Exploring the Origins and Rise

of Communism in the Soviet Union

Group Website

Winnie Chang
Javier Chavarria
Yi Jiang
Ying Jiang

Annotated Bibliography
Primary Sources
Quotes
Fitzpatrick, Sheila. Everyday Stalinism: Ordinary Life in Extraordinary Times: Soviet Russia in the
1930s. Oxford University Press, Inc, 2000. PDF File.
<http://academos.ro/sites/default/files/fitzpatrick_-_everyday_stalinism.pdf>.
Sheilia Fitzpatricks book gave a summarization and analysis of the changing times under Stalin.
The book provided vast amounts of primary sources such as quotes from commoners who were
living under Stalins regime during that time era. This gives us a rather first person perspective of
the time era with very personal stories of the people. It gives you an emphasis of what Stalins
Russia really was.
Greene, Doug Enaa. Reading Althusser through Mao. Kasama Project. Kasama Project, 22 Mar. 2015.
Web. 18 Dec. 2015. <http://www.kasamaproject.org/2015/03/reading-althusser-through-mao/>.
This is a much deeper analysis of Mao Zedong and how he was reacting towards the communist
movement and so forth. This source mainly explains his reaction and what he really thought of
the communist party and the stalin era of Russia.
Hutton, Marcelline. "Resilient Russian Women in the 1920s & 1930s" (2015). Zea E-Books. Book 31.
<http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/zeabook/3>.
This source mainly explains about the women and particularly, how they felt during the era of
Stalin with primary sources. This is just mainly about their lives changing during the transition.
Lenin, Vladimir. "Lenin Quotes." Lenin Quotes. Marxist, n.d. Web. 18 Dec. 2015.
<https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/quotes.htm>.
This is mainly just a list of Lenin quotes from his assorted work such as his diaries, books, and
speeches compiled together.

"Stalin and the Chinese Revolution." The MarxistLeninist. The Marxist-Leninist a Revolutionary
Communist Website, 03 Nov. 2009. Web. 18 Dec. 2015.
<https://marxistleninist.wordpress.com/2009/11/03/stalin-and-the-chinese-revolution/>.
This website analyzes the experiences of Mao Zedong that he has with Stalin and what was
happening in terms of Socio-economic interaction between the Chinese and Russian.
"The Russian Revolution and the Emancipation of Women." The Russian Revolution and the
Emancipation of Women. Spartacist English Edition No. 59, 2006. Web. 18 Dec. 2015.
<http://www.icl-fi.org/english/esp/59/emancipation.html>.
This document analyzes the civil problems women began facing in the Stalin era, and how they
face the problems overall. The website analyzes the civil problems amassing during that time and
what was happening politically in a Russia ruled by Stalin.

Photographs
Margaret Bourke-White. Digital image. The New York Times. The New York Times, 25 Nov. 2007. Web.
17 Dec. 2015. <http://static01.nyt.com/images/2007/11/25/books/rubenstein-600.jpg>.
This image, taken around 1931 and published on the news, displays the people living with the
Communism government. We added this photo to the Effect on Living Standards page.
"Revelations from the Russian Archives Internal Workings of the Soviet Union." Internal Workings of the
Soviet Union. Library of Congress, 1996. Web. 18 Oct. 2015.
<http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/archives/intn.html>
It is quite known that Stalins rule was one of terror and poverty for the people. The Library of
Congress collected evidence of Stalins reign of terror and has made it available to the people of
the US. This archive provides primary evidence in the form of letters, photos, and other
documents as well as explains key concepts and situations during Stalins rule.
School Canteen in the 1930s. Digital image. The Moscow Times. The Moscow Times, n.d. Web. 17 Dec.
2015. <http://www.themoscowtimes.com/sovietmenu-31.jpg>.

This image shows children eating in school during the 1930s under the influence of the USSR.
We added this photo to the Education and Children page.
Stalin and Mao. Digital image. Facts and Details. Facts and Details, Dec. 2012. Web. 17 Dec. 2015.
<http://factsanddetails.com/media/2/20111106-Wiki%20C%201949%20Mao%20and%20
Stalin.jpg>.
This picture of Mao Zedong and Joseph Stalin in 1949 was featured in the page Effect on
Surrounding Nations.
Young Russian Girls Fighting as Guerillas for Their Homeland. Digital image. Guide History. AP
Images, 4 Oct. 2011. Web. 17 Dec. 2015.
<http://blogs.bu.edu/guidedhistory/files/2013/07/AP410919056-300x195.jpg>.
This photo, taken in 1941, features a group of guerilla fighters that once were farmer girls of a
Soviet village. We added this image in the Effect on Women page.

