THREE PORT BIDIRECTIONAL CONVERTER TO INTERFACE RENEWABLE

ENERGY SOURCES
K.SUDHEER

N.MANOJ KUMAR

Assistant Professor
Sudheerk_115@inbox.com

Assistant Professor
manojkumar.neela@gmail.com

P.PRADEEP KUMAR
Researcher
pradeepp226@gmail.com

Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering

NBKR INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY,VIDYANAGAR,VAKADU.

alone renewable power system, where several dcdc converters are conventionally employed with
the drawback of high cost and low efficiency due
to multiple-stage conversion. To better interface
the renewable source, storage elements and load,
an integrated three-port full bridge converter

Abstract:
A systematic approach to generate three port
full bridge converters(TPFBCS) interfacing a
renewable source,a storage battery and a load
is proposed for a stand-alone renewable power
system application.Allowing dc bias current in
the transformer,the primary circuit of a half
bridge converter can function in such a way
that a power flow path can be configured
between
the
renewable
source
and
battery,which is connected in parallel with one
of the dividing capacitors.To make voltage on
any two of the three ports independently
regulated,a synchronous regulation with
various implementations are proposed.As a
result,a family of TPFBCS with merits of
simple topologies and control,reduced number
of devices and single stage power conversion
between any two of the three ports is
presented.A TPFBC with a synchronous
regulation is thus presented to validate the
above operation and theories.

(TPFBC) employing an embedded control system

for automatic operation control could be a good
candidate.A comparison between the two
solutions has been given which indicates the
integrated TPFBC has advantages of higher
system efficiency, lower cost, faster response and
compact packaging with centralized control.[1]
Due to their remarkable merits, this concept can
be implemented for various applications such as
hybrid electric vehicles, fuel-cell systems,
automobiles and hybrid energy storage systems.
Many technologies proposed till date offer a
multiport interface. Among them, a simple
method is to interface several converter stages to
a common dc bus. And it is not an integrated
converter since only very few devices are shared.
Some integrated three port converters are
configured from half-bridge or full-bridge
topology with magnetic coupling via a high
frequency transformer. However, these converters
utilize a lot of switches, resulting in complicated
driving and control circuitry, and may degrade
the performance of integrated converters.[2]

Keywords: Full-bridge converter, three-port

converter, topology, renewable power system.
I. Introduction
Renewable energy sources such as solar, tide and
wind are intermittent in nature and fuel-cell
system features a slow and transient response.To
smoothly supply loads, storage elements such as
battery or super capacitor, functioning as an
energy buffer, are usually required in a stand-1-

This paper thus provides the idea of using

multiport interated TPFBCS with a high
frequency transformer which would result in
lesser number of switching devices, reduction in
size and higher efficiency. New Proposed
Method:

III.

Proposed circuit

An integrated TPFBC based buck converter is

used to reduce the conversion stages with the use
of a high frequency ac link giving the circuit
bidirectional properties of step-up and step-down
operations. A multi-winding transformer is used
in a single core thus reducing complexity of the
system.

Changing the phase shift inverter as PWM

inverter.
Elimination of series resonance.
Designing hardware for motor load
instead of resistive load.
Advantages due to above changes:
Harmonic reduction
Soft switching
Transformer size has been reduced.
II.

Conventional circuit

A one port boost converter is used to increase the

efficiency of the converter and so the output
voltage is not controlled. Transformer ratio
increases its size and high switching loss prevails
which leads to higher cost and lack of
compactness of the structure, thus, making way
for a new system with advantages over this one to
be proposed and formulated.

IV.

Block diagram

The three port block diagram of the proposed

system is shown in the following figure with the
ports being solar panel and batteries.

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oscillator disabling all other chip functions until

the next hardware reset.
VII.

V.

In this project, a three-port bidirectional seriesresonant converter is proposed with the following
features:
All ports are bidirectional, including the
load port for applications, such as motor
loads with regenerative braking.
Centralized control of power flow by
phase shifting the square wave outputs of
the three bridges.
Higher switching frequencies with
realizable component values when
compared to three-port circuits with only
inductors.
Reduced switching losses due to softswitching operation and voltage gain
increased by more than two times due to
the phase-shifting between input and
output bridges as opposed to a diode
bridge at the load side.

Simulation

Electronic circuit design requires accurate

methods for evaluating circuits performance..
SPICE is a general-purpose circuit program that
stimulates electronic circuits. SPICE can perform
various analyses of electronic circuits. Orcad 9.2
software is being used for simulation purposes of
this concept.
VI.

Hardware control

A centralized control using embedded system

control based on 89C51 microcontroller is used
thus, giving the system automatic operation. The
microcontroller used is illustrated in the
following figure.

In this project, a three-port series resonant

converter is introduced to interface renewable
energy sources and the load, along with energy
storage. It was proven by analysis and
experimental results that power flow between
ports can be controlled by series resonance and
phase-shifting the square wave outputs of the
three active bridges. The converter has
bidirectional power flow and soft-switching
operation capabilities in all ports. Dynamic model
and controller design is presented for centralized
control of the three-port converter. A design
procedure with normalized variables, which can
be used for various power and port voltage levels,
is presented.

31
9

P3.0/R XD
P3.1/TXD
P3.2/IN T0
P3.3/IN T1
P3.4/T0
P3.5/T1
P3.6/W R
P3.7/R D

XTAL1
XTAL2

EA/VPP
R ST

ALE/ PR OG
PSEN

21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
30
29

GND

19
18

P1.0
P1.1
P1.2
P1.3
P1.4
P1.5
P1.6
P1.7

P2.0/A8
P2.1/A9
P2.2/A10
P2.3/A11
P2.4/A12
P2.5/A13
P2.6/A14
P2.7/A15

20

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

P0.0/AD 0
P0.1/AD 1
P0.2/AD 2
P0.3/AD 3
P0.4/AD 4
P0.5/AD 5
P0.6/AD 6
P0.7/AD 7

VCC

40

The
AT89C51
provides
the
following standard
features: 4K bytes
of Flash, 128 bytes
of RAM, 32 I/O
lines, two 16-bit
timer/counters, five
vector
two-level
interrupt
architecture, a full duplex serial port, on-chip
oscillator and clock circuitry. In addition, the
AT89C51 is designed with static logic for
operation down to zero frequency and supports
two software selectable power saving modes. The
Idle Mode stops the CPU while allowing the
RAM, timer/counters, serial port and interrupt
system to continue functioning. The Power-down
Mode saves the RAM contents but freezes the
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32

Conclusion

AT89C 51

IX.

References

[1] Honfei Wu,Runruo Chen, Junjun Zhang, Yan

Zing and Haibing Hu A family of three-port
half-bridge converters for a stand-alone
renewable power system IEEE Transactions on
power electronics,Vol.26,No.9, September 2011.
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[2] Hariharan Krishnaswamy and Ned Mohan

Three-port series resonant DC-DC converter to
interface renewable energy sources with
bidirectional load and energy storage ports IEEE
Transactions on power electronics, Vol.24,
No.10, October 2009.
[3] Lizhi Zhu, A novel soft-commutating
isolated boost full-bridge ZVS-PWM DC-Dc
converter for bi-directional high power
applications. IEEE Trans. Power Electronics.
Vol.21, no. 2, pp.422-429, Mar.2006.

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