Fsica 10 de secundaria

Chapter 5
WORK & POWER
WORK
When a force acts on an object and causes it to move through a
distance, energy is transferred and work is done.
Work is done whenever a force moves something.
Work is only done when there is movement against an opposing force.

The amount of work done can be calculated by the equation:

The unit for work is Joules (J). One joule of work is done when a force of 1 Newton
moves an object through a distance of 1 meter.

POWER
Power is a measure of how quickly work is being done and so how quickly energy is
being transferred.
More powerful engines in cars can do work quicker than less powerful ones. As a result
they usually travel faster and cover the same distance in less time but also require more
fuel.
The power is a quantity that relates us work done with the time
taken to do so. (P = W/t)
Power is measured in watts (w) in the SI, work in joules (J) and the
time in seconds (s).
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Profesor: Javier Trigoso T.

Fsica 10 de secundaria

01. The sign of work done by a force on

a body is important to understand.
State carefully if the following
quantities are positive or negative:
I. Work done by a man in lifting a
bucket out of a well by means of
a rope tied to the bucket.
II. Work done by gravitational force
in the above case,
III. Work done by friction on a body
sliding down an inclined plane,
IV. Work done by an applied force
on a body moving on a rough
horizontal plane with uniform
velocity,
V. Work done by the resistive force
of air on a vibrating pendulum in
bringing it to rest.
02. A 10 kg cart is moved 3 m to the
right on a low-friction surface while
you apply a 5 N force as shown. In
which scenario do you do the most
work? (Positive work is greater than
negative work)

Each cart is pushed to the right with

an external net force of 5 N over 3
m. Which cart has the greatest final
speed after moving 3 m?

05. Two 10 kg carts are pushed along a

low friction table with a net force of
5 N over 3 m. One 10 kg cart starts
from rest while the other has an initial
speed of 2 m/s. On which cart is the
most work being done after the carts
move 3 m?

06. A force of 20 Newtons pushing an

object 5 meters in the direction of
the force. How much work is done?
07. How much work is done a force of 12
N moves an object a distance of 5
m?

03. A 10 kg cart and a 20 kg cart start

from rest on a low-friction surface.
Each cart is pulled to the right with
an external net force of 5 N over 3
m. On which cart is the most work
done?

04. A 10 kg cart and a 20 kg cart start

from rest on a frictionless surface.

08. If you use a 40 N force to lift a bag,

and do 20 J of work, how far do you
lift it?
09. A boy on a bicycle drags a wagon
full of newspapers at 0.8 m/s for 30
min using a force of 40 N. How
much work has the boy done?

10. A climber with a mass of 60 kg

invests 30 s to climb a wall of 10 m in
height. Calculate:
A. The weight of the climber
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Profesor: Javier Trigoso T.

Fsica 10 de secundaria

B. The work done in climbing

C. The real power scaling
11. A body of mass 2 kg initially at rest
moves under the action of an
applied horizontal force of 7 N on a
table with force friction 2 N.
Compute the:
A. Work done by the applied force
in 10 s,
B. Work done by friction in 10 s,
C. Work done by the net force on
the body in 10 s
12. Calculate the work done by the
engine lift an attraction up to 1417
kg, which is the mass of the
passenger's elevator, to a height of

01. A deflated hot-air balloon weighs a

total of 8000 N. Filled with hot air, the
balloon rises to a height of 1000 m.
How much work is accomplished by
the hot air?
02. You must exert a force of 4.5 N on a
book to slide it across a table. If you
do 2.7 J of work in the process, how
far have you moved the book?
03. A child pulls a sled up a snowcovered hill. The child does 405 J of
work on the sled. If the child walks 15
m up the hill, how large of a force
must the child exert?
04. How much work is done on a small
car if a 3150 N force is exerted to
move it 75.5 m to the side of the
road?
05. A crate is being lifted into a truck. If it
is moved with a 2470 N force and
3650 J of work is done, then how far
is the crate being lifted?

30 m. What is the power developed

by the engine if it takes 24 s to
climb?
13. An engine performs work 3000 J on
20 s
A. What is the power output?
B. How long would develop the
same work machine 15 W?
14. The engine of a washing machine
has a theoretical capacity of 1500
W. If your return is 70%.
A. What is your real power?
B. How much work will be done if
you have been in operation for
30 min?

06. If 16,700 J of work is done to shoot

the human cannonball down a 3.05
m barrel, then how much force is
applied to the person to fire them
out the cannon?
07. A rope is thrown over a beam, and
one end is tied to a 300 N bundle of
lumber. You pull the free end of the
rope 2 m with a force of 400 N to lift
the lumber off the ground. How
much work have you done?
08. An elephant pushes with 2000 N on a
load of trees. It then pushes these
trees for 150 m. How much work did
the elephant do?
09. A 190,000 W engine can accelerate
from rest to a top speed in 9 s. How
much work did the engine do?
10. How much power does it take to lift
30.0 N 10.0 m high in 5.00 s?
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Profesor: Javier Trigoso T.

Physics 10

11. You do 45 J of work in 3.0 seconds.

How much power do you use?
12. A car uses 2,500 Joules in 25
seconds. Find power.
13. A 60 watt light bulb runs for 5.0
seconds. How much energy does it
use?
14. How much work can a 22 kW car
engine do in 60 s if it is 100%
efficient?
15. Another engine reaches its top
speed from rest in 7.5 s. It is able to
perform 250,000 J of wok in that time.
How much power does this engine
have in that time?
16. If a runner exerts 350 J of work to
make 125 W of power, then how
long did it take the runner to do the
work?

a) How much work is done in 25 s?

b) What power is being used?
c) What force of friction is acting on
the object?
18. A power mower does 9.00 x 105 J of
work in 0.500 h. What power does it
develop?
19. How long would it take a 500 W
electric motor to do 1.50 x 105 J of
work?
20. A 150 N boy rides a 60 N bicycle a
total of 200 m at a constant speed.
The frictional force against the
forward motion of the bicycle equals
35 N. How much work does the boy
do? Explain your answer. (Hint:
Remember that work is only done
when the motion is in the same
direction that the force is applied.)

17. A force of 5.0 N moves a 6.0 kg

object along a rough floor at a
constant speed of 2.5 m/s.

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Teacher: Javier Trigoso T.