Appendix

| C9 |

Estimation of HSP for Soil Mixtures

A. REASONS FOR DETERMINATION

OF HSP BY SOLUBILITY EXPERIMENTS
The purpose of Appendices C2, C3, and C4, and the extensive
information supporting them, is more than just to provide
a scientic, technological, or historical reference. Rather it is
to show how one should/could/might manage a solvent
cleaning process by use of proven science to select a cleaning
solvent (or mixture of solvents) rather than ask a supplier for
a recommendation.
Use of science and technology is particularly important
in cleaning work, where the primary (and often solitary)
characteristic known about soils is their colordusually
black. A secondary known characteristic about soils is that
the amount of them that is present is changing, and usually
in an uncontrolled way.
But the most important characteristic about soils is not
usually known: their composition. Given a trial soil
composition, however, one can estimate the HSP of a soil
mixture. This will enable a selection of cleaning solvents, as
shown in Chapter 3.
This selection will not provide information about what
action to take when the soil composition changes without
notice and the cleaning system performs out of limits. Only
a method of relating soil solubility to solvent choice can
provide that guidance.
Those who fail to use science and technology place the
control and success of their enterprise at the mercy of
factors they don't understand or control, and in the hands
of persons with other missions.

B. METHODS FOR SOLVENT

SELECTION WITH HSP VIA
SOLUBILITY EXPERIMENTS
Guidelines for conducting solubility experiments for the
purpose of selecting suitable cleaning solvents by HSP
technology include:

Committing to selecting a number of test solvents, and

mixtures, adequate to support a robust determination
of HSP values. Robust means that both solvents (or
mixtures) expected to be GOOD and those expected
to be BAD are included in the experimental protocol.
A general-purpose, easily obtained, and robust matrix
of solvents is shown in Table C9-1. The matrix contains
20 solvents. None contains a halogen atom. None is
high-priced. All are described in Ref. 3. All can be
obtained in small quantities from a scientic supply
house. One could select any of these solvents for
solvent cleaning operations, if suitable for the soil to be
cleaned, and operate with a reasonable level of SHE
security. A three-dimensional graph of these 20 solvents
is plotted as Figure C9-1. Note how a broad range of
HSP values is covered with a modest number of solvent
candidates. This matrix might be used with most soils
encountered in industrial solvent cleaning problems.

It may be that a chosen commercial solvent is not listed

in Table C9-1. The purpose of this matrix is to bracket or
estimate the HSP values of the current soil mixture; the
solvent to be used can then be selected. The choice of

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