International Journal of Scientific Research Engineering & Technology (IJSRET), ISSN 2278 0882

Volume 4, Issue11, November 2015

GENERALIZATION OF GROWTH ESTIMATES OF ENTIRE

FUNCTIONS OF SEVERAL COMPLEX VARIABLE BASED ON
RELATIVE L -ORDER
pth

BalRam Prajapati
Department of Mathematics and Astronomy university of Lucknow,
Lucknow, India
Anupma Rastogi
Department of Mathematics and Astronomy university of Lucknow,
Lucknow, India

Abstract
th

We introduce the generalized n variables based p relative L-order and the generalized n complex variables based on
p th relative L-lower order for function of n complex variables.

Key words: Entire function, L-order, L-lower order, L -order, L -lower order, Property(R).

I.

Introduction

Let f and g be two entire functions and F (r ) max{| f ( z ) |:| z | r} ,

G(r ) max{| g ( z ) |:| z | r}. If f is non constant then F (r ) is strictly increasing
and continuos, and its inverse F 1 : (| f (0) |, ) (0, ) exists
and is such that lim r F 1 ( r ) . Bernal [1] introduced the definition
of relative order of f with respect to g denoted as follows:

g ( f ) { 0 : F (r ) G (r ) for all r r0 }
lim sup
r

log G 1 F (r )
log r

similarly, one may define g ( f ) the relative lower order of f with respect to g with

g ( z) exp z, the definition

coincides with classical on ([3],[4])

analogously

g ( f ) lim inf
r

log G 1 F ( r )
log r

extending the notion of single variables to several variables, and following (growth analysis of function analytic in the
unit poly disc 2014) let f ( z1 , z 2 ,...., z n ) be a non constant entire function of n complex variables z1 , z 2 ,...., z n .
Note: Notation are defined in this paper

vn

Lf Lf (r1 , r2 ,....,rn ).

Definition 1: (see all definition in [2]) The L- order

vn

Lf and the lower order

vn

Lf of an entire function f of n

complex variables are defined as

vn

L
f

lim

sup

lim

inf

r1 , r2 ,...., rn

log [ 2] M f (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )

log[(r1 , r2 ,...,rn ) L(r1 , r2 ,...,rn )]

and
vn

where log

[ 2]

x log(log

[ 2 1]

Lf

r1 , r2 ,...., rn

x) and log

[0]

log [ 2] M f (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )

log[(r1 , r2 ,...,rn ) L(r1 , r2 ,...,rn )]

x x.
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International Journal of Scientific Research Engineering & Technology (IJSRET), ISSN 2278 0882
Volume 4, Issue11, November 2015

Definition 2: If f is meromorphic then

vn

vn

Lf

L
f

lim

sup

lim

inf

r1 , r2 ,...., rn

log [ 2] T f (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )

log[(r1 , r2 ,...,rn ) L(r1 , r2 ,...,rn )]

and

Definition 3: The L-type

vn

vn

Lf

log[(r1 , r2 ,...,rn ) L(r1 , r2 ,...,rn )]

Lf of entire functions f L-order

lim

L
f

Definition 4: The relative L-p

variables are defined as follows:

L
f

vn

vn

Lf

, 0 vn Lf

becomes

lim

Lf of n complex variables are denoted by

log[( r1 , r2 ,..., rn ) L(r1 , r2 ,..., rn )]

r1 , r2 ,..., rn

th

vn

log [ 2 ] M f (r1 , r2 ,... rn )

sup

r1 , r2 ,...., rn

For meromorphic f , the L-type

vn

r1 , r2 ,...., rn

log [ 2] T f (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )

log [ 2] T f (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )

sup

log[(r1 , r2 ,...,rn ) L(r1 , r2 ,...,rn )]

order and relative L-p

[f p ]

lim

r1 , r2 ,...., rn

sup

th

lower order

vn

Lf

, 0 vn Lf .