Secondary Sources
Articles
"communism." World History: The Modern Era. ABC-CLIO, 2015. Web. 13 Oct. 2015. <http://0worldhistory.abc-clio.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/Search/Display/309346?terms=communiusm>.
The Soviet Union was also the center and founding state of communism, and it is the basic form
of government in the Soviet Union. It was emerged through Karl Marx and helped establish the
Soviet Union with great power, which often contributed to the rise of the state. Communism was
also a major factor of the Soviet Communist Party that evolved with controlled freedoms. This
document describes how reforms and situations of Communism practiced in the Soviet Union
could experience political and economic powers.
Hammen, Oscar J. "Friedrich Engels." Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica, 9 July
2014. Web. 18 Dec. 2015. < http://www.britannica.com/biography/Friedrich-Engels>.
Friedrich Engels was also a helper in building the communist ideology and theory. This article
discusses his collaborations with Karl Marx and on the communism foundation. He made many
important works that strived to change the views of people that related to nationality matters and
economic, industrial, and business factors.
History.com Staff. "Joseph Stalin." History.com. A+E Networks, 2009. Web. 18 Oct. 2015.
<http://www.history.com/topics/joseph-stalin>.
Joseph Stalin was one of Russian communisms most prominent devotees. Under his rule, many
eastern European countries were annexed into the Soviet Union and people suffered. This
biography outlines the effects of Stalins policies on the people of communist Russia.
"Joseph Stalin." World History: The Modern Era. ABC-CLIO, 2015. Web. 18 Oct. 2015. <http://0worldhistory.abc-clio.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/Search/Display/318221?terms=russian+
communism>.

Joseph Stalin was Lenins successor after Lenin died. He had an iron rule over the Soviet Union
and enforced many policies that left lasting damages on the people of the Soviet Union. This
biography explains Stalins childhood, how he came to admire Marxs communist theories, and
how he established tyrannical policies on the Russian people based on Lenins dream of a
communist state.
"Life in USSR under Stalin - History Learning Site." History Learning Site. N.p., 2015. Web. 18 Oct.
2015.<http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/modern-world-history-1918-to-1980/russia-1900-to1939/life-in-ussr-under-stalin/>.
Under Stalins rule, many people suffered in the Soviet Union. Famines, jealousy between
coworkers, and mass killings characterized life under Stalins rule. This article addresses some of
the daily problems and situations people faced in the Soviet Union during Stalins rule.
"Vladimir Lenin." World History: The Modern Era. ABC-CLIO, 2015. Web. 18 Oct. 2015. <http://0worldhistory.abc-clio.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/Search/Display/314912?terms=russian+
communism>.
Vladimir Lenin was the leader of the Bolshevik Party and the chief theoretician of Russian
communism. His ideas were loosely based off of German Karl Marxs communist theories. This
biography of Vladimir Lenin explains how Lenin became an avid devotee of Marxs theories and
how

he

helped

set

up

Russian

Communism

after

the

assassination

of

Czar

NikolaiAleksandrovichRomanov and his family.

Vontz, Thomas S. "Communism." World Book Online Reference Center. World Book, 2015. Web. 13
Oct. 2015. <http://0-www.worldbookonline.com.ilsweb.com.lvccld.org/pl/referencecenter/
article?id=ar126880&st=soviet +union+communism&sc=0#cite>.
The article is a brief understanding of what communism is when controlling their specific
territories from the ideas of Karl Marx and Vladimir Lenin. While Lenin believed that Europe
escaped from imperialism, he took control of Russia as the first communist state in history joined

with three other territories forming the U.S.S.R. However, the rapid spread of communism has
broken and led to the falling of communism ideas.

Images
Flag of USSR. Digital image.Presidential Library. Yeltsin Presidential Library, n.d. Web. 16 Dec. 2015.
<http://www.prlib.ru/en-us/History/Lists/History/Attachments/371/Flag-sssr.jpg>.
This was the flag of the Soviet Union used on the main page of the website.
Lenine Vladimir Ilitch Oulianov. Digital image. History. History.com, n.d. Web. 16 Dec. 2015.
<http://cdn.history.com/sites/2/2014/02/lenin.jpg>.
This painting shows the Russian leader, Vladimir Lenin, who led the Russian Revolution in 1917,
which was used in the Vladimir Lenin page.
Marx Engels Lenin Stalin. Digital image. Kommunisten-Online. Kommunisten-Online, n.d. Web. 17 Dec.
2015. <http://kommunisten-online.de/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/marx-engels-lenin-stalin.jpg>.
This source was only used for its artistic purposes. This provided us an image of the four main
people involved in the spread of communism in the world. The image was used as the banner for
all of the pages in the website.
Stalin. Digital image. The Marxist-Leninist. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Dec. 2015.
<https://marxistleninist.files.wordpress.com/2009/12/130stalin.jpg?w=500>.
Here is a portrait painted by an unknown artist of Stalin as an all-powerful leader of the USSR.
This image was used in the Joseph Stalin page.

Videos
Vladimir Lenin Biography.CloudBiography, 3 Oct. 2012. Web. 16 Dec. 2015.
Thisis a short clip of the biography of Vladimir Lenin who led the Soviet Union.In the
biography, Lenins ruling and introducing of Communism to the rest of the country were
mentioned.We added this video to the Vladimir Lenin page.