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CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

There are five basic combinations in Conditional Sentences. Each has an ifclause anda main clause (in which order it isnt important)
1.- Type 1. The verb in the IF-CLAUSE is in the present tense and the verb in the
MAIN-CLAUSE in the future tense.
e.g.

If he works hard he will pass the exam.


He will pass the exam if he works hard.

The meaning is future or present and the action in the if-clause is quite
probable.
2.- Type 2. The verb in the IF-CLAUSE is in the past tense and the verb in the
MAIN-CLAUSE in the conditional tense.
e.g.

If I had time I would help you.


I would help you if I had time

The meaning is future or present. This conditional is used if the


supposition is contrary to known facts or when the action in the if-clause
is unlikely to happen.
3.- Type 3. The verb in the IF-CLAUSE is in the past perfect tense and the verb
in the MAIN-CLAUSE in the perfect conditional tense.
e.g.

If I had known you liked football I would hae invited you to the
game.
I would have invited you to the game if Ihad known you liked
football.

4.- Zero Conditional. General statement of permanent condition. The verb in


both sentences is present.
e.g.

If the weather is good its very pleasant here.

5.- Imperative Conditional. The verb in the if-clause is present and in the mainclause it is imperative.
e.g.

If you dont understand, ask the teacher.

EXERCISES
A.- Complete the sentences, using the correct tense and form. Specify to which
combination they belong.
1.- If I won the pools, I (go) round the world.

2.- If I see him, I (tell) him you rang.

3.- If you heat water to 100 C, it (boil).

4.- If you dont believe me, (ask) John.

5.- He would hae helped you if you (ask) him.

6.- Shed be upset if she (know) what you think of her.

7.- He (not find out) if you hadnt told him.

8.- Would you be afraid to go there if I (go) with you?

B.- Read the following sentences and write a conditional one. (Type 2).
1.- I havent got the book, so I have to work in the library every day.

2.- You should have breakfast, but you dont, so you get hungry at 12.
3.- James is late very often. Its because he doesnt get up at 7.

4.- Jenny fails a lot of exams because she is always reading novels.

5.- They want to go to the U.S.A., but they cant, because they dont have
enough money.

6.- They want a new house, but they cant have it, because it is too expensive.

7.- He eats a lot, because hes always hungry.

8.- We havent got a cook, so we have to prepare our food every day.

9.- She ought to study, but she doesnt, so she usually fails the exams.

10.- James is ill very often. It is because he doesnt eat much.

C.- Change the following sentences to give them the same meaning, using a
conditional sentence instead. (Type 3).
1.- He fell off his horse at the last fence, so he didnt win the race.

2.- I intended to buy it but it proved too expensive.

3.- I meant to five him your message, but he came in late.


4.- You didnt make a note of it in your diary, so you forgot about it.

5.- Nobody

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