of an entire function f of n complex

log [ p ] T f (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )

log[(r1 , r2 ,...,rn ) L(r1 , r2 ,...,rn )]

and
L

vn

[ p]
f

Definition 5: The L -order , the L

defined as follows:

lim

r1 , r2 ,...., rn

log[(r1 , r2 ,...,rn ) L(r1 , r2 ,...,rn )]

-lower order and L

vn

sup

log [ p ] T f (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )

Lf

lim

r1 , r2 ,...., rn

sup

-type of a meromorphic functions f of n complex variable

log T f (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )

log[(r1 , r2 ,...,rn )e L ( r1 , r2 ,..., rn ) ]

and

vn

Definition 6: The L
follows

Lf

lim

r1 , r2 ,...., rn

th

-p -order , the L
L

vn

log T f (r1 , r2 ,..., rn )

sup

[f p ]

log[( r1 , r2 ,..., rn )e L ( r1 , r2 ,..., rn ) ]

-p

th

L
vn f

, 0 vn Lf .

lower order of entire functions f of n complex variable defined as

lim

r1 , r2 ,...., rn

sup

log [ p ] T f (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )

log[(r1 , r2 ,...,rn )e L ( r1 , r2 ,..., rn ) ]

and
L

vn

[ p]
f

lim

r1 , r2 ,..., rn

sup

log [ p ] T f (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )

log[(r1 , r2 ,...,rn )e L ( r1 , r2 ,..., rn ) ]
th

in this paper we establish some results on the growth properties of entire functions on the basis of relative L-p order and
relative L-p th order where p is an integer.

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International Journal of Scientific Research Engineering & Technology (IJSRET), ISSN 2278 0882
Volume 4, Issue11, November 2015

Theorems
In this section we present the main results of the paper.
Theorem 1: Let f, g and h be three entire functions such that
0 [vpn]Lf [vpn] Lf and 0 [vpn] hL [vpn] hL then
[ p]

vn
[ p]

vn

Lf
hL

lim

r1 , r2 ,..., rn

lim

r1 , r2 ,..., rn

sup

inf

log [ p ] M g1 M f (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )

log [ p ] M g1 M h (r1 , r2 ,....,rn )

log [ p ] M g1 M f (r1 , r2 ,....,rn )

log [ p ] M g1 M h (r1 , r2 ,....,rn )

[ p]

vn
[ p]

vn

[ p]

Lf
hL

vn
[ p]

vn

Lf
hL

Proof: From the definition of L-relative order and relative L- lower order we have for arbitrary positive and for all
large values of r 1 , r 2 , . . . , r n

log

[ p]

log

[ p] L

M g M f ( r1 , r2 ,..., rn ) ( v f ) log[(r1 , r2 ,.., rn ) L ( r1 , r2 ,...., rn )]

n

[ p]

[ p]

(1)

M g M h ( r1 , r2 ,..., rn ) ( v f ) log[(r1 , r2 ,.., rn ) L ( r1 , r2 ,...., rn )]

n

(2)

now from (1) & (2) it follows for all large values of r1 , r2 ,..., rn

log [ p ] M g1 M f (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )

log [ p ] M g1 M h (r1 , r2 ,....,rn )

[ p]

vn
[ p]

vn

Lf
hL

as 0 is arbitrary, we obtain that

log [ p ] M g1 M f (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )

lim

r1 , r2 ,..., rn

log [ p ] M g1 M h (r1 , r2 ,....,rn )

[ p]

vn
[ p]

vn

Lf

(3)

hL

again for a sequence of values of r1 , r2 ,..., rn tending to infinity

log

[ p]

[ p] L

M g M f ( r1 , r2 ,..., rn ) ( v f ) log[(r1 , r2 ,.., rn )

(4)

and for all large values of r1 , r2 ,..., rn

log

[ p]

[ p] L

M g M h ( r1 , r2 ,..., rn ) ( v f ) log[(r1 , r2 ,.., rn )

(5)

So combining (4) and (5) we get

lim

r1 , r2 ,..., rn

log [ p ] M g1 M f (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )

log [ p ] M g1 M h (r1 , r2 ,....,rn )

