Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
MHM
ORGINATED
By: FSP
DATE: 10/08/28
SZA
REVISED AND REFORMATTED
2002-09-25
FSP
DATE
15-02-19
NO.
REVISIONS
CERTIFIED
SES-P-122.11
ACCESS ROADS
AND STRUCTURE PADS
By: RRB
DATE: 10/08/28
APPROVED
By: ASA/KK
DATE: 10/08/29
SEP12211R2/SZA
PAGE 11: 1 OF 22
SES-P-122.11
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0
SCOPE
2.0
GENERAL
2.1
2.2
2.3
3.0
4.0
Design Criteria
Finger Roads and Pads
6.0
STRUCTURE PADS
4.1
4.2
5.0
Requirements
Geotechnical Information
Plan and Profile Drawings
BIBLIOGRAPHY
FIGURE 1: ACCESS ROAD AND PAD FOR STEEL TOWER (TT, SA,LA TYPE)
FIGURE 2: ACCESS ROAD AND PAD FOR STEEL TOWER (MA, HA, AS TYPE)
FIGURE 3: ACCESS ROAD AND PAD FOR H-FRAME STRUCTURES
FIGURE 4: ACCESS ROAD AND PAD FOR MONOPOLE STRUCTURES
FIGURE 5: ACCESS ROAD AND PAD FOR GUYED H-FRAME STRUCTURES
FIGURE 6: ACCESS ROAD AND PAD FOR GUYED MONOPOLE STRUCTURES
FIGURE 7: TYPICAL INTERSECTION
FIGURE 8: UNPAVED CROSSING FOR ABOVE GRADE PIPELINES
FIGURE 9: FINGER ROAD AND PAD
FIGURE 10: FINGER ROAD ALONG MAIN ROAD / HIGHWAY
SEP12211R2/SZA
PAGE 11: 2 OF 22
1.0
SES-P-122.11
SCOPE
This Standard establishes the specific parameters and procedures for the design of
unpaved access roads, structure pads, and slope protection from erosion/ encroachment
of transmission line right-of-ways.
2.0
GENERAL
2.1
Requirements
Access to the transmission line right-of-way and along the transmission line
requires various operations including construction of road approaches, filling of
ditches, dozing trails, and other works depending on the type of terrain. Suitable
road approaches are required for safe access of equipment and vehicles. Proper
surface drainage shall be provided. For easier accessibility during construction
and later for inspection, operation and maintenance of the transmission lines,
unpaved access road shall be located as near as possible to transmission lines.
All access roads, finger roads and structure pads shall be permanent for Company
maintenance and operation purposes.
2.2
Geotechnical Information
Detailed soil investigation conducted along the centerline of the proposed
transmission line shall serve as reference in the design of access road. The soil
report, based on the investigation shall include the following:
2.2.1 Soil boring logs, sampling and testing
2.2.2 Ground surface and Ground Water observations
2.2.3 Moisture-Density relationship (Compaction details)
2.2.4 CBR Test plots including CBR vs Dry Density
2.2.5 Recommendations
2.3
SEP12211R2/SZA
PAGE 11: 3 OF 22
3.0
SES-P-122.11
Maximum Grades
The maximum grades for different types of terrain based on the specified
design speed shall be the following:
Type of Terrain
a. Flat
b. Rolling
c. Mountainous
3.1.4
Maximum Grade
10.5%
13.5%
15.0%
Roadway Width
The minimum width of the unpaved access road shall be 5.00 meters.
SEP12211R2/SZA
PAGE 11: 4 OF 22
SES-P-122.11
14.0 m
30 degrees
10 degrees
SEP12211R2/SZA
PAGE 11: 5 OF 22
SES-P-122.11
PAGE 11: 6 OF 22
SES-P-122.11
Road Intersections
Road intersections or access road crossings are locations where roads cross each
other at a common elevation. The typical plan layout of intersection shall be as
shown on Figure. 7. Adequate advanced warning of the intersection and traffic
directional arrows and signs shall be provided as below:
3.3.1 Warning Signs
The STOP or YIELD sign shall be installed to control traffic. These shall
be per Ministry of Communications signs and shall be placed on the
access road at least 100 meters before the intersection.
3.3.2 Caution Signs
The caution signs "WARNING ROAD CROSSING AHEAD, SLOW
DOWN", shall be provided at least 100 meters before the intersection and
"SEC-ERB RIGHT-OF WAY; DO NOT ENTER" shall be provided at the
barriers. The Sign boards shall be of 2.0 m x 1.0 m X 3 mm thick
anodized aluminum plate, supported suitably by two 50 mm galvanized
schedule 40 pipes. The top level of the sign boards shall be 2.0 m from the
SEP12211R2/SZA
PAGE 11: 7 OF 22
SES-P-122.11
Crash barriers
Crash barriers shall be provided to protect any fence, boundary wall,
culvert, or any other utilities which are close to the transmission line
structures. Crash barriers shall be per SES-P-119.19.
