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Negative Voltage Generator

same problem. There are commercially available answers for such problems but they are usually cumbersome, expensive, not rea
Cs ever produced. The parts are plentiful and cheap, two of my hobby criteria for projects; usually they are all part of any electro

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How do you supply a negative voltage to an operational amplifier like LM741 anfd
LF356?
it was mentioned by my senior that i am to supply a negative twelve volts (-12 V) to
the negative supply pin of the OP-Amp LM741 and LF356 (e.g. pin 4) and a positive
voltage supply to the positive pin (e.g pin 7)...the latter i understand, what confuses
me is the "negative voltage supply" part. my senior clearly told me that pin 4 was
not GROUNDED. how am i supposed to supply a negative voltage to an op-amp?

5 years ago

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Marianna

Best Answer - Chosen by Asker

You are missing some basic concept, let me try to explain....
If the operational amplifier has to deal with AC (or audio) signals which go into
"plus" as well as into "minus" compared with a 'Null point" (which you call
"ground"), then your OpAmp has to be able to deal with that by having a voltage
supply that reaches across that "plus-and-minus spectrum" of voltages. That's why
you need +15V on Vcc (pin 7), and -15V on Vee (pin 4). The 0 Volt ("ground") are
certainly not connected to the LM741, they are only your "ground" for the input and
the output signals.

5 years ago

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thanks for the info...it will help me a lot regarding my school project.

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Other Answers (1)

mavis b

The simplest method is to use two batteries in series i.e. -[]+ -[]+ The minus
terminal is your negative voltage and the positive you plus voltage. The +union becomes ground. The problem is finding 12v batteries.
The next option is to build a power supply. You need a transformer, a bridge
rectifier, a filter cap, A +12v regulator and a -12volt regulator. The common
connection of your bridge rectifier becomes the ground. A kit can be bought
here http://www.jameco.com/webapp/wcs/stores/
o

5 years ago

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HOW TO CREATE NEGATIVE VOLTAGES

(USING MAX232 IC)

Why a negative voltage?

It is generally rare to need a negative voltage, but on rare instances you will. Negative
voltages are required for sensors (such as load and torque sensors), PMOS switches,
operational amplifiers (OP-Amps), crazy physics experiments, and more.
What is a negative voltage?
All voltages are measured in a positive or negative direction depending on the 'common'
point from which the voltage is referenced. Voltages are given a positive or negative
designation from an arbitrary circuit point normally called 'ground' or 'common'.
Using a battery as a voltage source, if the negative terminal of the battery is connected to
'common' then the voltages in the circuit will all measure positive from that point of
reference. If the positive terminal of the battery is connected to 'common' then the
voltages in that circuit will all measure negative with reference to the 'common' point.
To an engineer, setting this point of 'commanality' in a circuit sets a point of reference for
all other voltage measurements. This simplifies the description of electron flow in a
circuit.
Creating a Negative Voltage
For example,
If you take two 1.5V DC cells and place them in series with each other the total voltage is

3V. If you go between the centre point and the positive rail it will read +1.5V, now move
the positve connection of your multimeter to the negative side and it will read -1.5V.

But for practical purposes, it is not always feasible to add extra power sources and/or
batteries to create a negative voltage for your application, and so there is a much better
option.
The MAX232 IC
Typically, the very affordable and commonly available MAX232 IC is used for RS232
serial communication protocols. But what you probably didnt know is that this IC also
contains something called a charge pump, an electronic circuit that uses capacitors as
energy storage elements to convert DC voltages into other DC voltages. All you do is
give this IC a 5V power supply, and out comes a negative voltage. This is great if you are
already using a MAX232 IC for your serial communication - and so requires zero new
circuitry!
On the IC, use the 'negative output supply voltage Vs-' pin (pin 6 shown below) for up to
negative 15V and up to 10mA of current. 10mA isnt enough? Stack multiple MAX232
IC's in parallel for increased current capabilities.

MAX232 PinOut
Negative Voltage Regulators
A voltage regulator keeps a voltage at a defined stable value. Just like a voltage regulator
for positive voltages, a negative voltage regulator can hold a negative voltage. Other
information on voltage regulation available.

Other Methods to get Negative Voltages

Check out this forum post on other methods to generate negative voltages for your
circuit:
http://www.societyofrobots.com/robotforum/index.php?topic=2734.0