[ p]

vn
[ p]

vn

Lf
hL

Since 0 is arbitrary it follows that also for sequence of values of r1 , r2 ,..., rn tending to infinity,

log [ p ] M g1 M f (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )

lim

r1 , r2 ,...,rn

log

[ p]

log [ p ] M g1 M h (r1 , r2 ,....,rn )

[ p]

vn
[ p]

vn

Lf

(6)

hL

[ p] L

M g M f ( r1 , r2 ,..., rn ) ( v f ) log( r1 , r2 ,.., rn )

(7)

Now from (1) and (7) we obtain for a sequence of values of r1 , r2 ,..., rn tending to infinity,

log [ p ] M g1 M f (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )

log [ p ] M g1 M h (r1 , r2 ,....,rn )

[ p]

vn
[ p]

vn

Lf
hL

choosing 0 we get from above that also for all large values of r1 , r2 ,..., rn
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International Journal of Scientific Research Engineering & Technology (IJSRET), ISSN 2278 0882
Volume 4, Issue11, November 2015

lim

r1 , r2 ,..., rn

log

[ p]

sup

log [ p ] M g1 M f (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )

[ p]

log [ p ] M g1 M h (r1 , r2 ,....,rn )

[ p]

vn
[ p]

vn

Lf
hL

(8)

M g M f ( r1 , r2 ,..., rn ) ( v f ) log( r1 , r2 ,.., rn )

(9)

so from (5) and (9) it follows for all large values of r1 , r2 ,..., rn

lim

r1 , r2 ,...,rn

sup

log [ p ] M g1 M f (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )

[ p]

log [ p ] M g1 M h (r1 , r2 ,....,rn )

vn
[ p]

vn

Lf
hL

(10)

Lf
hL

(11)

as 0 is arbitrary we obtain

lim

r1 , r2 ,...,rn

sup

log [ p ] M g1 M f (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )

[ p]

log [ p ] M g1 M h (r1 , r2 ,....,rn )

vn
[ p]

vn

Thus the theorem follows from (3), (6),(8) and (11) the following theorem can be proved in the line of theorem 1 and so
the proof is omitted.
Theorem 2: Let f, g and h be three entire functions such that
0 [vpn]Lf [vpn] Lf and

0 [vpn] hL [vpn] hL then

lim

r1 , r2 ,...,rn

sup

[ p]
vn

Lf

[ p]
vn

hL

lim

r1 , r2 ,...,rn

inf

log [ p ] M g1 M f (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )

log [ p ] M g1 M h (r1 , r2 ,....,rn )

log [ p ] M g1 M f ( r1 , r2 ,...,rn )
log [ p ] M g1 M h ( r1 , r2 ,....,rn )

[ p]

vn
[ p]

vn

[ p]

vn
[ p]

vn

Lf
hL

Lf
.
hL

using the more generalized concept of relative L-order (relative L-lower order) and relative L*-order(relative L*-lower
order) of an entire functions of n complex variable with respect to another entire function we may state the following
theorem without proof.

0 [vpn]Lf*

Theorem 3: Let f, g and h be three entire functions such that

0 vn vn
[ p]

L*
h

lim

r1 , r2 ,...,rn

[ p]

sup

L*
h

then

[ p]
vn

Lf*

[ p]
vn

hL*

lim

r1 , r2 ,...,rn

log [ p ] M g1 M f (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )

[ p]

log [ p ] M g1 M h (r1 , r2 ,....,rn )

vn
[ p]

vn

inf

[ p]

vn

Lf* and

log [ p ] M g1 M f (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )

log [ p ] M g1 M h (r1 , r2 ,....,rn )

[ p]

vn
[ p]

vn

Lf*
hL*

Lf*
..
hL*

Theorem 4: Let f, g and h be three entire functions such that

[ p] L
vn f

[ p]

vn

then lim inf

rn , r2 ,...,rn

Lf

and 0

[ p]

vn

hL

log [ p ] M g1 M f (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )

log [ p ] M g1 M h (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )

[ p]
vn

Lf

[ p]
vn

hL

lim

r1 , r2 ,...,rn

sup

log [ p ] M g1 M f (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )

log [ p ] M g1 M h (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )

Proof: From definition of relative L order we get for a sequence of values of r1 , r2 ,..., rn tending
log

[ p]

.
to infinity

[ p] L

M g M h ( r1 , r2 ,..., rn ) ( v f ) log( r1 , r2 ,.., rn ) .

