Question 1 Beecher's (1959) study of wartime injuries investigated the effect of

_______________ on pain.
placebos

fear

arousal

interpretation

isolation
Question 2 Self-report measures such as the McGill Pain Questionnaire typically measure
pain threshold.

the nature and intensity of pain.

pain tolerance.

pain and encouraged tolerance level.

personality and the experience of pain.

Question 3 (304) The affective and motivational aspect of pain seems to be determined primarily
by
A-delta fibres.

C-fibres.

endorphins.

the cerebral cortex.

psychosocial factors.
Question 4 According to the gate control theory of pain, relaxation is a(n) _________ factor that
_________ the pain gate.
cognitive; opens

physical; closes

physical; opens

emotional; opens

emotional; closes
Question 5 Chronic pain patients typically show elevated scores on the following three MMPI
subscales:
hysteria, hypochondriasis, and depression.

hypochondriasis, hysteria, and mania.

negative affectivity, hypochondriasis, and anxiety.

hypochondriasis, anxiety, and depression.

chronic pain patients do not show elevated scores in any category of the MMPI.
Question 6 The use of surgical techniques to control pain involves the use of spinal blocks that
block the upward transmission of impulses in the
spinal column

is becoming increasingly common as a treatment of last resort.

may result in only temporary improvement and have no lasting negative side effects.

may damage the nervous system and actually exacerbate chronic pain.

work if the individual has not already adapted to the pain.

Question 7 Biofeedback training
shows a great deal of evidence that it is effective in reducing pain.

is not effective for reducing the frequency of migraine headache attacks.

is probably is no more effective for controlling pain than are relaxation techniques.

has not been used to treat chronic conditions.

requires a strong personal will and is not for everyone.

Question 8 Acupuncture may

function as a sensory method of controlling pain.

be effective because patients believe it will work.

trigger the release of morphine

be placebo-like in nature

function as a sensory method of controlling pain, be effective because patients believe it

will work, trigger the release of endorphins and be placebo like in nature.

Question 9 Cognitive-behavioural pain interventions

encourage patients to entrust the management of their pain to the treatment team.

attempt to modify maladaptive cognitions but not overt and covert behaviours.

encourage clients to attribute their success to the treatment intervention.

help patients reconceptualize the problem from overwhelming to manageable.

are less effective than meditation for controlling pain.

Question 10 Relapse following initial successful treatment of pain is directly related to
coping styles.

lack of social support.

personality traits.

non-adherence to treatment regimen.

gender