) is approximately a straight line both coarse grained and fine
grained soil.