(12)

From (9) and (12) it follows for a sequence of values of r1 , r2 ,..., rn tending to infinity,

log [ p ] M g1 M f (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )

log [ p ] M g1 M h (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )

[ p]
vn

Lf

[ p]
vn

hL

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International Journal of Scientific Research Engineering & Technology (IJSRET), ISSN 2278 0882
Volume 4, Issue11, November 2015

log [ p ] M g1 M f (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )

log [ p ] M g1 M h (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )

[ p]
vn

Lf

[ p]
vn

hL

(13)

Again for a sequence of values of r1 , r2 ,..., rn tending to infinity,

log

[ p]

[ p]

M g M f ( r1 , r2 ,..., rn ) ( v f ) log( r1 , r2 ,.., rn )

(14)

so combining (2) and (14) we get for sequence

log [ p ] M g1 M f (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )

log [ p ] M g1 M h (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )
log [ p ] M g1 M f (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )
log [ p ] M g1 M h (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )

[ p]
vn

Lf

[ p]
vn

hL

[ p]
vn

Lf

[ p]
vn

hL

(15)

since 0 is arbitrary thus the theorem follows (13) and (15)

The following two theorems can be carried out in the line of theorem 4 and therefore we omitted their proofs.
Theorem 5: Let f, g and h be three entire functions such that

Lf* and

[ p ] L* [ p ]
vn f
vn

lim inf

rn , r2 ,...,rn

[ p]

vn

hL*

log [ p ] M g1 M f (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )

log [ p ] M g1 M h (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )

[ p]
vn

Lf*

[ p]
vn

hL*

then

lim

r1 , r2 ,...,rn

sup

log [ p ] M g1 M f (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )

log [ p ] M g1 M h (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )

The following theorem is a natural consequence of theorem 1 and theorem 4.

Theorem 6: Let f, g and h be three entire functions such that

[vp] Lf and

[ p] L
vn f

v hL

[ p] L
vn h

[ p]
n

then

[ p] L
[ p] L
[ p] L
[ p] L

vn f vn f

vn f vn f

lim inf
min [ p ] L , [ p ] L max [ p ] L , [ p ] L
[
p
]

1
rn , r2 ,...,rn
log M g M h (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )

v n h vn h

vn h vn h

[ p]
1
log M g M f (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )
lim sup [ p ] 1
.
r1 , r2 ,...,rn
log M g M h (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )

log [ p ] M g1 M f (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )

the proof is omitted.

The following theorems without proof.
Theorem 7: Let f, g and h be three entire functions such that

Lf* and

[ p ] L* [ p ]
vn f
vn

v hL*

[ p ] L*
vn h

[ p]
n

then

[ p ] L* [ p ] L*
[ p ] L* [ p ] L*

vn f vn f

vn f vn f

lim inf
min [ p ] L* , [ p ] L* max [ p ] L* , [ p ] L*
[
p
]

1
rn , r2 ,...,rn
log M g M h (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )

vn h vn h

vn h vn h

log [ p ] M g1 M f (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )

lim sup
.
r1 , r2 ,...,rn
log [ p ] M g1 M h (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )

log [ p ] M g1 M f (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )

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International Journal of Scientific Research Engineering & Technology (IJSRET), ISSN 2278 0882
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we may now state the following theorems without proof based on relative hyper order, relative L-hyper order and relative
L*-hyper order of an entire function with respect to another entire function of n complex variables.
Theorem 8: Let f, g and h be three entire functions such that

[ p]
vn

[ p]

f vn f and 0

[ p]
vn

h v h
[ p]
n

then

[ vp ] Lf
lim inf
[ pn] L
[ p]
L
[ p]
1
rn , r2 ,...,rn
log M g M h (r1 , r2 ,...,rn ) vn h
vn h
[ p]
vn

log [ p ] M g1 M f (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )

lim

r1 , r2 ,...,rn

sup

log [ p ] M g1 M f (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )

log [ p ] M g1 M h (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )

