2/25 notes:

Colonial Cinema:
Introduced beinging of the 20th century
Korean film industry begins in the mid-1900s
Silent films; sound films introduced in the 1930s
Pyonsa (): silent movie live narrator, Movie teller
The General's Son , Im Kwon Taek, 1990
Could not express anti-Japanese/anti-colonialism ideals
Collaboration:
The continuing exercise of power under the pressure
produced by the presence of an occupying power Henrik
Dethlefsonon, Denmark and the German Occupation
Collaborators: Yi Kwang-Su (1892-1950), Yun Chi-ho (18641945)
War Mobilization, 1932-1945
Not a relationship of equals
A system of mobilization utilized entire resources of the
nation
Lots of propaganda films shown in cinema, Japan, and in the
countryside
Propaganda film:
o Mobilized countryside to help the war effort
o Incorporation of Shinto shrines attempt to incorporate
Japanese culture into Korea and unify the two nations
o Clothing: mainly Korean clothing; an attempt to make
Japanese Korean through food and dress but hard to
enforce
o Distinctive cultural aspect to Korea and the process of
assimilation was hindered and unnatural
Korea in the Japanese Empire
1910: the formal empire
1942: The wartime empire
The Manchurian Incident 1931
o China had been disintegrating since 1920 or so and
there was a new nationalist government but a lof the
perihpual areas of china were duner the control of
military warlords

o China was expanding and Japan wanted the resources

and strategic location of Manchuria
o Japan needs to defend itself against all bases
o movement back and forth of people and resources
o Koreans were still second class citizens in Manchuria but
still above Chinese
o Place of immigration of Korean
professionals/businessmen/farmers
o Korea plays a pivotal role in Manchuria
By 1942 the Japanese empire is enormous
o Pearl Harbor
Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere
o Some Koreans thought Japanese were riding Korea of
Europeans and westerners and would bring Korea into
the modern world
Greater East Asia Conference, Tokyo, Novermber 1943
Naisen Ittai Policy--> "Japan Korea One Body
much more integrated and assimilated
created to address the ambivalence between Korea and Japan
culturally
Utilize all material and human resources for the war effort
Koreans follow Japanese customs and language exclusively
Encouraged to take Japanese names
o to change Korean names
Hundreds of thousands employed in Japanese factories , coal
mines, comfort women, agriculture, etc.
Koreans were allowed to volunteer for the Japanese army
in1938
o because as the war got larger Koreans became
conscripted out of necessity
Intensifying War Mobilization, 1938- disappearance of
neutral space
Workers: 1939 National Labor Mobilization Law mobilized
some 5 million Joreans over 600,00 sent to Japan
Soilders: Koreans able to enlist from 1938, conscripted from
1943. Over 100,000 joined
WomenL mobilized as nurses, factory orkers, and perhaps
180,000 comfort women
Name change ordinance, 1939: Koreans invited to take Japanese
names