DEVELOPMENT OF BUILDING ENVIRONMENTAL

ASSESSMENT

PROGRAMME OUTCOMES
PO6: enhanced ability to make ethically informed
decision with limited resources, considering
impact on society, environment and economy
PO8:
enhanced
ability
to
apply
managerial
and
entrepreneurial skills in environmental engineering projects
PO9: enhanced ability to establish a leadership role through
a high degree of autonomy with innovation

CO4 : To critically discuss assessment tools and its impact to

environment, social and economic.

LEARNING OUTCOME

Ability to characterize current building phenomena

and measure its impact to environment, social and
economic.
Ability to apply and assess building assessment
tools/system incorporated with principles of green
engineering and propose an appropriate solution.

UNDERGRADUATE FINAL YEAR PROJECT

Chapter 1

Introduction
Problem statement
Propose solution
Objectives
Scope of study

Chapter
1

mediator
Chapter
2

Chapter 2

Literature review

Chapter 3

Methodology

Chapter 4

Result and discussion

Chapter 5

Conclusions and
recommendations

Chapter
3

Chapter 4
Chapter 5

LEARNING OUTCOME

Ability to characterize current building phenomena

and measure its impact to environment, social and
economic.
Ability to apply and assess building assessment
tools/system incorporated with principles of green
engineering and propose an appropriate solution.

NEW ERA
BUILDINGS

Petronas Twin Towers, Malaysia

Esplanade, Singapore

OLD BUILDINGS

Post office Malaysia

Old building new Central

Market, Kuala Lumpur

QUESTIONS
Why we need to do building environmental
assessment?
How to do it?
Who responsible for this work?
What is the significant of development of building
environmental assessment?

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
Sustainability and Environmental Assessment

3. SUSTAINABILITY CONCEPT 2 (Built Environment Scholar)

Concept Definition- (Khamidi, 1997)-

Sustainable design recognizes;

The interdependence of the built and natural environments; it seeks to

harness natural energy flows and biological processes, eliminate reliance
on fossil fuels and toxic materials, and improve resources and efficiency.

In the short run, the impact of these changes will reduce the
environmental impact of our designs. In the long run, the goal is to create
buildings that are not only not harmful but actually part of natural systems
and restorative of those systems.

Sustainable design is concerned with the quality of our environment as a

whole system.

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
Sustainability and Environmental Assessment

3. SUSTAINABILITY CONCEPT 3 (Government Policy)

Issues - (Razak, 2009; KETTHA, 2009)

Background:
Malaysia today is
facing two of the worlds
most pressing issues,
namely climate change
and energy security
(Prime
Minister
Malaysia,
2009;2010). disseminate

OUR RESPONSE: COP15 2009 has seen that Malaysia pledged to

reduce up to 40% in terms of emissions intensity of GDP by the year
2020 compared to 2005 levels (Prime Minister Malaysia, 2009).

Why we need building environmental

assessment?

BUILDING ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT

Why it is important?

Buildings are the single largest consumer of energy

produced by fossil fuel power plants, therefore the
biggest contributor to the carbon emissions
For example, in U.S., buildings account for 74% of
electrical consumption, 39% of total energy use, 40%
raw material use, and 30% waste output
Inefficient building trigger variable operating
expenses (e.g., energy use, maintenance issues, and
cost to change (e.g., material, additional facilities,
and etc)

PROBLEMS RELATED TO BUILDING

CO2
emission

Limited land
in city area

Air conditioning
Concrete

Health
problem

Land
use

Air circulation
Indoor Toxic
gases

Building

Electrical supply
Water supply
Additional facilities
in building

energy

Waste

Production of waste
during construction
Waste management

Solutions

Sustainability design of building

must address :
Social aspects of welfare, health, safety and comfort
Functional and economic aspects of use incorporating
flexibility
Technical aspects of serviceability, durability and
reliability
Ecological aspects of biodiversity and resource depletion
plus air, water, and soil pollution

Management of sustainability issues requires built environment

professionals to work through increasing complex problems while
instigating new systems/ideas to overcome difficulties in
gathering, analyzing and verifying KNOWLEDGE

BUILT ENVIRONMENTAL
SUSTAINABILITY

Overview
1. Forces propelling change
2. Introduction to high performance buildings
3. The USGBC LEED Building Assessment Standard
4. Connection of technology and high performance
5.Green buildings
6. Key energy technologies
7. Building hydrologic cycle systems
8. Materials innovations
9. Indoor environmental quality strategies
10.Design for Deconstruction and Disassembly (DfDD)

HISTORY OF BUILDING ENVIRONMENT ASSESSMENT

BREEM = Building Research Establishment Environmental
Assessment Method (1990)
Others env. Assessment methods :

1.
2.

3.
4.
5.
6.

BREEM-UK,
LEED-US,
TGBRS-India,
CASBEE-Japan,
NABERS
USGS-LEED

Design criteria + Environmental consideration

BUILDING ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT

Green Building Practice
(e.g., in door park, less
energy consumption, rain
water harvesting system)

BREEM

Enable building performance

(for public transport transit stop
(e.g., KLCC and KL sentral))

RE-shapping the design

process
(cost, material, time
constrain)

Sustainability concern
environmental + social + economic

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
Sustainability and Environmental Assessment

3. SUSTAINABILITY CONCEPT 6 (Authority)

Low Carbon Green Building- (SEDA, 2012)

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
Sustainability and Environmental Assessment

3. SUSTAINABILITY CONCEPT 5 (GL Organizations)

CIDB GreenPASS Assessment Structure- 2012

% of CO2e Reduction

1 to <
10

10 to <
30

+
1 to <
10

30 to <
50

30 to <
50

50 to <
70

100% Carbon
Neutral

70 to <
100

+
10 to <
30

50 to <
70

+
70 to <
100

+
100% Carbon
Neutral

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
Sustainability and Environmental Assessment