[ p]

vn

[ p]
vn

Theorem 9: Let f, g and h be three entire functions such that

[ p]
vn

[ p]

f vn f and 0

[ p]

vn

then

[ p] L
v f
lim inf
[ pn] L
[
p
]

1
rn , r2 ,..., rn
log M g M h (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )
vn h
log [ p ] M g1 M f (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )
lim sup
.
r1 , r2 ,..., rn
log [ p ] M g1 M h (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )
log [ p ] M g1 M f (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )

Theorem 10: Let f, g and h be three entire functions such that

[ p]
vn

[ p]

f vn f and 0

[ p]
vn

h v h
[ p]
n

then

[ p] L [ p] L
[ p] L [ p] L
vn f vn f
v f v f
lim inf
min [ p ] L , [ p ] L max [ pn] L , [ pn] L
[
p
]

1
rn , r2 ,..., rn
log M g M h (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )
vn h vn h
vn h vn h
log [ p ] M g1 M f (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )
lim sup
.
r1 , r2 ,..., rn
log [ p ] M g1 M h (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )
log [ p ] M g1 M f (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )

Theorem 11: Let f, g and h be three entire functions such that

[ p]
vn

[ p]
vn

[ p]

vn

L*

[ p]

L*

f vn f and 0

[ p]
vn

L*

L*

h v h
[ p]
n

then

[ vp ] Lf*
lim inf
[ pn] L*
[ p]
1
rn , r2 ,...,rn
log M g M h (r1 , r2 ,...,rn ) vn h
log [ p ] M g1 M f (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )

L*
L*

lim

r1 , r2 ,...,rn

sup

log [ p ] M g1 M f (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )

log [ p ] M g1 M h (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )

[ p]

L*

vn

[ p]
vn

L*

Theorem 12: Let f, g and h be three entire functions such that

[ p]
vn

L*

[ p]

L*

f vn f and 0

[ p]

vn

L*

then

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International Journal of Scientific Research Engineering & Technology (IJSRET), ISSN 2278 0882
Volume 4, Issue11, November 2015

[ p ] L*
v f
lim inf
[ pn] L*
[ p]
1
rn , r2 ,..., rn
log M g M h (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )
vn h
[ p]
1
log M g M f (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )
lim sup
.
r1 , r2 ,..., rn
log [ p ] M g1 M h (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )
log [ p ] M g1 M f (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )

Theorem 13: : Let f, g and h be three entire functions such that

[ p]
vn

L*

[ p]

L*

f vn f and 0

[ p]
vn

L*

L*

h v h
[ p]
n

then

[ p ] L * [ p ] L*
[ p ] L* [ p ] L *
vn f vn f
v f v f
lim inf
min [ p ] L* , [ p ] L* max [ pn] L* , [ pn] L*
[ p]
1
rn , r2 ,..., rn
log M g M h (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )
vn h vn h
vn h vn h
log [ p ] M g1 M f (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )
lim sup
.
r1 , r2 ,..., rn
log [ p ] M g1 M h (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )
log [ p ] M g1 M f (r1 , r2 ,...,rn )

References
1. Bernal, L., Orden relativo de cremiento de fuctiones enteras, Collect.Math. 39(1988), 209 229 .
2. Kumar,A., Generalization of Growth estimates of entire functions based on relative L pth -order international
Journal of Extensive research ISSN; 2394 6301, pp. 7 10
3. Tichmarsh,E.C., The Theory of Functions, 2nd ed.Oxford University Press, Oxford (1968) .
4. Somasundaram D., Thamizharasi R., A note on the entire functions of L-bounded index and L-type, Indian J.Pure,
Appl.Math., 19 , No. 3 (March 1988 ), 284 293 .
5. Valiron G., Lectures on the General Theory of Integral Functions, Chelsea Publising Company (1949).

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