3.4
Routes
Access roads shall be routed within the right-of-way of the proposed transmission
lines.
3.4.1 If an access road already exists within 30 meters from the proposed
transmission line, only finger roads need to be constructed to get access to
the new transmission line tower.
3.4.2 The existing access road shall be upgraded per requirements of this
standard. Precautionary measures to be taken to avoid any damage to the
existing access road. Any damage during construction shall be repaired/
rectified without any cost to SEC-ERB.
3.4.3 Existing MOC and Municipality roads shall not be used as transmission
line access roads.
SEP12211R2/SZA
PAGE 11: 8 OF 22
3.5
SES-P-122.11
Pipeline Crossings
Pipeline crossings shall be designed to provide safe passage of vehicular traffic.
The design of the crossing shall meet the following requirements unless otherwise
specified by the owner of the pipeline to be traversed.
3.5.1 The minimum basic wheel load for the pipeline crossings shall be seven
(7) metric tons.
3.5.2
3.5.3 The pipeline shall be protected against damage from vehicle collision by
means of at least 1 m high stabilized earth berm over the pipe and
extending 30 meters beyond both edges of the road (measured
perpendicular to the road).
3.5.4
Backfill material shall be the same material as that of access road (as
specified in section 3.2) and shall be free of material that may damage
coatings of steel pipe. Backfill shall be placed in layers of 300 mm or less
and the degree of compaction shall be same as for the access road.
3.5.5 Unless otherwise specified, the minimum cover over steel pipes shall be
1500 mm for unpaved road crossing.
3.5.6 The minimum width of the crossing shall be 5.00 meters, excluding the
side slopes. The typical pipeline crossing details are shown on Figure 8.
4.0
STRUCTURE PADS
4.1
Design Criteria
The standard earthwork requirements of the subgrade, subbase and surface (base)
course for the design of transmission line structure pads shall be same as for
access roads, (as stated in section 3.2 of this Standard) along with the following
requirements:
4.1.1 The edge of the pad shall have a minimum distance of fifteen (15) meters
from any point of the structure foundations and / or guy anchors.
SEP12211R2/SZA
PAGE 11: 9 OF 22
SES-P-122.11
4.1.2 The maximum side slope shall be 4 horizontal to 1 vertical. Side slopes
shall be as flat as possible, to increase safety by providing additional
maneuver area in emergencies and maintenance work.
4.1.3
4.1.4 For concrete foundation, top elevation of concrete footings shall be 450
mm above finished grade of the structure pads.
4.1.5 Wherever the transmission line is passing through Sabkha, water logged,
flooded or swamp areas; the filling shall be done to get structure pad at
minimum elevation of 1.5 meters above the surrounding area.
4.1.6 The typical design drawings of structure pad for different transmission
line towers shall be as shown in Figure 1 to 6.
4.2
5.0
SEP12211R2/SZA
PAGE 11: 10 OF 22
5.2
SES-P-122.11
6.0
For small stretches of access roads which are lower than the normal level,
and where there is difference of levels on two sides of access road, box or
pipe culverts with wing walls shall be used. The concrete shall be severe
exposure type per 71-SMSS-5. The design to be done based on site
conditions and shall be approved by SEC-ERB.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
6.1
6.2
6.3
ASTM D 1241
6.4
ASTM D 2397
6.5
SAES-L-046
6.6
SCS-P-122
6.7
SES-H-001.01
SEP12211R2/SZA
PAGE 11: 11 OF 22
SES-P-122.11
6.8
SES-P-122
6.9
SCS-Q-001
6.10
SCS-Q-002
SEP12211R2/SZA
PAGE 11: 12 OF 22
SEP12211R2/SZA
SES-P-122.11
PAGE 11: 13 OF 22
SEP12211R2/SZA
SES-P-122.11
PAGE 11: 14 OF 22
SEP12211R2/SZA
SES-P-122.11
PAGE 11: 15 OF 22
SEP12211R2/SZA
SES-P-122.11
PAGE 11: 16 OF 22
SEP12211R2/SZA
SES-P-122.11
PAGE 11: 17 OF 22
SEP12211R2/SZA
SES-P-122.11
PAGE 11: 18 OF 22
SEP12211R2/SZA
SES-P-122.11
PAGE 11: 19 OF 22
SEP12211R2/SZA
SES-P-122.11
PAGE 11: 20 OF 22
SEP12211R2/SZA
SES-P-122.11
PAGE 11: 21 OF 22
SEP12211R2/SZA
SES-P-122.11
PAGE 11: 22 OF 22