3. SUSTAINABILITY CONCEPT 4 (Law & Legislations)

Established Initiatives (1967-2012)
No

Green Initiative Establishment

Organization

Year

Guidelines
1

Energy Efficiency & Conservation Guidelines for Malaysian Industries

MEGTW / KETTHA, MGTC, and UNDP-GEF

2007

Design Strategies for Energy Efficiency in New Buildings (Non-Domestic)

MEGTW / KETTHA, DANIDA, MPWD / JKR

2004

Guidelines for Conducting Energy Audits in Commercial Buildings

MEGTW / KETTHA and MGTC

2004

Malaysia Industrial Energy Audit Guidelines

MEGTW / KETTHA, MGTC, and UNDP-GEF

2003

MS1525 : 2001-Code of Practice Use of Energy Efficiency and renewable Energy for NonResidential Buildings

SIRIM

EE in Buildings Guidelines

Ministry of Energy, Telecommunications &

Post

1989

2001 and 2007

Energy Management Program

1

Feed-In Tariff

Energy Commission

2011

ASEAN Energy Management Scheme

MGTC

2011

Energy Audit Government buildings

MEGTW / KETTHA

2001

2009

Government Policy
1

The National Green Technology Policy

MEGTW / KETTHA

Energy Policy-based on 1974 Petroleum Development Act, 1975 National Petroleum Policy,
1980 National Depletion Policy, 1990 Electricity Supply Act, 1993 Gas Supply Acts, 1994
Electricity Regulations, 1997 Gas Supply Regulation and the 2001 Energy Commission
Act.

MEGTW / KETTHA, Energy Commission, and

MGTC

Varies

Green Building Scheme

1

Green Building Index

GBI Sdn Bhd (PAM & ACEM)

2009

National Clean Development Mechanism Project

UNFCCC

2008-2012

55 energy projects were registered with CDM EB and 5 energy projects has issued CERs

PGEO Energy SB, Felda Palm Industries SB,

LDEO Energy SB, SEO Energy SB, and
LAFARGE S.A.

2006-2010

MULTI-FUNCTION-BUILDING PETRONAS TWIN

TOWER

Transportation

Recreation park

Shopping Complex

Sustainability dimension including ecological

footprint

LIFE CYCLE ANALYSIS

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT : LCA ANALYSIS TO REDUCE

EMISSION OF CO2 AND TO ENHANCE ENERGY EFFICIENCY

LCA : CARBON FOR PRINT CALCULATION

LCA ANALYSIS : VARIOUS EXTERIOR WALL

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
Sustainability and Environmental Assessment

4. DOES GREEN BUILDING MAKE DOLLAR AND SENSE?

CASE STUDY
Green Energy Office (GEO) MGTC Malaysia
Table 1 GEO building reduces 70 percent of energy consumption compared to
conventional building.

Description

Energy Index

Energy Consumption

A. Conventional building

220 kWh / m2 / year

698,500 kWh / year

B. GEO building

65 kWh / m2/ year

206,375 kWh / year

(Savings= A-B)

155 kWh / m2 / year

492,125 kWh / year

Percentage savings

70.5%
Source: MGTC, 2010.

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
Sustainability and Environmental Assessment

4. DOES GREEN BUILDING MAKE DOLLAR AND SENSE?

CASE STUDY
Low Energy Office (LEO)-KETTHA Malaysia
Table 9 LEO building yields more than 50 percent operational cost saving on energy
compared to conventional building.

Description (based on a/c area of

19,200m2)

Energy Cost (RM/year)

Cooling
Energy

Electrical
Energy

A. Conventional
building

275 kWh / m2 /
year

478, 000

620, 000

1, 099,
000

B. LEO building

114 kWh / m2/ year

156, 000

338, 000

493, 000

(Savings= A-B)

161 kWh / m2 /
year

322, 000

282, 000

604, 000

Percentage savings

60 %

67.4 %

45.5 %

55.1 %

Total

Source: Tick & Shing 2010

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
Sustainability and Environmental Assessment

3. SUSTAINABILITY CONCEPT 6 (Authority)

Low Carbon Green Building- (SEDA, 2012)

12 PRINCIPLES OF GREEN ENGINEERING

Green engineering focuses on how to achieve sustainability through
science and technology
It provides a framework for scientist and engineers to engage in when
designing new materials, products, processes, and systems that are benign
to human health and the environment.

1.
2.

Based on 2 fundamental concepts

Life cycle consideration
1st principles of green engineering

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
Sustainability and Environmental Assessment

ENVIRONMENTAL MEASUREMENT

Environmental Measurement as a paradigm shift

Waste
Management
(Focus on waste
handling)

Environment
Management
(Focus on
management)

Pollution Management
(Focus on organization)

Life Cycle Management

(Focus on product)

GREEN ENGINEERING

SOME IMPORTANCE ISSUES

To
what
extend
Life
Cycle
Analysis
(sustainability assessment) could be integral to
building environmental assessment?
How are assessment tools viewed by various
stakeholders in the building industry (profit vs.
building env. sustanability)

NATURAL DISASTER AND BUILDING

SAFER STRUCTURES

Major natural disaster around the world

Earthquakes
Tsunami
Flood

Natural disaster could damage or destroyed

numerous buildings, bridges, and other structures.
By monitoring how structures respond to this natural
disaster, and applying the knowledge gained,
scientists and engineers are improving the ability of
structures to survive major earthquakes. Many lives
and millions of dollars have already been saved by
this ongoing research.

THANK YOU